High Court Of Calcutta
SUDHANSHU SEKHAR GANGULY
LICHUBALA BISWAS - Appellant
Versus
JINDAR MONDAL - Respondent
C. O. 1820 Of 1983
Decided On : 09/18/1989
EXECUTION OF DECREE - INTERPRETATION OF DECREE - EXECUTING COURT'S POWER - DECREE FOR JOINT POSSESSION - EXECUTION - EXECUTING COURT'S DUTY TO INTERPRET DECREE AND FIND OUT ITS TRUE EFFECT - DECREE FOR POSSESSION OF 12 ANNAS SHARE IN DISPUTED PROPERTY - INTERPRETATION AS DECREE FOR JOINT POSSESSION - EXECUTION TO BE LIMITED TO SYMBOLICAL POSSESSION OF 12 ANNAS SHARE.
Fact of the Case:
Plaintiffs, heirs of Iman Ali, filed a suit for declaration of their title to the disputed land and for an order of permanent injunction restraining the defendants from disturbing their possession. The defendants claimed that they had been possessing the suit lands since 1950 and had purchased eight annas shares from Jindar and Jalil, two of the plaintiffs, under a power of attorney. The plaintiffs claimed that the power of attorney was not genuine and that Jalil, who was a minor at the time of its execution, had attained majority and had got his name removed from the side of the plaintiffs. The trial court dismissed the suit, holding that the plaintiffs' suit was not maintainable and that the defendants had acquired title to the disputed lands by adverse possession. The appellate court reversed the trial court's decision and decreed the suit in favor of the plaintiffs, holding that the power of attorney was not genuine and that the defendants had not acquired title to the disputed lands by adverse possession.
Finding of the Court:
The court held that the decree passed by the appellate court should be interpreted as a decree for joint possession of the disputed property in respect of the plaintiffs' twelve annas shares therein. The court held that the executing court had the power to interpret the decree and find out its true effect, and that in the context of the peculiar facts of the case and the law as enunciated in Joy Gopal's case (AIR 1935 Cal 646), the decree for possession passed by the appellate court should be interpreted to be a decree for joint possession in the suit-land in respect of their twelve annas shares therein.
Issues: 1. Whether the executing court had the power to interpret the decree and find out its true effect? 2. Whether the decree passed by the appellate court should be interpreted as a decree for joint possession of the disputed property in respect of the plaintiffs' twelve annas shares therein?
Ratio Decidendi: 1. The executing court has the power to interpret the decree and find out its true effect, having regard to the facts established in the suit and the relevant provisions of the law. While interpreting the decree, the executing court may look into the pleadings, judgments, and all the proceedings of the suit. 2. In the context of the peculiar facts of the case and the law as enunciated in Joy Gopal's case (AIR 1935 Cal 646), the decree for possession passed by the appellate court should be interpreted to be a decree for joint possession in the suit-land in respect of their twelve annas shares therein.
Final Decision: The court disposed of the rule accordingly and directed the executing court to proceed to deliver only symbolical possession to the respondents in respect of their twelve annas shares in the disputed property.
( 1 ) THE facts of this case may be started with the following genealogical table:-- it appears that Mohar Ali and Iman Ali were 56 the sixteen annas owners of the disputed properties. Mohar Ali died a bachelor and Iman died leaving his widow Sundari, but no child. Eventually Iman's heirs became the owners of the disputed properties as per (contd. on col. 2) shares mentioned below: -1. Sundari = 0 - 4 annas 2. Sabera = 0 - 4 annas 3. Amena, Jindar, Jalil, Nilmani and Jahura = 0 - 8 annas 1 - 0- 0admittedly during the communal disturbances of 1950, all the abovementioned heirs of Iman Ali left the village and went away to the other side of the border. Sundari, so it appears old her interest in the disputed lands to pro-dfdt. Nos. 5 to 8 and delivered possession to them. The facts up to this stage are admitted by both the sides more or less. The aforementioned heirs of Iman Ali instituted Title Suit No. 296 of 1962 in the First Court of the Munsif at Krishnanagar through one Madar Mondal who held a power of attorney from them dated 7th May, 1962 to sue or to be sued on their behalf, for declaration of their title to the disputed land and for an order of permanent injunction restraining the principal defendants Nos. 1 to 3 disturbing with their possession therein through Madar Mondal. The defence was that the defendants Nos. 1 to 3 had been possessing the suit lands since 1950 and delivering shares of the produce to the heirs of lman Ali. Thereafter on the strength of a power of attorney executed by Jindar and Jalil on 12th Sept. , 1961 authorising the defendant No. 3 Upen, to sell their eight annas shares in the disputed properties on their behalf, the said Upen sold the disputed properties in eight annas shares to the defendants Nos. 1 and 2 by a Kobala dated 1st Nov. , 1962 who have been possessing the said properties by an amicable partition with the pro-dfdt. Nos. 5 to 8, for a period exceeding twelve years thus extinguishing the right of the plaintiffs to recover the possession of disputed properties, if any. The defence also challenged Madar's right to file and continue with the suit, since Amena had died on 18th Nov. , 1962 and Jalil - a minor on the date of the execution of the power of attorney - had attained majority on the date the suit was filed.
( 2 ) THE learned Munsif found the following:-1. Amena was not alive and Jalil who was a minor and represented in the power of attorney by Jindar, attained majority and was made plaintiff No. 7 at his own prayer, and, therefore, Madar's right to sue on the strength of the power of attorney based as it was on the authority given by Amena and on behalf of Jalil stood terminated. So the suit was not maintainable. 2. In view of the sale effected by Upen Biswas, defendant No. 3 in favour of the defendants Nos. 1 and 2 on the strength of the power of attorney executed in his favour by Jinder and Jalil and the sale effected by Sundari in favour of Pro-dfdt. Nos. 5 to 8, the plaintiffs have no subsisting interest in the suit lands. 3. The defendants Nos. 1 and 2 and pro-dfdt. Nos. 5 to 8 have been possessing the suit lands and not Madar on behalf of the plaintiffs as claimed. Finding, therefore, that the plaintiffs have no title or possession in the suit-land, the learned Munsif dismissed the suit. The plaintiff preferred an appeal being T. A. No, 15 of 1969 in the Court of the Additional Subordinate Judge, Nadia. The learned Assistant District Judge who heard the appeal found as follows:-1. Amena was alive and so the power of attorney executed by Amena and others in favour of Madar had not become inoperative. 2. Genuineness of the power of attorney allegedly executed by Jindar and Jalil in favour of the defendant No. 3 has not been proved. The sale deed executed by the defendant No. 3 in favour of defendants Nos. 1 and 2 also, therefore, loses its force. 3. The plaintiffs together, therefore, have twelve annas shares in the suit lands and the remaining
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