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IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI
Jayant Nath, J.
Vipul Plastic and Allied Industries Pvt. Ltd. - Appellant
Versus
Delhi Development Authority - Respondent
W.P.(C) 2993 of 2017 & CM Appl. 13112 of 2017
Decided On : 26-04-2021




Changes in shareholding do not constitute a transfer of property under a perpetual lease, and unearned increase cannot be charged based solely on share transfers.

Headnote:(A) Perpetual Lease Act - Demand for unearned increase and misuse charges - Petition challenging the demand raised for conversion from leasehold to freehold - Court held that transfer of shares does not constitute transfer of property under the perpetual lease terms, therefore unearned increase was improperly levied - Misuse charges not correctly calculated according to the applicable policy. (Paras 20-22)

(B) Legal Entity Principle - A company is a distinct legal entity separate from its shareholders; therefore, changes in shareholding do not amount to transfer of land. - Court confirmed that share transfers do not trigger unearned increase obligations. (Paras 16-20)

Facts of the case:
The petitioner sought to quash demand for conversion from leasehold to freehold property and objected to alleged unearned increase and misuse charges based on transfer of shares since 1978. The property was originally leased to a different entity and since then, shareholding remained primarily with the same family.

Findings of Court:
The demand of unearned increase based on share transfer was illegal; misuse charges were improperly assessed against the 5-year limitation policy.

Issues: The main issues included whether transfer of shares amounts to transfer of land and correct interpretation of misuse charges.

Ratio Decidendi: Court ruled that mere share transfers do not affect land ownership, thus no unearned increase applies, and clarified a strict adherence to misuse charge policy is required.

Result: The writ petition was allowed; the demand dated 08.11.2016 was quashed.

Table of Content
1. writ petition to quash demand for conversion. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5)
2. contention on applicability of unearned increase. (Para 6 , 7)
3. defense regarding misuse charges and policy. (Para 8 , 9 , 10)
4. counsel arguments presented by both parties. (Para 11 , 12 , 13)
5. court's ruling based on perpetual lease clauses. (Para 14 , 15 , 16)
6. analysis of shareholder transfer and its relevance. (Para 17 , 18 , 19 , 20)
7. policy regarding duration for misuse charges. (Para 21)
8. final order quashing prior demands; directives issued. (Para 22 , 23 , 24)

JUDGMENT

Jayant Nath, J. This Writ Petition is filed by the petitioner seeking to quash the impugned demand dated 08.11.2016 raised by the respondent for conversion of the property from leasehold to freehold. A direction is also sought to the respondent to execute the Conveyance Deed of the plot in question, namely, plot No.53, Wazirpur Group Industrial Area, ad-measuring 400 sq.yards in favour of the petitioner company.

2. The petitioner is said to be a Private Limited Company incorporated in 1977. On 02.09.1976, a Perpetual Lease Agreement was entered into between M/s. Jayna Plastic Works through its proprietor Mr.Vir Anil Jain and the Hon'ble President of India acting through the respondent for leasing of the industrial plot No. A-53, Wazirpur Group Industrial Area, Delhi-110052 (hereinafter referred to as "the property"). On 30.09.1977, the said M/s. Jayna Plastic Works through its proprietor applied for conversion of the property from M/s. Jayna Plastic Works to the petitioner company i.e. Vipul Plastic and Allied Industries Pvt. Ltd. In 1978 the subscription of the equity shares of the petitioner was increased from 8 to 300 shares and the majority shares vested with the family of Shri Krishan Gopal Aggarwal including himself, wife, son and daughters and (HUF) who together held more than 80% shares in the petitioner company. In 1985 the number of shares of the petitioner company rose from 300 to 350 shares wherein some shares of the petitioner company were subscribed by the family members and some were subscribed by non-family members. However, the family of Shri Krishan Gopal Aggarwal continued to hold 80% shares in the petitioner company thus being in majority and in control of the petitioner company.

3. In September 2010, the respondent advertised a scheme for conversion of leasehold property to freehold property. On 30.09.2013 along with other required documents the petitioner made an application for conversion of the property from leasehold to freehold and paid the prescribed fee of Rs.5,28,846/-. Subsequently on 20.01.2014 an additional demand of Rs.2,00,111/- was made under various heads which were duly paid.

4. The respondent inspected the property on 28.04.2014 as per the procedure adopted for conversion of plot from leasehold to freehold. On inspection they found the property to be in order and free from all kinds of misuse/sub-letting.

5. Despite all steps having been taken and payment having been made, the respondents took no steps whatsoever to process and finalise the application of the petitioner. The petitioner thereafter filed a Writ Petition before this Court being W.P.(C) 9283/2015 titled as M/s Vipul Plastic and Allied Industries Private Limited vs. Delhi Development Authority. The said Writ Petition came up for hearing on 28.09.2015. This court issued a direction to the respondents to process the application dated 26.09.2013 within six weeks. Despite the said direction, no steps are said to have been taken by the respondent. Finally, the petitioner had no option but to file a Contempt Case being Cont. Cas.(C) No.823/2016. In the Contempt Petition, on 02.09.2016 this court directed the respondent to dispose of the petitioner's application for conversion before the next date of hearing. Thereafter, the respondent handed over a Demand Letter dated 08.11.2016 whereby they made a demand for payment of Rs.41,72,177/- towards alleged misuse

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