IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI
Navin Chawla, J.
National Insurance Co. Ltd. - Appellant
Versus
Ravi Prakash Mishra - Respondent
MAC App. 576/2018 & CM Appl. 25627/2018 & CM Appl. 46203/2019
Decided On : 02-11-2023
Motor Accident Claims Tribunal - Liability under Act Policy - Sec. 147(1) of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 - Sec. 147(1) of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 - The judgment discusses the liability of the insurance company under the Act policy and the limits of liability in case of a motor vehicle accident. It interprets the provisions of Sec. 147(1) and its proviso, and the implications for the liability of the insurance company. The court's decision is influenced by the interpretation of the contractual terms and the limits provided in the insurance policy.
Fact of the Case:
The respondent no. 1, an employee of Adventure Security Services Pvt. Ltd., suffered grievous injuries in a motorcycle accident. The appellant challenged the liability to pay compensation under the Act policy, arguing that the respondent no. 1 cannot be considered a 'third party' and that the liability is limited to Rs.1.00 lakh.
Finding of the Court:
The court analyzed the liability under the Act policy and the contractual terms of the insurance policy. It found that the liability of the insurance company is restricted to Rs.1.00 lakh as per the terms of the insurance policy. The court also noted that the respondent no. 1, being an employee of the owner of the vehicle, was not a 'third party' covered by the Act policy.
Issues: The issues revolved around the liability of the insurance company under the Act policy, the interpretation of Sec. 147(1) of the Motor Vehicles Act, and whether the respondent no. 1 could be considered a 'third party' covered by the Act policy.
Ratio Decidendi: The court's decision was based on the interpretation of the contractual terms and the limits provided in the insurance policy. It held that the liability of the insurance company is restricted to Rs.1.00 lakh as per the terms of the insurance policy and that the respondent no. 1, being an employee of the owner of the vehicle, was not a 'third party' covered by the Act policy.
Final Decision: The Impugned Award was modified, and the appellant was directed to pay Rs.1.00 lakh along with interest to the respondent no. 1. The appeal was disposed of with no orders as to costs.
JUDGMENT
1. This appeal has been filed by the appellant challenging the Award dtd. 27/2/2018 (hereinafter referred to as the "Impugned Award") passed by the learned Motor Accident Claims Tribunal-01, North-West District, Rohini Courts, Delhi (hereinafter referred to as the "Tribunal") in MACT Case no.449279/2016, titled Ravi Prakash Mishra v. M/s Adventure Securities Services Pvt. Ltd. and Anr.
2. In the Claim Petition, it was the case of the respondent no. 1 that he is an employee of the respondent no. 2 herein, that is, Adventure Security Services Pvt. Ltd. On 17/2/2006, the respondent no.1 along with one guard, namely Shri Manjay, was going on a motorcycle bearing registration No.DL-8SAB-7792, which was registered in the name of the respondent no. 2, for some office work. The motorcycle was being driven by the respondent no.1. At about 3.30 a.m., when they reached near Prem Bari Pul, Keshav Puram, Delhi, the motorcycle hit the divider due to heavy fog and less visibility and the respondent no.1 suffered grievous injuries. The Police Control Room van took the respondent no.1 to the Trauma Centre, Delhi. The respondent no.1 remained under treatment from 17/2/2006 till 16/3/2006. In the said accident, the respondent no.1 lost both his eyes and there was a loss of jaw and facial deformity. The Disability Certificate issued by the Guru Nanak Eye Hospital, New Delhi states that the respondent no.1 has suffered 100% permanent disability.
3. The appellant challenges the Impugned Award on the ground that the respondent no.1 was himself driving the motorcycle, which is owned by the respondent no.2. The respondent no.1 has, therefore, stepped into the shoes of the owner/respondent no.2, who is also the employer of the respondent no.1. The appellant contends that the respondent no. 1, therefore, cannot be considered as a "third party" and the appellant is not liable to pay the compensation under the "Act Policy".
4. The learned counsel for the appellant, placing reliance on the judgment of the Supreme Court in Ramkhiladi and Anr. v. United India Insurance Company and Anr., (2020) 2 SCC 550, and in Ningamma and Anr. v. United India Insurance Company Ltd. (2009) 13 SCC 710, submits that the driver, stepping into the shoes of the owner/his employer, cannot be a recipient of the compensation, as the liability to pay the same is upon the owner itself. He submits that the driver cannot be said to be a third party with respect to the insured/borrowed vehicle, as he was in the actual possession and control of the vehicle in the capacity of the owner when he is specifically employed for the purpose of driving the insured vehicle.
5. The appellant further contends that as the respondent no. 1 hit the divider and sustained injuries by his own rash and negligent driving, and as there was no other vehicle involved in the accident, therefore, the respondent no.1 is not entitled to any compensation and the appellant cannot be made liable to pay the compensation to the respondent no.1.
6. On the other hand, the learned counsel for the respondent no.1, placing reliance on the judgment of this Court in National Insurance Co. Ltd. v. Munesh Devi and Ors., Neutral Citation no. 2012:DHC:3057; and of the High Court of Karnataka in Sangeetha and Ors. v. Krishna Chari and Ors., 2018 SCC OnLine Kar 315, submits that if the premium for the insurance policy is duly paid by the owner of the vehicle for the driver of the vehicle, even when the vehicle was borrowed by a person employed to drive the said vehicle or where the vehicle was being driven by the employee of the owner of the vehicle, the insurer is liable to pay the compensation. He submits that, therefore, no infirmity can be found in the Impugned Award passed by the learned Tribunal.
7. The learned counsel for the respondent no.1, placing reliance on the judgment of the Supreme Court in Bachhaj Nahar v. Nilima Mandal and Another (2008) 17 SCC 491, further submits that the appellant has not raised the plea
Bachhaj Nahar v. Nilima Mandal and Another (2008) 17 SCC 491
Dhanraj v. New India Assurance Co. Ltd.
National Insurance Co. Ltd. v. Anjana Shyam and Ors.
New India Assurance Co. Ltd. v. Shanti Bopanna
Ningamma and Anr. v. United India Insurance Company Ltd. (2009) 13 SCC 710
Oriental Insurance Co. Ltd. v. Raj Kumari and Ors.
Oriental Insurance Co. Ltd. v. Rajni Devi (2008) 5 SCC 736
Ramkhiladi and Anr. v. United India Insurance Company and Anr.
A borrower of a vehicle is not considered a third party under the insurance policy, and the insurance company's liability is limited to the terms of the contract.
Compensation claims under Section 163A of the Motor Vehicles Act are not applicable when the deceased is the owner or a relative of the owner of the vehicle involved in the accident.
Under Section 163(A) of the Motor Vehicles Act, insurers cannot raise the defense of negligence against claimants, the deceased cannot be treated as a third party if they are related to the vehicle's....
A claimant must be a third party to maintain a claim under Section 163-A of the M.V. Act; a driver cannot claim compensation for injuries sustained while driving their own vehicle.
Login now and unlock free premium legal research
Login to SupremeToday AI and access free legal analysis, AI highlights, and smart tools.
Login
now!
India’s Legal research and Law Firm App, Download now!
Copyright © 2023 Vikas Info Solution Pvt Ltd. All Rights Reserved.