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2022 Supreme(Del) 167

IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI
Prathiba M. Singh, J.
Union Bank Of India & Anr. - Appellants
Versus
Sh D.C. Chaturvedi & Anr. - Respondents
W.P.(C) 4486/2021 & CM APPL. 13708/2021 and W.P.(C) 4604/2021 & CM APPL. 14086/2021
Decided On : 24-03-2022

Advocates Appeared:
Mr. Rajat Arora, Advocate, for the Appellant, Mr. Atul Tripathi, Advocate For R-1. Mr. Ajay Digpaul, Cgsc And Mr. Kamal R Digpaul, Advocate, for the Respondent.

Headnote:

The court held that the forfeiture of gratuity by the bank under section 4(6)(a) of the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 is clearly not justifiable. However, in the peculiar facts and circumstances of these cases, considering the delay in filing the claim of Employee No.1 and the factual background leading to the forfeiture in the case of Employee No.2, it is held that interest would not be liable to be paid by the bank for the period from the date of termination till the date of application filed by each of the employees before the Controlling Authority.

Fact of the Case:

In both cases, the employees were dismissed from service for alleged misconduct and the bank forfeited their gratuity. The employees challenged the forfeiture before the Controlling Authority and the Appellate Authority under the Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972. The authorities held that the forfeiture was justified, but the High Court set aside the orders and remanded the matter back to the Appellate Authority for reconsideration.

Finding of the Court:

The court held that the bank did not comply with the mandatory requirements of issuing a proper notice, quantifying the loss caused to the bank, and providing an opportunity of hearing to the employees before forfeiting their gratuity. The court also held that the delay in filing the claim for gratuity by the employees cannot be a ground for denying them the payment of gratuity, but it can be considered while determining the interest payable on the gratuity amount.

Issues: 1. Whether the bank complied with the mandatory requirements of issuing a proper notice, quantifying the loss caused to the bank, and providing an opportunity of hearing to the employees before forfeiting their gratuity? 2. Whether the delay in filing the claim for gratuity by the employees can be a ground for denying them the payment of gratuity?

Ratio Decidendi: The court relied on several precedents to hold that the bank was required to issue a proper notice, quantify the loss caused to the bank, and provide an opportunity of hearing to the employees before forfeiting their gratuity. The court also held that the delay in filing the claim for gratuity by the employees cannot be a ground for denying them the payment of gratuity, but it can be considered while determining the interest payable on the gratuity amount.

Final Decision: The court set aside the orders of the Controlling Authority and the Appellate Authority and remanded the matter back to the Appellate Authority for reconsideration in accordance with the directions given by the court.

JUDGMENT

1. This pronouncement has been done through hybrid conferencing.

Facts in W.P.(C) 4486/2021

2. The Respondent herein- Mr. D.C. Chaturvedi, was an employee of the Petitioner Bank Union Bank of India (hereinafter 'Bank'). A charge sheet was issued against him on 7th November, 1994, alleging that loans were issued by him accommodating certain parties which caused losses to the Bank. A show cause notice was issued and, thereafter, an Inquiry Officer was appointed. The report of the Inquiry Officer held the Respondent/Employee (hereinafter 'Employee No.1') guilty of the charges levelled against him. Accordingly, the Disciplinary Authority of the Bank vide order dated 21st August, 1998 imposed the penalty of dismissal on Employee No.1. The relevant extract of the dismissal order passed by the Disciplinary Authority is set out herein below:

    'The inquiry record proves that three tractor loans and several crop loans were raised in fictitious names. The complaints of the real persons are on the records denying availment of loans in their names. It further strengthened the allegations that such tractor loans were adjusted within a period of 3 to 4 months after sanction. Had the borrowers so much of funds to repay the Bank loans of Rs. 1,30,000/- to Rs. 1,70,000/- within a period of 3 to 4 months then there was no need for them to avail loans after going through the cumbersome procedure. However, the fact is that such loans were adjusted within 3 to 4 months instead the longer period of say 5 to 7 years generally taken for repayment of such loans. The loan applications/papers had number of irregularities and were not complete in all respects. Before sanctioning such loans, had Shri Chaturvedi taken due care as regards establishment of identity of borrowers as also the completion of formalities/papers/documents, the true things would have come to light. However, he did not do so but sanctioned loans in fictitious names in haste without even thinking that the huge funds of the Bank were being put to stake. Considering the vital issue from various angles, I am of the view that Shri Chaturvedi did not discharge his duty with integrity. Once the aspect of integrity is under cloud, such employee cannot be said to be honest and therefore I am of the opinion that he has failed to perform his duties with honesty and integrity.

    Considering the nature and gravity of the misconducts proved against Shri Chaturvedi, I am of the opinion that the punishment of dismissal, if imposed on Shri Chaturvedi, would be just and proper. In pursuance of the powers vested in terms of Regulation 7 of the Union Bank of India Officer Employees' (Discipline & Appeal) Regulations, 1976, I pass the following order:

    ORDER

    Shri D. C. Chaturvedi be and is hereby dismissed from the service of the Bank with immediate effect"

    3. In the appeal filed against the order of the Disciplinary Authority, the Appellate Authority of the Bank went through the entire record, examined the charges and upheld the penalty imposed. The operative portion of the Appellate Authority's order dated 30th December, 1999 is set out below:

      "... I am, therefore, of the opinion that the punishment of dismissal from the services of the Bank with immediate effect imposed on the Appellant by the Disciplinary Authority by holding him guilty of all the charges levelled against him including that of failure to discharge his duties with honesty and integrity is just and proper to meet the ends of justice and I do not find any reason to interfere with the same. Similarly, the contention of the appellant that he should be paid salary for the period of his suspension is not tenable as he has been found guilty of the charges levelled against him and has been punished suitably for the same. The appeal dated 15.10.98 of Shri D.C. Chaturvedi is therefore rejected."

      4. Thereafter, vide inter-office memo dated 27th June, 2002 the gratuity of Employee No.1 was forfeited. The same was supposed to be communicated to the Empl

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