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IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI
Manoj Kumar Ohri, J.
Rajat Gupta - Appellant
Versus
Union of India - Respondent
FAO 110 of 2021
Decided On : 18-10-2022




The absence of a post-mortem report does not preclude the connection between injuries sustained in an incident and subsequent death, establishing that claimants are entitled to compensation under beneficial legislation.

Headnote:(A) Railway Claims Tribunal Act, 1987 - Section 23 - Compensatory claims - Appeal against Tribunal's order regarding death of bonafide passenger in untoward incident - Tribunal denied death compensation due to absence of post-mortem report - Court held that absence thereof does not negate causal link between injuries and death - Beneficial legislation requires just compensation even in absence of post-mortem (Paras 2, 9, 12).

(B) Tort Law - Causation - The determination of causation in tort claims must consider the entire medical history and circumstances surrounding the incident and not solely rely on post-mortem evidence (Para 11).

Facts of the case:
The appellant's claim pertains to the death of Sh. Suresh Gupta, who succumbed to injuries sustained from falling at a railway station. The Tribunal recognized the incident as untoward but denied death compensation (Para 9).

Findings of Court:
The court found there was a sufficient basis to link the injuries from the untoward incident to the eventual death of the claimant due to the sustained injuries (Paras 12, 11).

Issues: Whether the conclusion of the Tribunal regarding the cause of death was justified in the absence of a post-mortem report.

Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that the absence of a post-mortem report does not negate the established link between injuries and the death of the claimant, emphasizing the need for a nuanced understanding of causation in tort (Para 12).

Result: Appeal granted, matter remanded back for compensation determination.

Table of Content
1. modification of compensation petition (Para 1)
2. arguments on causation of death (Para 2 , 3)
3. court's analysis on medical evidence relevance (Para 4 , 5 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12)
4. detailed medical history of the deceased (Para 6 , 7 , 8)
5. permission to remand for compensation determination (Para 13)
6. communication of judgment to tribunal (Para 14)

JUDGMENT

Manoj Kumar Ohri, J. By way of the present appeal filed under Section 23 of the Railway Claims Tribunal Act, 1987, the appellants/claimants have sought modification of order dated 16.09.2020 passed by the Railway Claims Tribunal, Principal Bench, Delhi in Case No. OA/(IIu)/DLI/53/2019. The appellants have also sought direction to the respondent to pay the compensation awarded alongwith interest @ 18% per annum from the date of filing of claim application till its realization.

2. Mr. Rajan Sood, learned counsel for the appellants, submitted that Sh. Suresh Gupta died in an 'untoward incident' on 06.09.2018, when he fell at the railway station and sustained injuries, to which he succumbed on 22.10.2018. It was contended that while awarding compensation, the Tribunal erroneously held that in absence of post-mortem report, the death was not relatable to the injuries sustained by Sh. Suresh Gupta.

In support of his contentions, learned counsel referred to the medical documents placed on record as well as the decision in New India Assurance Co. Ltd. v. Noorjahan and Another reported as 2004 SCC OnLine Utt 246.

3. Per contra, Ms. Jatinder Kaur, learned Senior Panel Counsel for the respondent, opposed the prayer for enhancement of compensation awarded by contending that there was a gap of more than one and half month between the date when injuries were sustained by deceased-Sh. Suresh Gupta and his death. She also submitted that the deceased was about 70 years of age.

4. I have heard learned counsels for the parties and have also gone through the entire case record.

5. Vide the impugned order, the Tribunal held the deceased to be a bonafide passenger, who suffered injuries in an 'untoward incident' which took place on 06.09.2018. While considering the contentions raised, it was observed that it cannot be inferred that the said `untoward incident' had resulted into injuries causing death of Sh. Suresh Gupta.

6. A perusal of the medical record of the deceased would show that on 06.09.2018, an MLC was prepared at Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Shahdara, Delhi, wherein it was recorded that the injuries suffered were on account of fall from the train and the injured complained of pain in right side of the chest. Tenderness in right shoulder was also noted and the patient was referred to surgery, neurosurgery and Ortho Department.

The deceased remained admitted in the Lok Nayak Hospital, Jawahar Lal Nehru Marg, New Delhi (LNJP) from 08.09.2018 to 13.09.2018. In the discharge slip, it was noted that the injured had suffered blunt trauma chest B/L, hemoperitoneum, B/L subcutaneous emphysema and right inferior dislocation of shoulder. It was also noted that the deceased had undertaken B/L Tube Thoracostomy on 07.09.2018. At the time of discharge, Sh. Suresh Gupta's condition was noted as conscious and oriented.

7. The deceased had visited Dr. Pankaj Anand, Consultant Orthopaedics & Joint Replacement Surgeon, on 19.09.2018, who had advised certain medications. Thereafter, on 13.10.2018, the deceased had again visited Deep Chand Bandhu Hospital, Ashok Vihar, Delhi on OPD-basis, where he complained of chest pain and was advised X-ray.

8. On 22.10.2018, Sh. Suresh Gupta was taken to Maharaja Agrasen Hospital, West Punjabi Bagh, New Delhi in casualty in unconscious state, where no respiratory and heart activity was seen. The ECG showed straight line and Sh. Suresh Gupta was declared as brought dead.

9. In the present case, the Tribunal decided the issues of deceased having been a bonafide passenger and the accident having been an untoward incident in favour of the cla

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