IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI
Navin Chawla, J.
Saroj Bahl – Appellant
Versus
Sushma Baatra & Ors. – Respondents
TR.P.(C.) 32 of 2022 & CM APPL. 22201 of 2022
Decided On : 25-08-2023
Transfer of Civil Suit - Transfer of Suit - Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 - Order VII Rule 11 - CS(OS) No.1099 of 2013 - SCJ/538091/2016 - 23.10.1982 Release Deed - 03.02.1977 Will - 16.01.2014 Will
Fact of the Case:
The petitioner sought transfer of a Civil Suit pending before the Court of the learned Senior Civil Judge (North), Rohini Courts, to be tried along with another suit filed in 2013. The issues framed in the suit pending before the High Court were on the validity and enforceability of certain documents, which were also in challenge in the suit filed by the petitioner.
Finding of the Court:
The Court found that as the same documents were the subject matter of the two suits, it would be in the interest of justice to transfer the suit filed by the petitioner to avoid any conflict in the findings of two courts. The Court also clarified that the transfer would have no effect on the application pending adjudication before the learned District Court and that all contentions of the respondents/defendants in the suit filed and pending before the learned District Court shall remain open to them.
Issues: The issues included the validity and enforceability of the 23.10.1982 Release Deed, the 03.02.1977 Will, and the 16.01.2014 Will.
Ratio Decidendi: The Court's decision was influenced by the need to avoid any conflict in the findings of two courts regarding the validity and enforceability of the documents in question.
Final Decision: The Civil Suit titled Dr. Saroj Bahl v. Smt. Sushma Baatra & Ors. was transferred from the Court of the learned Senior Civil Judge (North), Rohini Courts, to be listed along with CS(OS) No.1099 of 2013.
JUDGMENT
Navin Chawla, J. (Oral)
1. This petition has been filed by the petitioner seeking transfer of the Civil Suit bearing No.SCJ/538091/2016 titled Saroj Behl v. Sushma Baatra & Ors. pending adjudication before the Court of the learned Senior Civil Judge (North), Rohini Courts, to this Court, to be tried along with CS(OS) No.1099 of 2013 titled Mr.Chaman Kumar Mehra & Ors. v. Mrs.Gian Devi Mehta & Ors.
2. The learned counsel for the petitioner submits that the issues framed in the suit pending before the High Court are also on whether the registered release deed dated 23.10.1982 allegedly executed by the petitioner herein, and the Will dated 03.02.1977, allegedly executed by Late Sh.Laxman Das Mehta, and the Will dated 16.01.2014 executed by Late Smt.Gian Devi Mehta are valid and enforceable. The learned counsel for the petitioner submits that same documents are in challenge in the suit filed by the petitioner and pending adjudication before the learned Senior Civil Judge (North), Rohini Courts, of which transfer is prayed for. He submits that, therefore, it would be in the interest of justice that the two suits are tried together.
3. On the other hand, the learned counsel for the respondent nos.1 and 2 submits that the said respondents have filed an application under Order VII Rule 11 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (in short `CPC') seeking dismissal of the suit filed by the petitioner. He submits that the present petition has been filed only to scuttle the adjudication of the said application and, therefore, is an abuse of the process of law. He submits that the suit before this Court was filed in the year 2013, while the suit filed by the petitioner before the learned District Court was filed in the year 2016. The petitioner has not shown any cause to explain the delay in filing of the present petition.
4. The learned counsel for the respondent no.3 submits that all the parties to the suit pending before this Court, have not been made parties in the present petition. He submits that the plaintiff no.1 in the suit pending before this Court, namely Sh.Chaman Kumar Mehta, is not a party to the present petition. He further submits that the suit filed by the petitioner, pending adjudication before the learned District Court, is not maintainable and, therefore, the present petition should not be allowed.
5. He further submits that the suit filed by the petitioner before the learned District Court had been dismissed earlier for non- prosecution. It was restored, subject to payment of cost of Rs.8,000/-. He submits that the cost has not been paid by the petitioner and, therefore, the suit is still not restored.
6. The learned counsel for the petitioner in rejoinder disputes the above statement and submits that the cost has been duly paid.
7. I have considered the submissions made by the learned counsels for the parties.
8. This Court, vide its order dated 03.08.2022, passed in CS(OS) no.1099/2017, has framed inter alia the following issues:
" xxxx
(iv) Whether the registered Release Deed dated 23.10.1982 executed by Smt. Reshma Mehra and Mrs. Saroj Behl along with Shashi Kumar Mehta and Sushma Batra in favour of Smt. Gian Devi Mehta deceased Defendant No.1 is null and void? OPP
(v) Whether Late Shri Laxman Dass Mehta bequeathed his entire movable and immovable assets in favour of Late Smt. Gian Devi Mehta deceased defendant No.1 vide registered Will dated 03rd February, 1977?
OPD 3 & 4
xxxx
(ix) Whether the Will dated 16.01.2014 of Late Smt. Gian Devi Mehta is valid and enforceable?
OPD 3 & 4."
9. The Civil Suit filed by the petitioner before the learned District Court prays for the following reliefs:
"(a) A decree of declaration whereby declaring the Release Deed dated 23.10.1982 and the alleged General Power of Attorney as stated in aforesaid Release Deed; and Will dated 16.1,2014 and Will dated 3.2.1977, in respect of property bearing No.K-1/41, Model Town, Delhi, to be null and void and be not binding on the plaintiff
The central legal point established in the judgment is the need to avoid conflicting findings of two courts regarding the validity and enforceability of the documents in question.
Transfer of suits under Section 24 of CPC requires clear similarity of cause of action or parties; advanced stage of trial weighs against transfer.
Consolidation of related proceedings to avoid conflicting judgments and multiplicity of litigation when common issues arise.
The main legal point established in the judgment is the court's discretion to transfer suits to avoid conflicting judgments and ensure the interest of justice.
The court emphasizes the need for consolidating related suits to ensure efficient justice and avoid contradictory judgments, highlighting the necessity of Section 24 of the Code of Civil Procedure.
The court has the power to transfer cases from one court to another subordinate court under Section 24 of the Code of Civil Procedure in the interest of justice.
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