SupremeToday Landscape Ad
Back
Next
Judicial Analysis Court Copy Headnote Facts Arguments Court observation
Listen Audio Icon Pause Audio Icon
judgment-img

1998 Supreme(Cal) 91

High Court Of Calcutta
NIRENDRA KRISHNA MITRA, DILIP KUMAR BASU
AMAL KRISHNA ADITYA - Appellant
Versus
GANESH CHANDRA DAS - Respondent
FIRST APPEAL 146  Of  1985
Decided On : 03/02/1998

Advocates Appeared:
AMAL SAHA, M.K.DAS, S.DAS GUPTA, SOMNATH GHOSE

Headnote:

NOTICE TO QUIT - JOINT TENANCY - TENANCY IN COMMON - EFFECT OF SERVICE OF NOTICE ON ONE OF THE JOINT TENANTS OR TENANTS IN COMMON - REPRESENTATION - REASONABLE REQUIREMENT - INTERPRETATION OF SECTION 13 (1) OF THE WEST BENGAL PREMISES TENANCY ACT, 1956.

Fact of the Case:

The plaintiff filed a suit for eviction against the defendant, who was one of the heirs of the deceased tenant, on the ground of reasonable requirement. The plaintiff had served a notice to quit upon the defendant, but the notice was not addressed to the other heirs of the deceased tenant. The defendant contended that the notice was invalid and that the suit was not maintainable as the other heirs of the deceased tenant were not made parties to the suit.

Finding of the Court:

The court held that the notice to quit was valid and that the suit was maintainable. The court found that the heirs of the deceased tenant inherited the tenancy as tenants in common and not as joint tenants. The court also found that the defendant represented the entire tenancy and that the principle of representation applied to the case. The court further held that the plaintiff's requirement for the suit premises was reasonable.

Issues: 1. Whether the notice to quit was valid? 2. Whether the suit was maintainable? 3. Whether the plaintiff's requirement for the suit premises was reasonable?

Ratio Decidendi: 1. A notice to quit may be served upon one of the joint tenants or tenants in common, but it must be addressed to all of them in order to rope in the other joint tenants or tenants in common in the ejectment suit. 2. A suit for eviction against one of the heirs of a deceased tenant is maintainable, even if the other heirs are not made parties to the suit, provided that the notice to quit is addressed to all of the heirs. 3. The principle of representation applies to cases where one of the joint tenants or tenants in common represents the entire tenancy. In such cases, any action taken by the landlord against the representative tenant will bind the other joint tenants or tenants in common. 4. In determining whether a landlord's requirement for a premises is reasonable, the court will consider whether the landlord's requirement would be fulfilled to a considerable extent by getting possession of the disputed premises, or whether the landlord would be in a better position to some extent in comparison with his present accommodation.

Final Decision: The appeal was dismissed and the decree of the trial court was affirmed.

N. K. MITRA, J, J.


( 1 ) THIS appeal has been preferred by the defendant/appellant against the judgment and decree dated 13th February, 1985, passed in favour of the plaintiff/respondent by the learned Judge, VIII Bench, City Civil Court at Calcutta, in Ejectment Suit No. 2 of 976.

( 2 ) THE plaintiff/respondent filed Ejectment Suit No. 2 of 1976 in the City Civil Court at Calcutta against the defendant/appellant for his eviction from one room on the first floor and one room and a kitchen on the second floor of the premises No. 33/c, Haralal Das Lane, Calcutta-700 006, (hereinafter referred to as the 'suit premises') inter alia, on the ground of reasonable requirement.

( 3 ) THE case as made out by the plaintiff/respondent the plaint inter alia, was that the plaintiff/respondent was the owner of the suit premises and the defendant/appellant was a monthly tenant under him in respect of one room on the first floor and one room and a kitchen on the second floor at a rental of Rs. 20/- per month payable according to the English Calendar. The suit premises was reasonably required by the plaintiff/respondent for his own use and occupation and also for the use and occupation of his family members, and that the defendant/appellant had illegally converted the kitchen, which was let out to him, into a living room and had been using the space within his tenancy for cooking purpose, thereby causing damage to the suit premises. In the plaint, the plaintiff/respondent stated further, that his family consisted of 5 (five) members namely, himself, his wife and his three sons aged about 22 years, 20 years and 17 years respectively; that the plaintiff/respondent was in occupation of only one room and a kitchen in the same premises, which was most insufficient and unsuitable to meet the minimum demands of the plaintiff/respondent; that the second and third sons of the plaintiff/respondent were students and they had no living room nor any room for study; that the sons of the plaintiff/respondent lived and resided in one room belonging to the brother of the plaintiff/respondent in the same premises; that the marriage negotiation of the plaintiff/respondent's eldest son was going on, but it could not be materialised for want of accommodation, inasmuch as, in that case, one room would be required for his eldest son alone, and one room was also required by the plaintiff/respondent for using as Thakurghar. The plaintiff/respondent determined the tenancy of the defendant/appellant by a notice to quit but the defendant/appellant failed to comply with the same.

( 4 ) THE defendant/appellant contested the suit by filing written statement denying and disputing the allegations of the plaintiff/respondent as made out in the plaint. In the written statement, it was stated inter alia, that the tenancy of the suit premises previously belonged to Sri Manindra Nath Aditya, the father of the defendant/appellant 3 and on his death, the said tenancy devolved upon his heirs and legal representatives namely, Amal Kanti Aditya, Kamal Kanti Aditya, Mukul Aditya and Chanchal Aditya and since the death of Manindra Nath Aditya, the said heirs are holding the disputed tenancy, as joint tenants. The defendant/appellant also denied the plaintifff/respondent's plea of reasonable requirement of the suit premises and further stated that the occupation available to the plaintiff/respondent in the same premises was more than sufficient. The defendant/appellant also alleged that the ejectment notice was bad in law and the suit as framed was also not maintainable.

( 5 ) SUBSEQUENTLY, the written statement was amended and in the amended written statement, it was stated by the defendant/appellant that Manindra Nath Aditya, the father of the defendant/appellant took tenancy of one room on the first floor and two rooms on the second floor of the suit premises in or about 1943 and the plaintiff/respondent and his other two brothers namely, Kali Das and Krishna Das used to issue rent























































Click Here to Read the rest of this document

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
SupremeToday Portrait Ad
supreme today icon
logo-black

An indispensable Tool for Legal Professionals, Endorsed by Various High Court and Judicial Officers

Please visit our Training & Support
Center or Contact Us for assistance

qr

Scan Me!

India’s Legal research and Law Firm App, Download now!

For Daily Legal Updates, Join us on :

whatsapp-icon Back to top