IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA
CHAKRADHARI SHARAN SINGH and RAJIV ROY, JJ.
Criminal Appeal (DB) No.119 of 2022
(19.4.2023)
Basudev Yadav
@ Basudev Tiwari ... Appellant
vs.
State of Bihar ... Respondent
Indian Penal Code, 1860 – Sections 302/149, 201/149 and 148 – Arms Act, 1959 – Section 27 – Murder and disappearance of evidence – Common object – Life sentence – No justification for delay of 24 hours in registration of FIR – Informant could not be examined as he died during pendency of trial – I.O. also was not examined at trial – Three out of four witnesses turned hostile as they did not support prosecution's case – Witnesses who turned hostile, were cross-examined – Prosecution could not obtain any material from hostile witnesses to support case of prosecution in any manner – Case is made out for interference with impugned judgment of conviction and order of sentence – Appellant acquitted of charge by giving him benefit of doubt – Impugned judgment of conviction and order of sentence aside – Appeal allowed. (Paras 11, 12 and 13)
Chakradhari Sharan Singh, J.—The appellant has preferred this appeal under Section 374(2) of the Code of Criminal Procedure against the judgment and order dated 13.12.2021 and 21.12.2021 passed by the learned 1st Additional Sessions Judge, Bagaha, West Champaran, in Sessions Trial No. 292 of 2013, whereby and whereunder the appellant has been convicted and sentenced as under:—
| Convicted under Sections | Imprisonment | Fine (Rs.) | In default of fine |
| 148 of the IPC | R.I. for two years | 2,000/- - |
|
| 201/149 of the IPC | R.I. for five years | 5,000/- |
|
| 302/149 | R.I. for Life | 10,000/- |
|
| Section 27(1) of the Arms Act | R.I. for four years | 2,000/- | Three months’ S.I. |
2. All sentences have been directed to run concurrently.
3. Heard Mr. Shashank Chandra, learned counsel appearing on behalf of the appellant and Mr. Sujit Kumar Singh, learned Additional Public Prosecutor for the State.
4. The father of the deceased, Ratan Mallah, is the informant of Bagaha P.S. Case No. 28 of 1990, registered on 03.11.1990 for commission of the offences punishable under Sections 147, 148, 149, 302, 201 of the IPC and Section 27 of the Arms Act, which gave rise to aforementioned Sessions Trial and the subsequent impugned judgment of conviction and the order of sentence passed by the learned trial court. A written report of the informant is the basis for registration of the FIR. According to the FIR, the occurrence had taken place at 08 A.M on 02.11.1990. From the First Information Report, it transpires that the information was given to the police regarding the occurrence on 08:30 A.M. on 03.11.1990. The distance of the Police Station from the place of occurrence is said to be 10 kilometers north. According to the prosecution’s case, the appellant with 7-8 persons, armed with firearm, reached the informant’s place, and while using abusive language, was searching for the deceased Ramdev Mallah. The deceased is said to have fled away from the house, who was chased by this appellant and others. The appellant is said to have shot at the deceased. The deceased fell down on the ground. When he was lying in injured condition, he was assaulted by all others, who were accompanying this appellant, with lathi and danda and thereafter took the body of the deceased towards river and disappeared thereafter. It is apparent from the FIR that the deceased had very recently come out of jail. He also disclosed in the FIR that the occurrence was witnessed by Jaisri Mallah (PW-4), brother of the deceased, Hardeo Mallah (PW-1) brother of the deceased, Sarswati Devi (PW-2) wife of the deceased. It is evident from the records that the dead body of the deceased was remained untraced.
5. The police, upon completion of investigation, submitted charge-sheet against six persons for commission of the offence punishable under Section 302 of the IPC. Charge-sheet against this appellant was filed on 02.08.2013 for commission of the offence punishable under Sections 148, 302/149, 201/149 and Section 27(1) of the Arms Act. The appellant denied the charges framed against him and claimed to be tried.
6. At the trial, altogether four witnesses were examined. No documentary evidence was adduced at the trial. After closure of the evidence of the witnesses, the appellant was questioned by the court below in relation to the circumstances emerging against him based on the evidence of the prosecution’s witnesses adduced at the trial as required under Section 313 of the CrPC. The appellant denied the circumstances. Learned trial court, upon analysis and evaluation of the evidence adduced at the trial, concluded that the charges against the appellant of having committed the offence punishable under Sections 148, 302/149, 201/149 of the IPC and Section 27(1) of the Arms Act stood prove, and accordingly, after having held the appellant guilty of the aforesaid
The central legal point established in the judgment is the requirement for the prosecution to prove the case beyond reasonable doubt, including the place of occurrence and the examination of crucial ....
The sufficiency of evidence to establish the prosecution's case beyond all reasonable doubts, and the prejudicial impact of the absence of T.I. Parade and non-examination of the Investigating Officer....
The conviction was overturned due to insufficient evidence and inconsistencies in witness testimonies, affirming that convictions must be based on reliable and corroborative evidence beyond a reasona....
The prosecution failed to establish guilt beyond reasonable doubt due to significant inconsistencies in testimonies and absence of key witnesses, leading to acquittal.
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