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2024 Supreme(Cal) 29

IN THE HIGH COURT AT CALCUTTA
ANIRUDDHA ROY, J.
Abhishek Maddunay & Others - Appellant
Versus
The State of West Bengal & Others
- Respondent
W.P.A. No. 12343 of 2023
Decided On : 06-02-2024

Advocates appeared:
For the Petitioners:Gourav Das, Madhumanti Das, Sirsanya Bandyopadhyay, Advocates. For the Respondents:Arka Kumar Nag, Saibal Acharya, Tanweer J. Mandal, Krishnendu Banerjee, Md. Idrish, Ishan Ganguly, Ratul Biswas, Kaushik Chowdhury, Billwadal Bhattacharyya, Arijit Majumdar, Advocates.

The right to livelihood is fundamental, entitling petitioners to compensation for the eight-year delay in employment due to administrative inaction, affirming state's accountability in safeguarding citizens' employment rights.

Headnote:(A) Constitution of India - Article 226 - Employment and Public Interest - Petitioners belonging to OBC and UR categories were successful in 2015 selection process for Lower Division Clerk but were not issued appointment letters due to inaction by the School Council, causing mental agony and loss of employment for eight years - The court emphasized a statutory duty to act promptly and transparently in public recruitment processes. (Paras 27, 30, 31, 43)

(B) Right to Livelihood - The court affirmed that the right to employment is a constitutionally protected interest, and significant delays in issuing appointment letters entitles successful candidates to compensation for loss of livelihood and damages due to negligence. (Paras 19, 21, 44)

Facts of the case:
The petitioners were selected for clerk positions in 2015 but faced prolonged delays in receiving appointment due to lack of action by the then Chair of the Primary School Council, extending their unemployment for eight years. (Paras 1-45)

Findings of Court:
The Court ordered that the respondents pay compensatory damages of Rs. 5 lakhs each to the petitioners, acknowledging their mental distress and unjustified delay in appointment. (Paras 43, 44)

Issues: The court addressed whether the petitioners were entitled to compensation for the prolonged delay in issuing appointment letters and whether the state had failed in its duties.

Ratio Decidendi: The court determined that the inaction of the authorities constituted a breach of the statutory obligation to issue appointment letters and that the aggrieved candidates were rightfully entitled to relief under Article 226, including monetary compensation for the loss of employment. (Paras 27-36)

Result: Respondents ordered to pay Rs. 5 lakhs each to the petitioners within two months. (Para 43)

Table of Content
1. petitioners were candidates for lower division clerk posts. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8)
2. petitioners pursued the matter through legal means. (Para 9 , 10 , 11)
3. court's direction led to appointment letters being issued. (Para 12 , 13 , 14 , 15)
4. respective duties of the educational authorities are discussed. (Para 16 , 17 , 18 , 19)
5. arguments regarding the responsibilities of the authorities. (Para 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25)
6. legal principles concerning compensation for inaction discussed. (Para 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33)
7. implications of negligence by authorities established. (Para 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39)
8. court grants compensation reflective of the harm done. (Para 40 , 41 , 42 , 43)
9. final order disposing of the petition and compensation details. (Para 44 , 45)

JUDGMENT

Facts

1. The first petitioner belongs to Other Backward Classes (for short, OBC-B) and the second petitioner belongs to Exempted Category (Unreserved) candidate.

2. The erstwhile Burdwan District Primary School Council (for short, the Primary School Council), at present Purba Burdwan issued an advertisement for the Post of Lower Division Clerk. One post was reserved for General (EC) and one was reserved for Ex-servicemen with the respective educational qualification mentioned therein.

3. The petitioners participated in a selection process for the post of Lower Division Clerk (LDC) in the year 2015, pursuant to an advertisement issued by the District Primary School Council, Annexure P-2 at page 28 to the writ petition. The petitioners were the successful candidates in the said selection process and were called for interview of June 12, 2015, Annexure P-4 at page 32 to the writ petition. However, no result was published by the Primary School Council and the petitioners were not made known of the fate of their candidatures. The petitioners on February 15, 2016 applied under the Right to Information Act, 2005 on February 15, 2016. From time to time several applications/reminders were submitted by the petitioners, since no reply was given to the petitioners under the Right to Information Act which shall be available at various pages from page 34 to the writ petition.

4. On February 16, 2023 the relevant authority, RTI Cell of the Primary School Council issued a memo requesting the Primary School Council to furnish information to the petitioners in accordance with law, Annexure P-10 at page 47 to the writ petition.

5. By communication dated March 3, 2023, the Deputy Director of School Education requested the Joint Director of School Education for seeking assistance under the RTI Act, 2005 so that necessary information could be furnish to the petitioners, Annexure P-11 at page 48 to the writ petition.

6. The Joint Director of School Education by a communication dated March 29, 2023, Annexure P-12 at page 49 to the writ petition informed as under:

    “In reference to the above, the undersigned informs him that the panels prepared and submitted to West Bengal Board of Primary Education by Burdwan District Primary School Council vide Memo. No. 2080 dated 26/06/2015 and subsequently forwarded to this Directorate vide WBBPE’s No. 984/BPE/2015 dated 30/06/2015 in connection with recruitment of 01(One) L.D. Clerk under OBC-B Category and 01(One) L.D. Clerk under UR-EC Category in Burdwan District Primary School Council were approved by this Directorate vide Memo No. 1308-Sc/P dated 15/12/2015 and sent to the erstwhile Chairman, Burdwan District Primary School Council with a request to issue appointment letter to the candidate from the approved panels strictly following the terms and conditions as mentioned in School Education Department (Primary Branch)’s No. 253-SE(Pry) dated 14.03.2007. The names of Shri Abhishek Maddunay and Shri Sudipta Mukherjee have been empanelled in the cited approved panels under OBC-B Category and UR-EC Category respectively. There is no record available at this Directorate whether the ap

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