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2025 Supreme(Cal) 370

IN THE HIGH COURT AT CALCUTTA
Partha Sarathi Chatterjee, J.
Soumik Bhattacharya & Ors. – Petitioners
Versus
The Hon’ble High Court At Calcutta & Ors. – Respondents
WPO 380 of 2024 With IA No. GA 1 of 2024
Decided On : 07-08-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioner: Mr. Debabrata Saha Roy, Sr. Adv., Mr. Rajdeep Bhattacharya, Mr. Neil Basu
For the Respondent: Mr. Joydip Kar, Sr. Adv., Mr. Tanmoy Chakraborty

Delayed claims in service matters can unsettle settled positions, making them unmaintainable without necessary parties involved.

Headnote:(A) Calcutta High Court Service (Appellate Side) Categorisation of Posts, Channels of Promotion and Principles of Seniority Rules, 1986 - Rule 5(1) and Rule 6(2) - Writ petition for mandamus filed by employees to determine inter se seniority for promotion from Superintendent Grade-II to Assistant Court Officer - Delay in filing petition since 2018 was deemed an inordinate delay barring maintainability - Additionally, necessary parties affected by seniority claims were not joined - Court found petition procedurally defective and therefore dismissed. (Paras 24, 28, 30)

(B) Employment Law - Seniority and Promotion - The court underscored the importance of following established rules for determining inter se seniority and emphasized that delayed claims risk disturbing settled positions within the service structure. (Paras 26, 27)

Facts of the case:
The petitioners, three employees, challenged omissions in seniority determination under the 1986 Rules after promotions in 2018 were allegedly granted in violation of specific regulations. They claimed wrongful disregard of their seniority during subsequent promotions and sought judicial redress.

Findings of Court:
The court concluded that the writ petition was not maintainable due to non-joinder of necessary parties and inordinate delay in filing the petition.

Issues: The primary issues included the maintainability of the writ petition due to delay and the absence of affected parties in the litigation.

Ratio Decidendi: The court established that a significant delay undermines the merit of a claim, especially in service matters where third-party rights may be prejudiced and emphasized that all concerned parties must be included for effective adjudication.

Result: Writ petition dismissed.

Table of Content
1. writ petition for seniority and promotion. (Para 1)
2. factual background of promotions. (Para 2)
3. respondents deny petitioners' claims. (Para 3 , 4 , 5)
4. arguments concerning promotion eligibility. (Para 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10)
5. inter se seniority and promotional rights. (Para 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15)
6. legal precedents on promotion challenges. (Para 16 , 17 , 18)
7. delay in claims can affect third-party rights. (Para 19 , 20 , 21)
8. supplementary affidavits and their legality. (Para 22)
9. criteria for entertaining delayed writ petitions. (Para 23 , 24 , 25 , 26)
10. legal principles on non-joinder of parties. (Para 27 , 28)
11. conclusion on writ petition's maintainability. (Para 29)
12. writ petition dismissed with no costs. (Para 30)

JUDGMENT :

Partha Sarathi Chatterjee, J.

Preface:

1. Three employees of this Hon’ble Court have instituted the present writ petition, praying for the issuance of an appropriate writ, more particularly in the nature of mandamus, directing the concerned respondents to determine their inter se seniority in the cadre of Superintendent Grade-II, with retrospective effect from 30.07.2018 (forenoon). Consequent thereto, they also pray for promotion to the next higher post, namely that of Assistant Court Officer (for short, ACO), being the last common cadre, on the strength of such revised seniority. The petitioners further beseech this Hon’ble Court to direct the re-fixation of their pay and the disbursement of consequential arrears of emoluments accruing from the such re-determination and promotional benefits.

Petitioners’ case:

2. Before delving into the contours of the controversy hovering around the present writ petition, it would be appropriate to first advert to the essential facts, as set out in the writ petition, which led to its institution. Those essential facts are as follows:

i) The petitioners commenced their service career as Lower Division Assistants (for short, LDA) in the Appellate Side Establishment of this Hon’ble Court on 10.12.2001 (forenoon).

ii) In accordance with Rules 3(2) and 6(1) of the Calcutta High Court Service (Appellate Side) Categorisation of Posts, Channels of Promotion and Principles of Seniority Rules, 1986 (for short, the 1986 Rules), petitioner no. 1 is senior to the other two petitioners, and petitioner no. 2 is senior to petitioner no. 3.

iii) Subsequently, in terms of Rules 4 and 5(1) of the 1986 Rules, the petitioners were promoted to the posts of Upper Division Assistant (in short, UDA) in September 2007, January 2008, and 2009, respectively.

iv) On 10.05.2018, the Joint Registrar (General Administration), Appellate Side, issued a notice inviting applications from eligible and interested candidates for 2 (two) vacant posts of Superintendent in the Protocol Department and 1 (one) vacant post of Superintendent at the High Court Judges’ Guest House, Bijan Bhawan, Salt Lake, Kolkata, all in the category of Superintendent Grade-II.

v) The notice dated 10.05.2018 stipulated that employees in the UDA category, irrespective of gender or place of residence, possessing a minimum of 10 years of service experience (inclusive of their tenure as LDA and UDA), were eligible to apply for the said posts. It further contained a stipulation that any applicant not residing in Kolkata or Howrah town would be required to furnish an undertaking to the effect that he would make suitable residential arrangements within Kolkata or Howrah town prior to assuming the post. The notice further instructed the applicants to acquaint themselves with the High Court’s Notifications bearing Nos. 2679A-G.S. dated 19.04.2000 and 3151-G.S. dated 09.05.2000.

vi) The petitioners contend that the notice did not specify that applicants who might be selected would be barred from asserting their inter se seniority in the category of Superintendent Grade-II, nor did it indicate that the provisions of Rules 6(2)(a) and 6(2)(c) of the 1986 Rules would be inapplicable to them. On the contrary, the petition

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