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2024 Supreme(Pat) 1223

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA
Vipul M. Pancholi, Sunil Dutta Mishra, JJ.
Bir Bahadur Kushwaha S/o Ashanand Kushwaha - Appellant
Versus
The State of Bihar - Respondent
Criminal Appeal (DB) No.335 of 2019
Decided On : 25-04-2024

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant :Mr. Krishna Prasad Singh, Senior Advocate, Mr. Lakshman Lal Pandey, Advocate, Mr. Rajendra Kumar Dubey, Advocate
For the Respondent: Mr. Bipin Kumar, APP

The prosecution must prove charges beyond a reasonable doubt, and contradictions in testimony and medical evidence warrant acquittal.

Headnote:(A) Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 - Section 374(2) - Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Section 376 - Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 - Section 4 - Conviction for rape and sentencing for life imprisonment - Delay in lodging FIR (5 days) raised questions over credibility; contradictions in witness testimonies and medical evidence contradicted allegations of rape. (Paras 1, 5, 15, 19)

(B) Standard of Proof - The prosecution must prove the case beyond reasonable doubt. Where evidence is insufficient or contradictory, the conviction cannot stand. (Paras 16, 19)

Facts of the case:
Appellant convicted for offences under IPC and POCSO Act; allegations of raping a minor; written complaint filed 5 days post-alleged event. The trial court relied on testimony of 7 witnesses including the victim, but medical reports did not support claims of sexual assault. Appellant argued false implication due to delays and contradictions.

Findings of Court:
The prosecution failed to meet the burden of proof; contradictions in witness statements and a lack of corroborative medical evidence resulted in the reversal of conviction.

Issues: Primary questions included the credibility of delayed complaints, evidence sufficiency, and the reliability of witness testimonies.

Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that medical evidence and discrepancies in the victim's timeline and complaint undermine the prosecution's case, leading to an acquittal of the appellant. The trial court's judgment was quashed as it did not meet the necessary legal standards for conviction.

Result: Appeal allowed; conviction and sentence set aside, and appellant acquitted.

Table of Content
1. factual background of the case. (Para 1 , 2)
2. arguments regarding false implication and evidence. (Para 5)
3. witness testimonies and medical evidence analysis. (Para 6 , 7 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14)
4. court's analysis of evidence and timelines. (Para 15 , 16 , 17)
5. justification for acquittal based on lack of evidence. (Para 18)
6. final decision and order of the court. (Para 19)

JUDGMENT :

VIPUL M. PANCHOLI, J.

The instant appeal is filed under Section 374(2) of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (hereinafter referred to as ‘the Code’) wherein the sole appellant-convict has assailed the judgment of conviction dated 10.01.2019 and order of sentence dated 21.01.2019, rendered by learned 1st Additional Sessions Judge, Bhojpur, Ara in POCSO Case No.16/2017, arising out of Jagdishpur P.S. Case No.241/2017, whereby appellant Bir Bahadur Kushwaha has been convicted for the offences punishable under Section 376 of the INDIAN PENAL CODE as well as Section 4 of the POCSO Act and sentenced to undergo imprisonment for life under Section 4 of the POCSO Act and to pay a fine of Rs.25,000/- and in default of payment of fine, appellant Bir Bahadur Kushwaha has to undergo SI for six months. The appellant is not sentenced separately for the offence of Section 376 of the INDIAN PENAL CODE .

2. Brief facts, leading to filing of the present appeals, are as under:-

Urmila Devi, wife of Birendra Yadav, Resident of Village Pilapur, P.S. Jagdishpur, District Bhojpur gave a written complaint to the S.H.O., Jagdishpur on 20.08.2017 alleging therein that on 15.08.2017 at about 02:30 P.M., her daughter, aged about 10 years had gone in Badhar (agricultural farm) to cut fodder for animal. At about 02:30 P.M., appellant, namely, Bir Bahadur Kushwaha after finding her daughter alone and for fulfilling his sexual desire tried to commit rape on her. Then, her daughter raised alarm. Villagers came there. The informant also went there and saw that some villagers are assaulting the appellant. The informant saw that the clothes of her daughter were torn. Thereafter Ashanand Kushwaha, father of the appellant, Sadanand Kushwaha, Kamta Kushwaha, Dinesh Kushwaha and Lallan Kushwaha assembled and were trying to settle the matter and due to this fact, the informant had not gone police station, but after 2-3 days, Ashanand Kushwaha, father of the appellant, Sadanand Kushwaha, Kamta Kushwaha, Dinesh Kushwaha and Lallan Kushwaha started giving threatening to the informant and her family members, hence gave the written complaint to the S.H.O., Jagdishpur.

2.1. On the basis of the written complaint, Jagdishpur P.S. Case No.241/2017 was registered and thereafter the Investigating Officer commenced investigation. After investigation, the Investigating Officer submitted charge-sheet against the present appellant.

3. During course of trial, the prosecution had examined 7 witnesses, namely, P.W.-1, Puja Kumari, P.W.-2, Birendra Singh, P.W.-3, Urmila Devi, P.W.-4, Noor Sultana, P.W.-5, Dr. Shazia Badar, P.W.-6, Guddu Kumar and P.W.-7, Krishna Yadav. Documentary evidence was also produced before the Trial Court. Thereafter further statement of the accused under Section 313 of the Code came to be recorded. After conclusion of the trial, the Trial Court convicted the present appellant for the aforesaid offences as stated hereinabove.

4. Heard Mr. Krishna Prasad Singh, learned Senior Counsel assisted by Mr. Lakshman Lal Pandey for the appellant and Mr. Bipin Kumar, learned Additional Public Prosecutor for the State.

5. Learned Senior Counsel appearing for the appellant submits that in the present case appellant has falsely been implicated. It is submitted that for the alleged occurrence which took place on 15.08.2017, written complaint was given on 20.08.2017 by the mother of the victim. Learned counsel has referred the written complaint given by the informant and thereafter submitted that in the said written complaint, which was given after a period of five days w

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