IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD
Sonia Gokani, Sandeep N. Bhatt, JJ.
Mehul Vinod Hirani L/R of Late Vinod Kanjibhai Hirani – Petitioner
Versus
Income Tax Officer, Ward 3, Gandhidham (Bhuj 1) Or His Successor – Respondent
R/Special Civil Application No. 405 of 2022
Decided On : 09-01-2023
Income Tax - Validity of Notice - Section 148 of the Income Tax Act, 1961 - Section 3(1) of the Taxation and other laws ( Relaxation and Amendment of Certain Provisions) Act 2020 and the notifications thereunder, including the Explanation contained in Notification No.20/2021 dated 31.03.2021 as well as Notification no.38/2021 dated 27.04.2021 - Section 139A(5)(d), Section 140, Section 153C, Section 2(31), Section 124(3)(c) of the Income Tax Act, 1961 - Sections 139, 147, 148, 149, 151, 153, 153A, 153C - Notice issued to a dead person - Legal heir's objection - Jurisdiction of Assessing Officer - Validity of proceedings - Supreme Court's decision - Disposal of petition
Fact of the Case:
The petitioner, a legal heir of the deceased assessee, challenged the validity of the notice dated 13.04.2021 issued under section 148 of the Income Tax Act, 1961 proposing to assess the total income of the deceased for the Assessment Year 2013-14. The petitioner contended that no notice can lie against the dead person and sought various reliefs including quashing and setting aside the impugned notice.
Finding of the Court:
The Court held that the notice issued to a dead assessee and the consequent proceedings pursuant thereto would be without jurisdiction and, therefore, null and void. The want of a valid notice affects the jurisdiction of the Assessing Officer to proceed with the assessment and thus affects the validity of the proceedings for assessment or reassessment. The Court also noted that the legal heir did not participate in the proceedings and had objected to the validity of the notice and continuation of the proceedings. The Court referred to a recent pronouncement of the Supreme Court and upheld the decision of the High Court, disposing of the petition by quashing and setting aside the impugned notice.
Issues: Validity of notice issued under section 148 of the Income Tax Act, 1961 to a dead person, Jurisdiction of Assessing Officer, Legal heir's objection to the validity of the notice and continuation of the proceedings
Ratio Decidendi: The issuance of the notice to a dead assessee is not a mere technical defect which can be corrected under Section 292B of the Act. The want of a valid notice affects the jurisdiction of the Assessing Officer to proceed with the assessment and thus affects the validity of the proceedings for assessment or reassessment. A notice issued under Section 148 of the Act against a dead person is invalid, unless the legal representative submits to the jurisdiction of the Assessing Officer without raising any objection.
Final Decision: The petition was disposed of by quashing and setting aside the impugned notice dated 13.04.2021 of reopening the assessment of the petitioner.
ORDER :
SONIA GOKANI, J.
1. By way of the present petition under Article 226 of the Constitution of India challenge is to the validity of the notice dated 13.04.2021 issued under section 148 of the Income Tax Act, 1961. The respondent Assessing Officer proposed to assess the total income of the deceased assessee for the Assessment Year 2013-14.
2. The petitioner is a legal heir of the deceased assessee. Late Shri Vinod Kanjibhai Hirani, who passed away on 18.11.2017. The deceased was regularly assessed to tax at PAN:AAFPH 0807 H. He had filed return of income for the Assessment Year 2013-14. The respondent issued notice under section 148 on 13.04.2021 on the deceased assessee late Shri Vinod Kanjibhai Hirani proposing to assess his total income for the Assessment Year 2013-14.
3. The petitioner, as a legal heir of the deceased, had informed the respondent that late Shri Vinod Kanjibhai Hirani expired on 18.11.2017. The grievance on the part of the petitioner is that the respondent may finalize the assessment.
4. On the ground that the petitioner cannot be compensated in terms of money and it is well settled position of law that no notice can lie against the dead person, the present petition is preferred with the following reliefs:-
(a) to issue a writ of certiorari or in the nature of certiorari or any other appropriate writ, orders or directions quashing and setting aside the impugned notice dated 13.04.2021 [ANNEXURE-A] issued by the Respondent proposing to reopen the completed assessment of the Petitioner for A.Y. 2013-14.
(b) to issue a writ of certiorari or in the nature of certiorari or any other appropriate writ, orders or directions declaring section 3(1) of the Taxation and other laws ( Relaxation and Amendment of Certain Provisions) Act 2020 and the notifications thereunder, including the Explanation contained in Notification No.20/2021 dated 31.03.2021 as well as Notification no.38/2021 dated 27.04.2021, which extend, for the purpose of issuance of Notice under Section 148 of the Income Tax Act, 1961 (‘the Act’ hereinafter), the time limit specified in Section 149 or sanction under Section 151 of the Act from 31.03.2021 to 30.04.2021 and from 30.04.2021 to 30.06.2021 respectively and further provide that provisions of Sections 148, 149 and 151 of the Act, as they stood as on 31.03.2021 before the commencement of the Finance Act, 2021 shall apply to the proceedings taken during this extended time limit as unconstitutional and ultra-virus.
(c) to issue a writ of certiorari or in the nature of certiorari or any other appropriate writ, orders or directions to furnish the copy of reasons recorded for reopening.
(d) To allow the Petitioner to amend the Petition in view of the reasons recorded and order that may be passed, if any, by the Respondent disposing off the objections.
(e) To call for the records of the proceedings, look into them and be pleased to issue a writ of certiorari or any other appropriate writ, order or direction quashing the impugned notice and order.
(f) Pending the hearing and final disposal of this petition to maintain status quo in the matter and ask the Respondent and its subordinates not to take any action or to do anything in furtherance and pursuance of this impugned notice.
(g) To allow this Petition with cost.
(h) To pass any further or other orders as the Hon’ble Court may deem proper in the interest of justice and in the circumstances of the case.”
5. Affidavit-in-reply on behalf of the respondent is filed. It is not disputed that late Shri Vinod Kanjibhai Hirani expired on 18.11.2017. He was regularly assessed and filed return of income upto Assessment Year 2013-14. However, due to his demise, notice under section 148 was issued for reopening . According to the respondent, legal heir of late Shri Vinod Kanjibhai Hirani, Shri Mehul V. Hirani had neither intimated the demise of late Shri Vinod Kanjibhai Hirani nor surrendered the fi
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