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2024 Supreme(Chh) 739

IN THE HIGH COURT OF CHHATTISGARH AT BILASPUR
Ramesh Sinha, C.J. Ravindra Kumar Agrawal, J.
Thanda Ram Sidar S/o Banshilal Sidar - Petitioner
Versus
State of Chhattisgarh Through Station House Officer - Respondent
CRA No. 595 of 2024
Decided On : 22-07-2024

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant :Mr. Gurudev I. Sharan along with Mr. Shubham Dewangan and Ms. Seema Verma, Advocates
For the Respondent: Mr. Malay Jain, Panel Lawyer

The court affirmed the importance of credible evidence in sexual offense cases against minors while upholding the conviction for unlawful abduction but not for rape due to lack of proof.

Headnote:(A) Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 - Section 374(2) - Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Sections 363, 366, and 506 - Protection of Children from Sexual Offenses Act, 2012 - Section 4(2) - Conviction and sentencing of appellant for kidnapping and abuse of a minor - Conviction under Section 363 upheld, while convictions under Sections 366 and 4(2) quashed citing insufficient evidence. (Paras 27, 28)

(B) Age of Victim - Importance of determining the age of the victim based on official records and guidelines per POCSO Act - The date of birth on the Dakhil Kharij Register is deemed conclusive. (Paras 9, 11, 12)

(C) Burden of Proof - Prosecution must establish intent to abduct for illicit purposes under relevant sections; mere abduction not enough to support allegations of sexual assault. (Paras 18, 24)

(D) Evidence Assessment - Court emphasizes the need for credible evidence to prove charges of rape and abduction; failure to provide such evidence leads to acquittal on specific charges. (Paras 20, 25) (E) Legal Principles - Court's interpretation reinforces that in cases involving sexual offenses against minors, each accusation must be substantiated with clear evidence of the crime. (Para 26)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner appealed the conviction for the alleged kidnapping and sexual assault of his relative, a minor, through various incidents involving threats and physical relations. (Paras 1-4)

Findings of Court:
The Court found sufficient evidence to sustain the conviction for kidnapping but not for the sexual assault charges; thus modified the sentence accordingly. (Paras 26-28)

Issues: Whether the trial court correctly identified the victim's age and if the appellant's actions constituted the offences as charged. (Paras 8-12)

Ratio Decidendi: The determination of a child's age is critical under POCSO; charges of abduction must establish intent for illicit intercourse, which was not proved in this case. (Paras 9, 26)

Result: Conviction upheld for Section 363 IPC; convictions under Sections 366 IPC and Section 4(2) POCSO quashed.

Table of Content
1. overview of convictions and factual background (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4)
2. arguments regarding false implication and contradictions (Para 5 , 6)
3. consideration of minors' age in legal context (Para 7 , 8 , 9)
4. determining age of the victim via statutory guidelines (Para 10 , 11 , 16)
5. analysis of kidnapping under ipc definitions (Para 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 18 , 20)
6. assessment of rape allegations and evidentiary requirements (Para 17 , 19 , 21 , 22)
7. intent and requirement for abduction to prove section 366 ipc (Para 23 , 24 , 25)
8. final convictions and acquittals (Para 26 , 27 , 28)
9. order of transmission for trial court action (Para 29 , 30)

JUDGMENT :

Ramesh Sinha, CJ.

1. The appellant has preferred this appeal under Section 374(2) of Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (for short, ‘CrPC’) questioning the impugned judgment dated 28.02.2024 passed by the learned Special Judge (POCSO Act), Mahasamund, District - Mahasamund in Special Session Trial No. H-08/2023, whereby the trial Court has convicted and sentenced the appellant with a direction to run all the sentences concurrently in the following manner :

CONVICTIONSENTENCE
U/s 363 of IPCR.I. for 5 years and fine of Rs.1,000/-, in default of payment of fine additional imprisonment for 1 month
U/s 366 of IPCR.I. for 7 years and fine of Rs.2,000/-, in default of payment of fine additional imprisonment for 2 months
U/s 4(2) of the POCSO ActR.I. for 20 years and fine of Rs. 10,000/, in default of payment of fine additional imprisonment for 6 months
U/s 506 Part-2 of IPC R.I. for 01 year and fine of Rs.1,000/-, in default of payment of fine additional imprisonment for 1 month

2. Case of the prosecution, in brief, is that, complainant Mayadhar Sidar (PW-2), who is the father of the victim, lodged a report in the Sankara Police Station on 29.11.2022 that on the night of 17.11.2022, accused - Thandaram Sidar, who is his distant relative, after alluring his minor daughter, aged 14 years, took her away on his motorcycle and after searching for the victim, he went to his house, pacified his daughter and brought her back home. After a few days, on 28.11.2022, when Thandaram again abducted his daughter and was fleeing away, he was stopped by his wife and Dhaneshwar Pareshwar, then the accused threatened them to kill by saying that he would abduct his daughter and take her away. On the report of the complainant, First Information Report was registered in Sankara Police Station under Sections 363 , 506 IPC under Crime Number 217/2022. During investigation, the victim told during interrogation that on 24.10.2022, she and her younger siblings were at home, then Thandaram came to their house, when her siblings went out of the house to play, Thandaram threatened her and established forceful physical relations with her and threatened to kill her if she told the incident to anyone. On the night of 17.11.2022, the accused lured her and took her to his village on a motorcycle. The next day his parents brought her back home. After this, Thandaram used to call her and threaten her, "Come with me, otherwise I will kill your family." After that, on 28.11.2022, Thandaram was again trying to take her away, when her parents caught him. On the basis of the statement of the accused, the offense of Sections 366 , 376 of INDIAN PENAL CODE and Section 6 of Protection of Children from Sexual Offenses Act, 2012 was added. After obtaining consent from the victim and her father, the victim’s genitals were examined by the doctor. Vaginal slides and underwear obtained after examining the private parts of the victim were confiscated. The accused was arrested and his medical examination was also done. A visual map of the incident site was prepared by the Police and Patwari. The slides and underwear seized in the case were sent to the Forensic Science Laboratory for testing. Thereafter, after recording the statements of the witnesses and completing the investigation process, the charge sheet was presented in

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