IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI
Jyoti Singh, J.
Hyundai Motor India Ltd. - Appellant
Versus
T.N. Grover - Respondent
RSA 88 of 2019 and CM No. 19306 of 2019
Decided On : 22-04-2021
| Table of Content |
|---|
| 1. contest prize awarded but disputed. (Para 2 , 3 , 4) |
| 2. legal suit initiated for prize delivery. (Para 5 , 6 , 8) |
| 3. appellants argue lack of declaratory relief. (Para 10 , 14 , 16) |
| 4. court observes evidence inadequacies. (Para 12 , 22 , 24) |
| 5. maintainability of mandatory injunction suit. (Para 20 , 29 , 30) |
| 6. title dispute and proof requirements. (Para 26 , 27 , 28) |
| 7. appeal dismissed, costs awarded. (Para 36 , 37) |
JUDGMENT
Jyoti Singh, J. (Oral)--Present Regular Second Appeal has been filed assailing the judgment dated 28.02.2019 passed by the First Appellate Court whereby the appeal of the Appellants preferred against the judgment and decree dated 19.09.2017, was dismissed. Appellants herein were the Defendants in the suit and Respondent was the Plaintiff.
2. The facts of the case in a narrow compass are that the Respondent/Plaintiff purchased a new Hyundai Accent Car bearing Registration No. DL-9-CH-0668 from M/s. Rama Motors Pvt. Ltd., a registered dealer. At the time when the car was purchased, Appellants/Defendants were conducting a `World Cup Contest' as a part of their Sales Promotion Scheme. Under the Scheme, all those who purchased any Hyundai Model Car, during the specified period, could participate in the contest. The details of the contest and the various prizes were published in widely circulated newspapers for the benefit of the general public on 13.06.2002. According to the Scheme, the following prizes were to be awarded to the winners of the contest:
"First Prize - Sonata Gold Car
Second Prize - Sonata Gold Miniatures from Tanishq
Third Prize - Sonata Gold coin from Tanishq 100 gm each
Fourth Prize - Gold coin from Tanishq 5 gm each
Hyundai T-Shirt and football for all the buyers"
3. Respondent/Plaintiff participated in the contest and filled up the necessary entry forms while purchasing the vehicle. He thereafter received a letter dated 14.08.2002 from the Appellants/Defendants informing him that he had won the third prize in the contest which was concluded on 08.08.2002 albeit the weight of the gold coin was mentioned as 5 Grams as against the weight of 100 Grams, which was the third prize as per the publication in the newspapers. He was also informed that the prize would be sent through direct mailers at the address of the Respondent/Plaintiff by 31.08.2002. To this extent, the facts are undisputed between the parties.
4. Respondent/Plaintiff sent a number of letters to the Appellants/Defendants asking them to fulfill their commitment and send the third prize, but there was no response. A legal notice dated 10.10.2003 was sent to the Appellants/Defendants and in their reply dated 27.11.2003, Appellants/Defendants took a stand that the Respondent/Plaintiff had won the fourth prize, i.e., 5 Grams gold coin and mention of Third prize in the letter dated 14.08.2002 was an error. It was also stated that the error was rectified immediately and a corrigendum letter dated 16.08.2002 was sent.
5. Failing to receive the prize, Respondent/Plaintiff filed a suit seeking mandatory injunction directing the Appellants/Defendants to deliver 100 Grams Sonata gold coin being the third prize of the contest. Written Statement was filed by Appellants/Defendants and the suit was primarily contested on the ground that Respondent/Plaintiff had won fourth prize and was entitled to 5 Grams gold coin and not 100 Grams Sonata gold coin. Plea taken was that there was a typographical error in the letter dated 14.08.2002 and therefore, a corrigendum dated 16.08.2002 was sent to the Respondent/Plaintiff, clarifying the position since the contest was conducted by independent agency M/s. Quantum Direct India Private Limited through a computerized draw of lots on 08.08.2002. Replication was filed to the written statement, wherein, the Respondent/Plaintiff categorically denied receipt of letter dated 16.08.2002 and pleaded that the said letter was forged and fabricated to defeat the rightful claim of the Respondent/Pl
The suit for mandatory injunction was maintainable without seeking a declaration, as the Respondent established a clear title to the prize based on the original notification.
A decree for mandatory injunction can entail removal of encroachments and like possession claims, even when not explicitly stated, emphasizing the Court's authority to protect property rights.
A plaintiff can seek a mandatory injunction to remove encroachments on property even if the suit is effectively for recovery of possession, provided the plaintiff has established title and is willing....
A suit for injunction is not maintainable if the plaintiff has knowledge of unclear title issues and the vendors lack the right to convey property.
Suits for mandatory injunctions can succeed if ownership is established, countering the Trial Court's denial based on misinterpretation of property law.
A suit for injunction is maintainable even without a prayer for declaration when the plaintiff is in possession and the title is not under dispute or a cloud.
In a suit for injunction over vacant land, genuine title disputes necessitate a suit for declaration; mere possession does not suffice without establishing title.
A suit for permanent injunction is not maintainable when a genuine dispute on title arises. The proper remedy is a comprehensive suit for declaration, reaffirming the principle that possession follow....
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