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1922 Supreme(Cal) 295

CALCUTTA HIGH COURT
Greaves, J., B.B. Ghose, J.
Radha Krishna Saha & Ors. - Appellant
Versus
Kamal Kamini Debya & Ors. - Respondent
Decided On : 15-02-1922

The court has the inherent power to remand a case under Section 151 of the CPC if it is necessary for the ends of justice, even if not limited to the cases described in Order XLI, Rule 23 or Rule 25.

Headnote:

Remand - Civil Procedure Code - The court allowed the appeal, reversed the lower court's decree, and remanded the case for a de novo trial on a modified issue. The appellate court set aside the lower court's order of remand, stating that it was not made under the provisions of Order XLI, Rule 23, but under the inherent jurisdiction of the court under Section 151 of the CPC. The appeal succeeded, and the order of remand was set aside, leaving the decision on the merits of the case open for reconsideration by the judge.

Fact of the Case:

The plaintiffs sued to establish their title to and for recovery of a certain fishery. The First Court decreed the suit. The Second Court modified one of the issues settled by the First Court and directed a de novo trial on the modified issue.

Finding of the Court:

The court allowed the appeal, reversed the lower court's decree, and set aside the order of remand, leaving the decision on the merits of the case open for reconsideration by the judge.

Issues: The main issue was whether the lower court's order of remand was made under the provisions of Order XLI, Rule 23, or under the inherent jurisdiction of the court under Section 151 of the CPC.

Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the order of remand was not made under the provisions of Order XLI, Rule 23, but under the inherent jurisdiction of the court under Section 151 of the CPC, and therefore set it aside.

Final Decision: The appeal succeeded, the order of remand was set aside, and the decision on the merits of the case was left open for reconsideration by the judge.

JUDGMENT

1. The plaintiffs are the appellants in this appeal and are also the petitioners in the Rule. The plaintiffs sued to establish their title to and for recovery of a certain fishery. The First Court decreed the suit. The Second Court held that the case had not been properly dealt with and modified one of the issues that had been settled by the learned Judge in the First Court and directed that the case should be tried de novo on the modified issue. The order of the lower Court is this: "The appeal is allowed and the decree of the lower Court is reversed. The suit is remanded for a de novo trial of the suit on amendment of Issue No. 6 as mentioned above. The lower-Court is directed to, readmit the suit under its original number in the register of civil suits and to proceed to determine the suit, the evidence recorded during the original trial to be evidenced during the trial after remand. The parties to be at liberty to adduce new evidence in support of their respective cases."

2. A preliminary objection was taken oh behalf of the respondents that this was a remand not under the provisions of Order XLI, Rule 23, of the Code, but that it was a remand under the inherent jurisdiction of the Court under the provisions of Section 151 of the CPC and that no appeal lies. Order. XLI, Rule 23, provides that where the Court from whose decree an appeal is preferred has disposed of the suit upon a preliminary point and the decree is reversed in appeals the Appellate Court may, if it thinks fit, by order remand the case and may further direct what issue or issues shall be fried. It was urged before us on behalf of the respondents that, notwithstanding the terms of the order of the lower Court, this was not an order under the provisions of Order XLI, Rule 23, as the First Court has not disposed of the case upon a preliminary point. Both the learned Vakils for the appellants and respondents agree that the provisions of Order XLI, Rule 25, do not apply as, clearly, the order was not made under the provisions of Order XLI, Rule 25, and on behalf of the respondents it is said that as the remand was not made under Order XLI, Rule 23, which is an appealable order it must, as I have already said, have been made under the provisions of Section 151, and we were referred to the Full Bench decision in the case of Abdul Karim Abu Ahmed Khan Ghaznavi v. Allahabad Bank, Ltd. 41 Ind. Cas. 598 : 44 C. 929 : 26 C.L.J. 49 : 21 C.W.N. 877 it being suggested that the decisions in both the cases of Baseemati Debi v. Taritbasani Dassi 44 Ind. Cas. 416 : 31 C.L.J. 314 and Prosunna Chandra v. Boidya Nath Mistry 56 Ind. Cas. 516 : 31 C.L.J. 360 : 24 C.W.N. 708 must be taken to be in conflict with the Full, Bench case, and it is said, that in both those cases the attention of the Court was not drawn, to the Full Bench decision. It is further urged that the decision in the case of Manx Mohan Mandal v. Ramtaran Mandal 33 Ind. Cas. 329 : 43 C. 148 must be taken to have been overruled by the Full Bench decision, although it does appear that that decision was expressly referred to in the Full Bench case and is not stated to have been overruled. We think the learned Vakil for the respondents has read into the Full Bench case something more than it intended to decide and we think that all that it decides is that the power of remand is not limited to the cases described in Order XLI, Rule 23 or Rule 25, but that the Court has an inherent power to remand u/s 151, if it is necessary for the ends of justice. We think that the learned Judge intended to make his order under the provisions of Order XLI, Rule 23 of the Code although we agree that he had no jurisdiction under the circumstances to make an order thereunder and consequently we think that we must reverse his decision as was done in the case of Mani Mohan Mandal v. Ramtaran Mandal 33 Ind. Cas. 329 : 43 C. 148. We accordingly set aside the Judge's decision and direct that the case be restored to his file and that he

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