IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA
ARUN KUMAR JHA, J.
Civil Misc. Jur. No.1513 of 2016
(29.8.2024)
Gul Hasan Miyan ... Petitioner
vs.
Aas Mohammad & Anr. ... Respondents
Civil Procedure Code, 1908 – Order VI Rule 17 – Amendment of plaint – Suit filed by plaintiff/petitioner for declaration of title over land – Amendment shall not be allowed after commencement of trial – Commencement of trial has different connotation in facts and circumstances of each case – Commencement of trial as used in proviso to Order VI Rule 17 of CPC must be understood in limited sense as meaning final hearing of suit, examination of witnesses, filing of documents and adducing of arguments – Present case is at stage of evidence of plaintiff – All amendments ought to be allowed which are necessary for determination of real controversy between parties – Plea of limitation being disputed could be made a subject matter of issue after allowing amendment – On this ground, amendment sought could not be declined – Amendment would not change nature of suit – If amendment is not allowed, it will lead to unnecessary multiplicity of litigation – Amendments also appears to be necessary for the purpose of determination of real controversy between parties – Amendment application allowed. (Paras 7, 8, 10, 12, 13, 16 and 17)
Arun Kumar Jha, J.—Heard learned counsel for the petitioner and learned counsel for the respondents and I intend to dispose of the present petition at the stage of admission itself.
2. The instant petition has been filed under Article 227 of the Constitution of India for setting aside the order dated 08.09.2016 passed in Title Suit No. 64 of 2014 by learned Munsif- II, Siwan whereby and whereunder the learned trial court rejected the petition dated 04.08.2016 filed by the plaintiff/petitioner under Order 6 Rule 17 of the Civil Procedure Code (hereinafter referred to as the ‘Code’)
3. The learned counsel for the petitioner submits that the petitioner is plaintiff before the learned trial court and the respondents are the defendants. The plaintiff has filed a suit for declaration of title over the suit land as mentioned in the schedule of the plaint. The matter was at the stage of plaintiff’s evidence and examination-in-chief of the plaintiff was filed and at that time, a petition for amendment under Order 6 Rule 17 of the Code has been filed on behalf of the plaintiff making a prayer for amendment in paragraph 1, 8, 13 and in the relief portion of the plaint. The learned counsel further submits that through these amendments, two sale deeds bearing nos.12929 and 12930, both dated 09.08.1982 executed by defendant no.1 in favour of defendant no.2 have been sought to be declared null and void. The learned counsel further submits that proper foundation has already been laid in the plaint in paragraph 9. The learned counsel further submits that the plaintiff came to know about the execution of the sale deeds in the year 2014 and mentioned this fact in plaint, but due to inadvertence and poor drafting, the same could not be mentioned in relief portion and, thereafter, the amendment petition has been filed on 04.08.2016. The learned counsel further submits that in order to avoid multiplicity of the litigation and for determination of the real controversy between the parties, the amendments are necessary. The learned trial court has wrongly observed that the amendment could change the nature of suit and there has been much delay in filing the petition for amendment. The learned counsel further submits that the evidence of the plaintiff has just started and only examination-in-chief of the plaintiff was filed. So the suit is still at the initial stage. The learned counsel further submits that the amendments are necessary for deciding the real controversy between the parties and the learned trial court erred while rejecting the petition filed by the plaintiff and the impugned order be set aside and the petition of the plaintiff be allowed.
4. On the other hand, learned counsel for the respondents vehemently opposes the submission made on behalf of the petitioner. The learned counsel further submits that there is no infirmity in the impugned order. The petitioner/plaintiff wants to introduce time barred claim and has been seeking amendment in this regard. The sale deeds were executed in the year 1982 and under Article 59 of the Limitation Act, the limitation period is only 3 years for seeking declaration against the sale deed. However, after more than 20 years, the plaintiff/petitioner wants to challenge the execution of the sale deeds and the same is time barred. The learned counsel further submits that there is no merit in the submission that the plaintiff was not having any knowledge since the plaintiff and the defendants are own brothers and the vendees of the defendants have already come in possession after the execution of the sale deeds and the plaintiff has all along been knowing about this fact, still he chose not to assail the sale deeds and has filed the application for amendment quite late and the same could not be allowed. The learned counsel further submits that the plaintiff/petitioner has failed to show due diligence since the trial has started and after commencement of trial, the plaintiff was duty bound to explain why the am
Baldev Singh vs. Manohar Singh
L.J. Leach and Co. Ltd. vs. Jardine Skinner and Co.
T.N. Alloy Foundry Co. Ltd. vs. T.N. Electricity Board
The court reinforced that amendments post-trial initiation are disallowed if barred by limitation, emphasizing the necessity for due diligence in raising claims at the appropriate stage.
Amendments to pleadings post-trial require showing of due diligence, and must not alter the fundamental nature of the case, or cause undue prejudice to the opposing party.
Point of law: High Court can interfere in exercise of its power of superintendence, when there has been a patent perversity in the orders of the Tribunals and Courts subordinate to it or where there ....
Amendments to pleadings under Order VI Rule 17 of CPC should be allowed if necessary for determining real issues, provided they do not cause injustice to the other party.
Amendments to pleadings under Order VI Rule 17 of CPC should be allowed if necessary for justice and do not change the nature of the suit.
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