IN THE HIGH COURT OF CHHATTISGARH AT BILASPUR
ARVIND SINGH CHANDEL, J.
Lalit @ Deepak Patel, S/o Ramkrishna Patel - Appellant
Versus
State of Chhattisgarh – Respondent
Criminal Appeal No.614 of 2015
Decided on : 07-09-2023
Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 - Section 20(b)(ii)(C), 55 - Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 - Section 313 – Ganja recovered - Appeal against conviction - Car was searched in which 2 airbags and 2 small bags were found which contained contraband Ganja – Held, Provisions of Section 55 of NDPS Act have not been duly complied with by prosecution - While preparing sample packets two standing orders have also not been complied with and sample packets were prepared contrary to these standing orders - Further, (Ex.P27) also does not contain entries of deposit of sample packets marked as A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2, D1 and D2 - There is also no entry in Malkhana Register to show that sample packets A1, B1, C1 and D1 were taken out from Malkhana itself and sent to FSL for examination - On appreciation of evidence available on record, conviction of Appellant under Section 20(b)(ii)(C) of the NDPS Act is not sustainable and he is entitled to get benefit of doubt - Appellant is acquitted of charge framed against him - Appeal is allowed.
JUDGMENT :
1. The instant appeal has been preferred by the accused against judgment dated 31.1.2015 passed by the Special Judge under the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 (henceforth ‘the NDPS Act’), Jagdalpur in Special Case No.7 of 2014, whereby the accused/Appellant has been convicted and sentenced as under:
Conviction Sentence
Under Section 20(b)(ii)(C) of the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 Rigorous imprisonment for 10 years and fine of Rupees One Lakh, in default of payment thereof, additional rigorous imprisonment for 2 years
2. Case of the prosecution is that on 28.7.2014 Sub-Inspector of Police Station Nagarnar, District Bastar, namely, Vimal Vatti (PW10) received information from an informant that one person keeping Ganja in Maruti 800 Car bearing registration No.CG 04 B 2472 was coming from Bajawand to Jagdalpur. He prepared Mukhbir Suchana Panchnama (Ex.P2). In compliance of Section 42 of the NDPS Act the information was forwarded to the higher officers vide Ex.P3. On completion of other formalities, he reached the spot along with other staff members. The Maruti 800 Car was stopped. The said car was being driven by the Appellant. After giving him a notice under Section 50 of the NDPS Act, his personal search was made by Sub-Inspector Vimal Vatti (PW10) in which nothing was found. Thereafter, the car was searched in which 2 airbags and 2 small bags were found which contained contraband Ganja. In one airbag 8 kgs. Ganja and in the other airbag 12 kgs. Ganja was found. In one small bag 4 kgs. Ganja and in the other small bag 2 kgs. Ganja was found. Total 26 kgs. Ganja was found in total 4 bags. The same was recovered vide Ex.P16. The recovered Ganja was mixed and thereafter total 8 sample packets, namely, A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2, D1 and D2 each containing 50 grams of Ganja were prepared. All the sample packets were sealed and a specimen seal panchnama (Ex.P20) was prepared. The recovered material was seized. On completion of other formalities on the spot, Sub-Inspector Vimal Vatti (PW10) returned to Police Station Nagarnar and deposited all the seized articles in the Malkhana of the police station. Acknowledgment of the deposit of the seized articles is Ex.P36C. Dehati Nalishi (Ex.P38) was also recorded. Information of the entire proceedings was sent to the higher officer vide Ex.P6. 4 sample packets, which were marked as A1, B1, C1 and D1, were sent to the Forensic Science Laboratory (FSL) for chemical examination. Report of the FSL is Ex.P41. The FSL found the substance to be Ganja. On completion of the investigation, a charge-sheet was filed. Charge was framed against the Appellant. To rope in the Appellant, the prosecution examined as many as 10 witnesses. In examination under Section 313 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, the Appellant denied the guilt. No witness was examined in defence. On completion of the trial, the Trial Court convicted and sentenced the Appellant as mentioned in first paragraph of this judgment. Hence, the instant appeal.
3. Learned Counsel appearing for the Appellant submitted that without there being any sufficient and clinching evidence on record the Trial Court convicted the Appellant. The prosecution has totally failed to prove its case beyond all reasonable doubts. It was further argued that the provisions of Section 55 of the NDPS Act have not been duly complied with. The Malkhana Register (Ex.P27) shows that total 8 sample packets were deposited in the Malkhana, but, those deposited packets were marked as A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2, D1 and D2 is not mentioned in the Malkhana Register. Likewise, there is entry in the Malkhana Register regarding sending of 4 sample packets to the FSL for examination, but, those packets were marked as A1, B1, C1 and D1 is not mentioned in the said register. Therefore, it creates a doubt whether the 8 packets deposited in the Malkhana were marked as A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2, D1 and D2 and whether the 4 sample packets se
The court upheld the conviction under section 20 (b) (ii) (c) of the Act of 1985 despite discrepancies in evidence and compliance with standing orders.
Non-compliance with procedural requirements under the NDPS Act, specifically Section 52A, can lead to the exclusion of seized contraband as valid evidence in trial.
Non-compliance with Section 52A of the NDPS Act, requiring samples to be drawn and certified by a Magistrate, vitiates the trial as it fails to produce primary evidence.
Strict adherence to procedural requirements in the NDPS Act is essential for securing convictions; failure to follow these mandates can lead to acquittal.
Non-compliance with the sampling procedure may affect the prosecution's case, but the final determination of the sampling's validity should be made during the trial.
Prosecution must adhere to strict evidential procedures in NDPS Act cases; failure undermines the conviction. In this case, inconsistencies in evidence and chain of custody led to acquittal.
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