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2025 Supreme(Chh) 445

IN THE HIGH COURT OF CHHATTISGARH AT BILASPUR
RAJANI DUBEY, AMITENDRA KISHORE PRASAD, JJ.
Sirti Darro @ Surjeet Singh Darro S/o Mehturam Darro – Appellant
Versus
State of Chhattisgarh – Respondent
CRA No. 1401 of 2019
Decided On : 02-09-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant : Mukesh Shrivastava
For the Respondent: Devesh G. Kela

Burden of proof lies with prosecution to establish all aspects of an offense, particularly the minor status of the victim, which affects the conviction under sexual assault laws.

Headnote:(A) Code of Criminal Procedure 1973 - Section 374(2) - Indian Penal Code 1860 - Sections 363, 366, 506(Part-II), 376(1) - Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act 2012 - Section 4 - Conviction and sentencing for offenses against minor - Trial Court convicted the appellant under multiple sections of IPC and POCSO Act, sentencing him to a total of 24 years imprisonment with fines for the offences - However, upon appeal, the court found the prosecution failed to prove the prosecutrix was a minor, thus altering the conviction for Section 376(3) of IPC to Section 376(1) - The appellant's conviction under Sections 363, 366, and 506(Part-II) upheld with existing sentences. (Paras 1-25)

(B) Evidence - Burden of proof - Prosecution must present credible evidence to establish essential elements of the case, particularly the age of the prosecutrix and the nature of the alleged crime - Contradictions in witness testimonies and lack of conclusive proof regarding age led to mitigating factors in the court's judgment. (Paras 14-16)

(C) Sentencing - Consideration of time served - The appellant entitled to set off for detention period under applicable law due to time served since arrest. (Para 28)

Facts of the case:
Appellant accused of kidnapping and sexually assaulting the prosecutrix on January 1, 2019. The trial revealed inconsistencies in proof of age and conflicting witness statements.

Findings of Court:
While the trial court’s conviction was based on trustworthiness of evidence, the appellate court found lack of conclusive evidence regarding the prosecutrix's age.

Issues: Whether the prosecutrix was a minor at the time of the alleged incident and whether the conviction was warranted based on the available evidence.

Ratio Decidendi: The appellate court ruled that prosecution failed to prove the prosecutrix was underage, necessitating an alteration of the conviction from Section 376(3) to Section 376(1), while affirming convictions under other sections.

Result: Appeal partly allowed; conviction under Section 376(3) altered to Section 376(1) with 10 years RI sentence.

Table of Content
1. appeal filed against conviction and sentence. (Para 1)
2. factual background of the case. (Para 2 , 3 , 4)
3. arguments presented by the appellant and state counsel. (Para 5 , 6)
4. clarification on the burden of proof for minor's age. (Para 15 , 16)
5. court’s analysis of evidence regarding guilt. (Para 17 , 18 , 19 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25)
6. final order and sentences imposed. (Para 26 , 27 , 28 , 29)

JUDGMENT :

RAJANI DUBEY, J.

1. This appeal under Section 374(2) of Cr.P.C. has been filed by the appellant against the judgment of conviction and order of sentence dated 30.08.2019 passed by learned Additional Sessions Judge (FTC) & Special Judge (Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012), North Bastar Kanker (C.G.) in Special Criminal Case (POCSO Act) No. 09/2019 whereby, the trial Court convicted the appellant for the offence punishable under Sections 363, 366, 506 (Part-II), 376 (3) of IPC and Section 4 of POCSO Act however keeping in view the provision under Section 42 of POCSO Act, he is sentenced as under:-

ConvictionSentence
U/s 363 of IPCR.I. for 3 years and fine of Rs.1000/- in default of payment of fine amount, to undergo additional R.I. for 3 months
U/s 366 of IPCR.I. for 6 years and fine of Rs.1000/- in default of payment of fine amount, to undergo additional R.I. for 6 months
U/s 506 (Part-2) of IPCR.I. for 3 years and fine of Rs.1000/- in default of payment of fine amount, to undergo additional R.I. for 3 months
U/s 376(3) of IPCR.I. for 20 years and fine of Rs.50,000/- in default of payment of fine amount, to undergo additional R.I. for 1 year

2. Case of the prosecution, in brief, is that on 03.01.2019, the father of the complainant/prosecutrix lodged an oral report at the Police Station- Kanker to the effect that there is a Laadi near his field, where there is a granary and after cutting the paddy crop, they had kept it in the granary and were threshing the paddy there. His wife, daughter/prosecutrix and son were staying with him in the granary Laadi. On 01.01.2019, at about 10-11 am, they had gone to the village with their family from Laadi to deliver paddy by buffalo cart. His daughter/prosecutrix was alone in the Laadi and after delivering the paddy, they had reached between 12:00-2:00 pm and after having dinner in the evening, they went to sleep with the family in the laadi. On the next day i.e. on 02.01.2019, his wife told him that Sirti Dar, a resident of Salehamat, took the prosecutrix to the forest near their laadi and committed forcible rape on her by intimidating her and threatening to kill her. On being asked, the prosecutrix narrated the same to her father. On the basis of said report, a case was registered for the offence punishable under Sections 376 and 506 of IPC against the appellant and FIR (Ex.P/5) was registered and as the incident occurred in Amabeda police station area, the case was transferred to Police Station- Amabeda. During investigation, the police prepared the spot map of the incident vide Ex.P/1 and the Patwari prepared the Nazri Map vide Ex.P/31 and Panchnama was prepared as per Ex.P/32 and sent the same to the Tehsildar. Thereafter, Medical examination of the prosecutrix was got done vide Ex.P/7. X-ray of the prosecutrix was done for determination of her age. Before the Judicial Magistrate First Class Bhanupratappur, the statement of the prosecutrix was recorded under Section 164 Cr.P.C. vide Ex.P/2. The seizures were made vide seizure memo (Ex.P/8, P/9. P/16, P/23 and P/25). The accused has been arrested vide arrest memo (Ex.P/26). The statements of the witnesses were recorded. The seized properties in the case were sent to the Regional Forensic Science Laboratory, Jagdalpur for chemical examination and the FSL report was obtained. After completion of usual investigation, charge-sheet was filed before the learned trial Court for the offence punishable under Sections 376, 506, 376(3), 363 and 366 of IPC. The learned trial Court framed the charges under Sections 363,

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