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IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI
Satish Chandra Sharma, Subramonium Prasad, JJ.
Supertech Realtors Private Limited - Appellant
Versus
Bank of Maharashtra - Respondent
LPA 676 of 2022 & CM Appls. 50205 of 2022, 50206 of 2022, 50208 of 2022
Decided On : 29-11-2022




A borrower cannot seek modifications of a One-Time Settlement through a writ petition; such alterations must occur via mutual consent according to contractual law.

Headnote:(A) Indian Contract Act, 1872 - Section 62 - High Court exercising jurisdiction under Article 226 of the Constitution cannot rewrite contractual terms, and alterations to the One-Time Settlement must occur through mutual consent. (Para 7)

(B) Writ Petition - A writ petition cannot be used to seek alteration of contracts or to dispute contractual obligations. (Para 9)

Facts of the case:
The Appellant defaulted on a loan repayment agreement for project financing, leading to a classification as NPA. A One-Time Settlement was entered, which disputes later arose over repayment terms and moratorium calculations.

Findings of Court:
No merit was found in the argument for contract amendment; the learned Single Judge's decision dismissing the writ petition was upheld.

Issues: The main issues were whether the moratorium period should be recalculated and if the court could alter the terms of the One-Time Settlement unilaterally.

Ratio Decidendi: The court confirmed that contractual obligations must be respected and cannot be modified through writ proceedings; alterations require mutual consent as per the Indian Contract Act.

Result: Appeal dismissed.

Table of Content
1. challenge to order and appeal outcome. (Para 1 , 3 , 10)
2. loan agreement and non-performing assets classification. (Para 2 , 4)
3. writ petition cannot alter contractual obligations. (Para 5 , 6 , 9)
4. judicial scope in contractual disputes. (Para 8)

JUDGMENT

1. Aggrieved by the dismissal of the writ petition vide Order dated 17.11.2022 passed by the learned Single Judge in W.P.(C)15854/2022, the writ petitioner seeks to assail the said order by way of the instant appeal.

2. The facts in brief, as narrated by the Appellant, reads as follows:

i. It is stated that the Appellant is a part of Supertech Group, which is a real estate developer. It is stated that the Appellant approached the consortium of Banks led by Union Bank of India and consisting of Bank of Maharashtra, Central Bank of India, Oriental Bank of Commerce seeking financial assistance for a project, namely, `Supernova' at Sector 94, Noida.

ii. It is stated that a financial assistance of Rs.735 crores was agreed to be lent by the consortiumof Banks,and a sum of Rs.678.22 crore was disbursed. It is stated that a term loan of Rs.150 crores was also sanctioned by the consortium of Banks.

iii. It is stated that on 29.09.2018, the account of the Appellant was classified as Non-Performing Asset (NPA).

iv. Negotiations were held between the Appellant and the consortium of Banks. A One-Time Settlement (OTS) was entered into between the Appellant and the consortium of Banks for the sum of Rs.121.43 crores. The Appellant sought a modification of theOTSand the same was modified.The amount to be paid was reduced from 121.43 crores to Rs.120.94 crores. The amended terms of sanction reads as under:

Amended Terms of Sanction
Rs.120.94 crore (LB of Rs.97.33 crore plus Un-applied interest of Rs.23.61 crore, total of Rs.120.94 crore) be accepted in full and final settlement of the dues of A/C-Supertech Realtors Pvt. Ltd. and payable as under in line with lead banksanction:
1. Upfront amount Rs.9.16 crore has already been received in loan accountthrough RERA cut back and own sources in line with Lead Bank UBI.
2. Balance amount of Rs.111.78 crore will be paid in 24 monthly instalments of Rs.4.66 crore after 3 months moratorium from the date of conveying originalsanction to the borrower.
3. Deferred period interest @ 1 Year MCLR i.e. 7.25% p.a. shall be charged ondiminishing balance after 3 months from the date of conveying of originalsanction to the borrower.
4. The monthly installment along with interest@ 1 Year MCLR has to be paid inthe first week of the month which is to be considered after 3 months from the dateof conveying original sanction.
Processing fees be waived in line with lead bank sanction.

v. It is stated that the dispute arose between the Bank and the Appellant stating that the Appellant defaulted in the payment of monthly instalments of Rs.4.66 crores each, which was not paid by the Appellant despite letters dated 11.10.2022, 14.10.2022 and 01.11.2022. The Appellant challenged the letters demanding the payment sought for by the consortium of Banks,contending that the amounts were not due and payable and approached this Court by filing a writ petition with the following prayers:

    "(a) Issue an appropriate writ/order quashing the Impugned Letters dated11.10.2022, 14.10.2022 and 01.11.2022;

    (b) Issue an appropriate writ/order declaring that the moratorium period of threemonths under the Sanction letter dated 18.08.2022 has to be calculated from 18.08.2022;

    (c) Issue an appropriate writ/order directing the Respondent to extend the periodof moratorium for a period of 6 months from 19.11.2022;

    (d) Pass any other or further orders which this Hon'ble Court may deem fit in thepeculiar facts and circumstances of the present case."

vi. The learned Single Judge dismissed the writ petition stating that the writ petition seeks for alteration of the terms of the contract which can only be done by way of mutual consent in terms of Section 62 of the Indian Contract Act,

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