IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA
Alok Kumar Pandey, J.
Ram Prasad Yadav S/o- Late Ganga Prasad Yadav - Appellant
Versus
The State of Bihar Bihar - Respondent
Criminal Appeal (SJ) No.229 of 2004, Criminal Appeal (SJ) No. 240 of 2004
Decided On : 20-09-2025
Indian Penal Code, 1860 – Section 364 – Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 – Section 313 – Kidnapping – Conviction and sentence – Investigating Officer of this case has not been examined who is the material witness on the point of identifying the place of occurrence – Non examination of Investigating Officer has caused prejudice to accused as defence was deprived of opportunity to confront the officer with contradictions and omissions in witnesses' statements – When place of occurrence itself has not been established, it would not be proper to accept prosecution side – All incriminating circumstances were never put to appellants under Section 313 Cr.P.C. – Role of informant in present case is tainted with mendacity – Inordinate delay of about seventeen days in lodging FIR, remains wholly unexplained either in FIR itself or in any material available on record – Prosecution has failed to prove its case beyond reasonable doubt – Impugned judgment of conviction and order of sentence set aside – Appeal allowed. (Paras 23, 25, 26, 27, 31, 35, 37 and 39)
| Table of Content |
|---|
| 1. proceedings and appeals overview. (Para 1 , 2) |
| 2. factual background of the case. (Para 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8) |
| 3. defense arguments and challenges. (Para 9 , 11 , 12 , 13) |
| 4. trial court's conviction. (Para 10) |
| 5. court's analysis basis for judgment. (Para 14 , 15) |
| 6. witness credibility and inconsistencies. (Para 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20) |
| 7. (Para 21 , 22 , 23) |
| 8. impact of investigation and delay in fir. (Para 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28) |
| 9. importance of section 313 cr.p.c. (Para 29 , 30 , 31 , 32) |
| 10. prosecution failure and basis for appeal. (Para 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38) |
| 11. outcome of the appeals. (Para 39) |
| 12. final order and procedural compliance. (Para 40 , 41 , 42) |
JUDGMENT
Alok Kumar Pandey, J.
Both the above stated appeals have arisen out of same judgment of conviction dated 26.03.2004 and order of sentence dated 29.03.2004 and accordingly they have been heard together and a common judgment is being passed in both the above stated appeals.
2. Heard learned counsel for the appellants and learned A.P.P. for the State.
3. The above stated appeals have been directed against the judgment of conviction dated 26.03.2004 and order of sentence dated 29.03.2004 passed by learned Additional Sessions Judge, Madhepura in Sessions Trial No. 93 of 2001 corresponding to G.R. Case No. 639 of 1999 arising out of Murliganj P.S. Case No. 74 of 1999 whereby and whereunder the appellants have been convicted for the offence punishable under Section 364 of the I.P.C. and have been sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for ten years.
4. According to written report of informant (PW-2), the occurrence is of 04.06.1999 at 4:00 PM whereafter FIR was registered by S.H.O., Murliganj Police Station Madhepura.
5. As per prosecution case, the P.W. 2 who is the informant of the case, narrated the story of prosecution alleging therein that on 04.06.1999 at 4 PM he alongwith his son Rakesh Kumar Yadav @ Baba Ji was sitting on the door, in the meanwhile, Ram Prasad Yadav (appellant in Cr. Appeal SJ No. 229 of 2004) came to his door and on the pretext of some urgent work, took the informant’ son. It is alleged that after some time son of Ram Prasad Yadav, namely, Ajay Kumar Yadav (appellant in Cr. Appeal SJ No. 240 of 2004) was seen proceeding towards Pratapnagar alonwith informant’s son, namely, Rakesh Kumar Yadav. Thereafter, the informant made enquiry from the father of appellant-Ajay Kumar Yadav who disclosed that he sent his son to Pratapnagar for some urgent work and they would be returned back by the evening. It is alleged that when the son of informant did not return in the evening, informant proceeded to Pratapnagar to trace his son and when informant reached Pratapnagar, he saw that in the garden of Maksoodan Singh, co- accused Sukal Yadav had forcibly made informant’s son sit on a Rajdoot motorcycle by showing him a 'three-nut' and threatening him to kill and appellant- Ajay Kumar Yadav was seated behind him on the motorcycle. It is alleged that co-accused Sukal Yadav gave his three-nut to appellant -Ajay Kumar Yadav and told that if victim raises alarm, he would be killed. Thereafter, they proceeded alongiwth the victim towards village Rajni on motorcycle with intention to kidnap. It is further alleged kidnappers were on two motorcycles and three persons were sitting on another motorcycle to whom the informant could not see but claimed to identify after seeing their face. It is alleged that that the occurrence has been witnessed by Badri Yadav (P.W.3), Arbind Yadav (not examined), Vedanand Yadav (P.W.4) and Ramesh Kumar Yadav (P.W.1) and other villagers. It is further alleged that on 04.06.1999 Panchayati had taken place in village Ramni in respect of kidnapping of informant’s son where appellant - Ram Prasad Yadav accepted the factum of kidnapping and assured that he would assist in recovery of his son. On the said assurance, informant waited for three to four days. In the evening of 08.06.1999, informant learnt from some persons tha
The prosecution must prove its case beyond reasonable doubt, and failure to examine the Investigating Officer can result in significant prejudice to the accused, as demonstrated in this case.
A conviction under Section 394 IPC requires evidence of guilt beyond reasonable doubt, which is compromised by significant procedural lapses and inconsistencies in witness statements.
Prosecution must prove intent for kidnapping under Section 366 IPC; mere abduction insufficient for conviction, especially when delays and contradictions in victim's testimony exist.
(1) Delay in transmission of FIR to court, may not, per se, be fatal, without anything more – Where ocular evidence is found to be unreliable and unacceptable, long delay has to be taken note of by C....
Conviction for murder by unlawful assembly sustainable on reliable sole eyewitness to killing, corroborated by medical evidence and abduction witnesses, despite FIR delay, witness non-examination, an....
The court upheld the conviction based on circumstantial evidence, establishing a clear motive and reliable witness testimonies linking the appellant to the murder.
Prosecution must conclusively prove the victim's age and the accused's wrongful conduct to establish kidnapping or abduction under IPC sections 363 and 366.
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