IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA
ASHUTOSH KUMAR, NANI TAGIA, JJ.
Avinash Kumar Ranjan, S/o. Sanjay Ram - Appellant
Versus
The State of Bihar - Respondent
Criminal Appeal (DB) No. 244 of 2022
Decided On : 29-11-2023
CRIMINAL LAW - CONVICTION UNDER IPC AND POCSO ACT - Sections 366A, 376(2) IPC; Sections 4, 6 POCSO Act - The court discussed the legal provisions regarding kidnapping and sexual offenses against minors, emphasizing the importance of consent and the age of the victim. The court highlighted that a minor cannot legally consent to sexual acts, and the lack of clarity regarding the victim's age and circumstances surrounding her departure from home influenced the decision to acquit the appellant.
Fact of the Case:
The appellant was convicted for kidnapping and sexual offenses against a minor under IPC and POCSO Act. The victim, initially reported missing, was found living with the appellant, who claimed they were in a consensual relationship. The victim's age was disputed, with medical examinations suggesting she was between 15 to 16 years old, while she later claimed to be 14. The father of the victim filed the FIR based on suspicion rather than direct evidence of wrongdoing.
Finding of the Court:
The court found inconsistencies in the victim's statements and noted that she had initially claimed to have been kidnapped but later testified that she had left home voluntarily. The court emphasized the lack of evidence supporting the claim of coercion or force by the appellant, leading to doubts about the prosecution's case.
Issues: Whether the appellant committed the offenses of kidnapping and sexual assault under the IPC and POCSO Act, considering the victim's age and the nature of their relationship.
Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the prosecution failed to establish that the victim was a minor at the time of the alleged offenses and that the victim's own testimony indicated a lack of coercion. The court reiterated that a minor cannot consent to sexual acts, but the ambiguity surrounding the victim's age and her voluntary actions led to reasonable doubt regarding the appellant's guilt.
Final Decision: The court acquitted the appellant of all charges, allowing the appeal and directing his immediate release from jail.
JUDGMENT :
Ashutosh Kumar, J.
1. We have heard Mr. Manendra Kumar Sinha, learned Advocate for the appellant and Mr. Abhimanyu Sharma, learned APP for the State.
2. The appellant has been convicted under Sections 366A and 376(2) of the Indian Penal Code and under Sections 4 and 6 of the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012, vide judgment dated 28.01.2022, passed in POCSO Case No.28 of 2020 (C.I.S. No. 28 of 2020) arising out of Gopalganj P.S. Case No. 184 of 2020. By order dated 08.02.2022, he has been sentenced to undergo R.I. for seven years, to pay a fine of Rs.10,000/- and in default of payment of fine, to further suffer S.I. for three months for the offence under Section 366A of IPC and to undergo R.I. for twenty years each, to pay a fine of Rs.50,000/- each and in default of payment of fine, to further suffer S.I. for three months each for the offence under Sections 4 and 6 of the POCSO Act, 2012.
3. Since sentence has already been awarded under Sections 4 and 6 of the POCSO Act, 2012, no sentence has been awarded under Section 376 of the IPC.
4. The sentences have been ordered to run concurrently.
5. The age of the appellant at the time of the judgment was assessed to be 20 to 21 years. The appellant is said to have enticed away the victim (P.W. 7) to Kanpur, where she was kept as the wedded wife of the appellant for about two months. She was recovered from the house of the parents of the appellant.
6. The medical examination of the victim reflected her age to be between 15 to 16 years.
7. The father of the victim (P.W. 5) has lodged the FIR on 18.03.2020 alleging that his daughter left his house for reaching his motel on 16.03.2020, but neither did she reach the motel nor returned home. Later, in night, the informant (P.W. 5) learnt from his wife (P.W. 1) that the appellant had been stalking the victim regularly. The informant (P.W. 5), therefore, suspected that in all probability, the appellant might have kidnapped the victim.
8. On the basis of the aforenoted written report of P.W. 5, Gopalganj Town P.S. Case No. 184 of 2020 dated 18.03.2020 was registered for investigation for the offences under Sections 363, 366A/34 of IPC.
9. It appears from the records that the appellant was arrested and the victim was recovered from his house on 14.05.2020. The victim had given her statement under Section 164 of the Cr.P.C., after her recovery, before the learned Magistrate in which she has alleged that she was taken away by the appellant on 16.03.2020 to a bus-stand, from where both of them went to Fatehpur, a locality at Kanpur. She was made to stay in a rented accommodation as the wife of the appellant. During her stay at Kanpur, she was subjected to sexual intercourse. When the parents of the appellant contacted him, the appellant grew nervous and brought her to his parent’s house. Later, this case was lodged. In that Statement, she has disclosed her aged to be 15 years.
10. However, during the Trial, the victim (P.W. 7) had a different story to narrate.
11. Before the Trial Court, she declared that at the time of occurrence, she was only 14 years of age. She had come out of her house and had gone to Kanpur alone. She had met the appellant at Kanpur who brought her to Gopalganj. She has categorically stated before the Trial Court that the appellant did not commit any wrong act with her. In fact, she did not even know the appellant from before and had met him for the first time at Kanpur railway station. On being questioned, she further stated that the case was lodged by her father but she is not aware whether the allegations are correct. She admitted of having given her statement before a female Police Officer and also before the Magistrate and that in the medical examination, she was found to be pregnant, bearing a pregnancy of 13 weeks, but she got aborted when she had consumed medicines for fever. When she was further questioned as to how did she conceive, she turned a volte-face again and said that because of the sex
The court established that in cases involving minors, the prosecution must clearly prove the age of the victim and the absence of consent, and any ambiguity in these areas can lead to acquittal.
The prosecution must conclusively establish the victim's age under the POCSO Act, and inconsistencies in the victim's testimony can undermine the case against the accused, warranting acquittal.
The judgment underscores the critical importance of credible evidence and thorough investigation in sexual offense cases, reaffirming that the prosecution must prove guilt beyond a reasonable doubt f....
(1) Once prosecution failed to prove that victim was below 18 years of age, evidence of her consent, assumes importance.(2) There is no difference as regards minority between child in conflict with l....
The central legal point established in the judgment is that in cases involving minors, the credibility of the victim's testimony holds significant weight, and corroboration may not always be necessar....
Conviction and sentencing for sexual offences under the POCSO Act upheld, establishing that the defense's failure to challenge the victim's age and credibility supported the prosecution's case.
Point of Law : Once the fact of victim being child is not proved, POCSO Act is not applicable.
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