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2020 Supreme(Del) 1468

IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI
Manmohan, Sanjeev Narula, JJ.
Vianaar Homes Private Limited - Appellant
Versus
Assistant Commissioner (circle-12), Central Goods & Services Tax, Audit-ii, Delhi & Ors. - Respondent
Writ Petition (Civil) No. 2245 of 2020; Civil Miscellaneous Application No. 7832 of 2020
Decided On : 03-11-2020

Advocates Appeared:
Raghvendra Singh, Advocate, Harpreet Singh, Advocate

Headnote:(A) Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 - Section 174(2)(e) - Service Tax Rules, 1994 - Audit proceedings - Challenge to audit conducted post-CGST enactment on grounds of lack of authority and jurisdiction dismissed - Court found that audit powers under the Service Tax Rules survive due to the saving provisions in the CGST Act, enabling investigation into past dues. (Paras 13, 19, 23)

(B) Jurisdictional authority - The officers assigned duties under the CGST Act are deemed to be Central Excise officers and retain the authority to carry out upstream audits following the transitional provisions of the CGST Act. (Paras 31, 32)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner, a construction company, contested the validity of audit actions taken by authorities under the Service Tax Rules after July 2017, asserting that the rules no longer held weight due to the enactment of the CGST Act.

Findings of Court:
The Court established that the audit proceedings initiated were lawful under the CGST Act's saving provisions, enabling ongoing and fresh investigations related to the erstwhile service tax regime.

Issues: The key issues included the validity of Rule 5A of the Service Tax Rules post-CGST Act enactment and the authority of officers conducting the audit.

Ratio Decidendi: The Court reasoned that Section 174(2)(e) of the CGST Act preserves the authority to conduct audits under preceding laws, and the interpretation of legislative intent ensures that lost powers are not reinstated without explicit provisions.

Result: Petition dismissed.

Table of Content
1. jurisdictional challenge regarding tax audit (Para 1 , 2)
2. contentions of the parties about the legitimacy of rule 5a (Para 3 , 4 , 5)
3. analysis of aargus global judgment (Para 6 , 7)
4. judicial precedents on the saving of subordinate legislation (Para 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14)
5. application of section 24 of the general clauses act (Para 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24)
6. authority of central excise officers post-gst (Para 31 , 32)
7. scope of audit/verification proceedings under rule 5a (Para 33)
8. dismissal of the petition (Para 34)

JUDGMENT

Sanjeev Narula, J. - By way of the present petition, a challenge is laid to the jurisdiction, authority and legality of the action of the Respondents initiated in terms of Rule 5A of the SERVICE TAX RULES , 1994, read with Section 174 (2)(e) of the Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 [hereinafter referred to as the "CGST Act" ], for conducting audit/verification of documents and records at the business premises of the Petitioner for the period of F.Y. 2014-15 to 2016-17 (up to June 2017) or for the period since last audited [hereinafter referred to as "the disputed period" ].

    Brief facts:

2. As averred in the petition, the facts of the case in brief are that the Petitioner is a company engaged in the business of construction of residential complexes since its incorporation on 25.05.2013. The Petitioner claims to be a regular and timely taxpayer under both the Service Tax and GST regime. It has never been subjected to any general or special audit by either the Service Tax or the GST authorities. Petitioner''s books of accounts and business are subjected to, among other things, statutory audit in terms of the COMPANIES ACT , 2013 and the Income Tax Act, 1961. On 21.01.2020, officers of Central Goods and Service Tax, Audit-II visited the business premises of the Petitioner, directed the production of certain documents and sought information in relation to the disputed period. In addition thereto, the officers also demanded information pertaining to several group companies of the Petitioner. Despite Petitioner''s compliance with the above and submission of the requisite information, the officers visited the business premises again on 17.02.2020 as well as 24.02.2020. Their conduct exhibits the intention to continue with the visits, conduct audit/verification proceedings, and give further directions for production of documents and information.

3. Aggrieved with the aforesaid action, the Petitioner has challenged, interalia the letter dated 01.11.2019 by virtue whereof the Respondents have commenced the audit/verification, on the ground that the same is void ab initio, being wholly without jurisdiction as well as without any statutory or legal authority. The primary hypothesis for assailing the action of the Respondents is founded on the premise that w.e.f. 01.07.2017, by the advent of the CGST Act, the Respondents cannot take recourse to a subordinate legislation (i.e. Rule 5A SERVICE TAX RULES , 1994) framed under Chapter V on the FINANCE ACT , 1994, which, by virtue of Section 173 of CGST Act, stands omitted. According to the Petitioner, the repeal and saving provision viz. Section 174 does not specifically save Rule 5A of the SERVICE TAX RULES , 1994. Without prejudice to the afore-noted contention, it is contended that the saving provision and Section 6 of the GENERAL CLAUSES ACT , 1897 saves only those cases where the obligation / liability stood incurred or accrued prior to the date of repeal. The duty, tax etc. that is within contemplation of the saving clause is only that which falls within the ambit of Section 72 & 73 of the FINANCE ACT , 1994. Section 5A proceedings are in the nature of a roving enquiry that would not result in tax becoming due, and therefore cannot be resorted to in the facts of the present case.

    Contentions of the parties:

4. On 16.09.2020, the Petitioner''s application for early hearing (C.M. No. 22774/2020) was listed. At that stage,

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