NATIONAL CONSUMER DISPUTES REDRESSAL COMMISSION, NEW DELHI
C. Viswanath, Presiding Member and Ram Surat Ram Maurya, Member
DLF Universal Ltd. —Appellant
versus
Uma Shankar Trivedi
and Anr. —Respondents
Miscellaneous Application No.251 of 2021 in
FA/1416/2016
Decided on 1.11.2022
Consumer Protection Act, 1986—S.21(b)[Consumer Protection Act, 2019—S.58(1)(b)] – Review - Services – Real Estate – Allotment of Flat – Delayed Possession – Limitation in filing Review Application – Objection at a belated stage – Cannot be raised - Whether the Complainants/Applicants made a false statement to this Commission at the time of final arguments in FA/14/16/2016, relating to purchase of another property - The issue relating to purchase of alternative/another flat by the Complainant was dealt by this Commission in the impugned order dated 01.10.2021 and the Complainants were granted due opportunity to file an affidavit to establish the fact that they booked another flat due to delay in delivery of possession by the Opposite Party. The Complainants failed to file any supporting document to establish that they purchased another flat due to delay in delivery of possession by the Opposite Party - If the Complainants were at all aggrieved by the liberty given to the Opposite Party to file review application, they could have challenged the order dated 18.07.2019, which they failed to do. In the impugned order dated 01.10.2021, Commission had also recorded that the Review Application was filed in consonance with the orders of this Commission – Thus, at this stage, the Complainants are not permitted to raise the objection of limitation in filing the Review Application – Therefore, the impugned order is justified. The Complainants/Applicants failed to point out any illegality or irregularity in the impugned order warranting interference – Application disposed off. [Paras 6 to 9]
Result: Petition dismissed.
ORDER
MA/251/2021 is filed by the Respondents/Complainants against the order passed by this Commission dated 01.10.2021 in Review Application No.224/2019 in First Appeal No.1416/2016 whereby this Commission modified the order dated 13.02.2019 with following observation:—
“In view of the above, we, in exercise of power of Review, modify the order dated 13.1.2019 and hold that the Respondents are not entitled to the exception made in para 26 of the order and are bound by the orders and direction which are applicable to all other Complainants in the connected Appeals as set out in para 27 and 28 of the order dated 13.2.2018. Review Application is disposed on above terms.”
2. Aggrieved by the aforesaid order, the Complainants/Respondents have filed the instant miscellaneous application.
3. Heard the Learned Counsel for the Parties as well as Respondent No.1 in person and carefully perused the record. Learned Counsel for the Applicants submitted that the impugned order dated 01.10.2021 was passed in violation of principles of natural justice as the submissions of the Applicants were not recorded in the order. This Commission, vide impugned order dated 01.10.2021, disposed of Review Application and modified the judgment dated 13.02.2019, despite there being no error apparent on the face of record and thereby exceeded its jurisdiction of Review. It was also submitted that while modifying the judgment dated 13.02.2019, this Commission failed to appreciate that the Complainants had already purchased another property and living in the said property since 2018. The Complainants, therefore, could not be forced to purchase second property. While modifying the judgment dated 13.02.2019, this Commission also failed to appreciate that the Complainants sought refund of the amount deposited by them, which was also granted by this Commission, vide judgment dated 13.02.2019. This Commission incorrectly observed that the Complainants had given a wrong impression to this Commission at the time of final hearing of FA/1416/2016 that they had purchased another accommodation and did not require the property booked with the Opposite Party. The Complainants purchased another property when they realised that there was delay in delivery of possession by the Opposite Party. It was also submitted that there was delay of 155 days in filing the Review Application and this Commission suo motu condoned the said delay, which was not justified.
4. Learned Counsel for the Opposite Party/non-applicant submitted that the Respondents/Applicants have challenged the order passed in the Review Application, which is not permissible under law. The Application, therefore, deserves to be dismissed. Learned Counsel vehemently argued that during the course of final arguments, the Complainants made a false statement that they had already purchased another house after order of the State Commission. On the basis of the false statement made by the Complainants, this Commission, vide order dated 13.02.2019, observed that the said purchase amounted to material change in the circumstances of the Complainants. This Commission, therefore, directed the Opposite Party to refund the amount deposited by the Complainants with interest @ 10% per annum from the date of each payment till the date of offer of possession. The Opposite Party filed Review Application No.224/2019 bringing the false statement of the Complainant to the notice of this Commission. This Commission, vide order dated 01.10.2021, disposed of the Review Application and modified the final judgment dated 13.02.2019 with the direction reproduced above. The instant miscellaneous application is nothing but an abuse of process of law and deserves to be dismissed with costs.
5. The only issue before us is whether the Complainants/Applicants made a false statement to this Commission at the time of final arguments in FA/14/16/2016, relating to purchase of another property. In this regard, para 26 of the judgment dated 13.02.2019 is
Objection as to limitation - Complainants are not permitted to raise the objection of limitation in filing the Review Application.
The judgment emphasizes the limited scope of review, the distinction between an erroneous decision and an error apparent on the face of the record, and the need to correct wrongs committed to prevent....
Review jurisdiction is not an appeal; it addresses only material errors apparent on record, not new arguments or hearsay.
The court established that review applications must demonstrate clear errors on the record, not mere legal interpretations or disagreements with prior judgments.
Review under DRT Rules limited to errors apparent on record; cannot reintroduce omitted grounds or serve as appeal. Res judicata bars successive challenges to sale notice post-auction. Section 14 del....
Review jurisdiction under CPC is limited to obvious errors; it does not allow for re-examination of facts or merits already addressed in prior judgments.
(1) Additional Alternate remedy – When a consumer avails such remedy, the lis has to be decided in its entirety. (2) Inseparable part of dispute – The dispute before it[State Commission] had to be de....
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