IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA
Chakradhari Sharan Singh, J.
Sidheshwar Rai - Appellant
Versus
The State Of Bihar & Ors. - Respondent
Civil Writ Jurisdiction Case No. 10421 of 2016
Decided On : 23-09-2021
Service Law – Dismissal – Demand of illegal money for allowing passengers to board Train – Order of compulsory retirement could not have been given effect to retrospectively in view of clear direction of this Court to respondents to restore petitioner's position as was existing immediately prior to order of dismissal from service – Order of dismissal cannot be retrospective – Impugned order making punishment of compulsory retirement operative from a retrospective date will have consequence of nullifying and modifying order of this Court by which petitioner was directed to be reinstated – Respondents could not have passed an order having effect of removal of petitioner from service with effect from date when petitioner was deemed to be continuing in service by virtue of this Court's order – Impugned order requires interference to the only effect that though entire order cannot be invalidated but said order can have prospective effect only – Impugned order shall operate prospectively. (Paras 12, 16, 18, 19 and 20)
JUDGMENT
1. Shorn of unnecessary details, short facts relevant for determination of this Court in the present application are that on the allegation of certain misconduct a disciplinary proceeding was initiated against the petitioner which culminated into passing of an order of dismissal from service dated 29.02.2008, by the Disciplinary Authority. The petitioner's appeal before the Appellate Authority and mercy petition before the Director General of Police, Bihar were also rejected.
2. The petitioner, at the relevant point of time, was posted in Patna Rail Police. A complain that he was demanding illegal money for allowing passengers to board a train, was the basis for initiating the said disciplinary proceeding against him. Aggrieved by the decision of the Disciplinary Authority, Appellate Authority and the order passed by the Director General of Police, Bihar the petitioner had earlier approached this Court by filing writ petition giving rise to CWJC No. 9438 of 2011. The writ petition was partly allowed by an order dated 10.12.2013 in following terms :-
"15. As the charge of demanding money which is one of the two charges is not proved against the petitioner the matter is remitted for fresh consideration on quantum of sentence. It would be open for respondents to inflict any punishment including one of compulsory retirement or any other punishment without prejudice. In the result, the impugned order of dismissal passed by Superintendent of Police, Rail as well as appellate orders of the DIG and the Director General of Police are set aside and the matter is remanded to the respondents for passing afresh order in accordance with law. The position existing immediately prior to dismissal order is restored. (Underlined for emphasis)
3. It is evident from the observation made by this Court in the order dated 10.12.2013 that in the Court's opinion the charge of demanding money could not be proved against the petitioner. The matter was remanded back to the Disciplinary Authority for consideration on quantum of punishment. This Court had pointed out that it would be open for the respondents to inflict any punishment including one of the compulsory retirement. The Court had further ordered that the position existing immediately prior to dismissal order would stand restored.
4. Admittedly, by virtue of the order of this Court dated 10.12.2013, passed in CWJC No. 9438 of 2011, the petitioner was required to be reinstated in service with effect from the date of his dismissal.
5. This is not in dispute that after filing of the contempt application, the Director General of Police issued an order dated 29.09.2015 imposing punishment of compulsory retirement in place of dismissal, but to be effective from a retrospective date i.e. the date of the order of dismissal (29.02.2008).
6. The State of Bihar has preferred a Letters Patent Appeal registered as LPA No. 1875 of 2015 against this Court's order dated 10.12.2013, passed in CWJC No. 9438 of 2011, which is said to be pending. The Director General of Police in his order dated 29.09.2015 has recorded that the said order shall be subject to outcome of the Letters Patent Appeal preferred against the said order of this Court dated 10.12.2013. In compliance of the order of the Director General of Police dated 29.09.2015 the Superintendent of Police (Railway) Patna has passed order of the same date i.e. 29.09.2015 communicating punishment of compulsory retirement from the date of dismissal from service of the petitioner.
7. This writ application has been filed, in the aforesaid background, seeking quashing of the two orders dated 29.05.2015, passed by the director General of Police, Bihar and the Superintendent of Police (Railway), Patna.
8. A counter affidavit has been filed on behalf of the State of Bihar.
9. I have heard Ms. Mahasweta Chatterjee, learned counsel for the petitioner and Mrs. Archana Meenakshee, learned counsel representing the State of Bihar.
10. Ms. Chatterjee, learned counsel appearing
Retrospective penalties for compulsory retirement are impermissible and must align with the order date past which no previous penalty exists.
The requirement of providing a reasonable opportunity to the employee and considering past conduct with notice to the employee in disciplinary proceedings.
The authority has discretion to impose a punishment of compulsory retirement for desertion, which is valid under Police Standing Orders and does not equate to reinstatement.
Unless there exists an enabling provision either in the applicable service rules or any other provision of law it would not be open for the disciplinary authority to pass an order in respect of contr....
The main legal point established in the judgment is the court's authority to modify the penalty imposed by the employer, even in cases where the penalty is found to be shockingly disproportionate, in....
The court upheld the principle of proportionality in punishment and emphasized the importance of considering the unexplained delay in disciplinary proceedings when determining service benefits.
The principle of proportionality of punishment is crucial in determining the appropriate penalty for proved charges of misconduct.
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