IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD
HEMANT M. PRACHCHHAK, J.
United India Insurance Company Limited - Appellant
Versus
Rahimabai Bhalu Sota & Others - Defendants
R/First Appeal Nos. 1092, 1093, 1094 of 2015
Decided On : 17-06-2022
Motor Vehicles Act - Liability under Act Only Policy - Sections 146, 147 - The court discussed the liability of the insurance company under an Act only policy and the interpretation of Sections 146 and 147 of the Motor Vehicles Act. The court found that the insurance company is exonerated from its liability to pay compensation to the claimants as the policy in question was an Act only policy, and the risk of the pillion rider was not covered. The court also highlighted the distinction between Act only policy and other types of policies, emphasizing that the liability of the insurance company is limited to the nature of the policy and the terms and conditions of the contract of insurance.
Fact of the Case:
The case involved a motor vehicle accident resulting in injuries and fatalities. The claimants filed for compensation under Section 166 of the Motor Vehicles Act. The appellant, United India Insurance Company Ltd., challenged the judgment and award of the Motor Accident Claims Tribunal, claiming that the risk of the passengers was not covered under the Act only policy issued for the insured Jeep involved in the accident.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the insurance company is exonerated from its liability to pay compensation to the claimants as the policy in question was an Act only policy, and the risk of the pillion rider was not covered.
Issues: The main issue was the liability of the insurance company under the Act only policy and the interpretation of Sections 146 and 147 of the Motor Vehicles Act.
Ratio Decidendi: The court's decision was based on the interpretation of the Act only policy and the provisions of Sections 146 and 147 of the Motor Vehicles Act, which led to the exoneration of the insurance company from its liability to pay compensation.
Final Decision: The appeals were partly allowed, modifying the judgment and award to exonerate the appellant - Insurance Company from its liability to pay compensation to the claimants. The claimants were directed to recover the awarded amount from another Insurance Company, and the amount deposited by the appellant - Insurance Company was to be refunded with proportionate costs and interest.
JUDGMENT :
1. Feeling aggrieved and dissatisfied by the impugned common judgment and award dated 02/30.12.2014 passed by the learned Motor Accident Claims Tribunal (Aux.), Banaskantha (hereinafter be referred to as “the Tribunal”) in M.A.C.P. Nos.598 of 2001, 597 of 2001 and 599 of 2001, the appellant – United India Insurance Company Ltd. has preferred these appeals under Section 173 of the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 (hereinafter referred to as the “Act”.)
2. Following facts emerge from the record of the appeals –
2.1 That the accident occurred on 20.11.2001. It is the case of the original claimants that the deceased Marad Siddik Sota, deceased Bhalu Lakha Sota, injured Khengarji Akherajaji Jadeja and injured Roopubha Tamachi Jadeja were travelling in Jeep bearing registration No.GJ-12-K-8141 and when the claimants approached at Mankuva, the Truck bearing registration No.GJ-12-T-7166 came from front side in rash and negligent manner dashed with the said Jeep as a result of which one Murad Siddik Sota and Bhalu Lakha Sota sustained serious injuries and succumbed to the injuries and one Khengarji Akherajaji Jadeja and Roopubha Tamachi Jadeja sustained bodily injuries. Hence, the original claimants have filed M.A.C.P. Nos.598 of 2001, 597 of 2001 and 599 of 2001 before the Tribunal. The FIR at Exhibit 51 was lodged with the jurisdictional police station and the claim petitions were filed under Section 166 of the Act by the claimants and they claimed compensation of Rs.10,00,000/-, Rs.2,00,000/- and Rs.10,00,000/- respectively. The claimants have examined before the Tribunal at Exhibit 50 in M.A.C.P. No.599 of 2001, at Exhibit 52 in M.A.C.P. No.598 of 2001 and at Exhibit 53 in M.A.C.P. No.597 of 2001 respectively.
2.2 The claimants relied upon the various documentary evidence such as FIR at Exhibit 59, Panchnama of the scene of occurrence at Exhibit 60, P. M. Report of Murad Siddik at Exhibit 67 and Bhalu Lakha at Exhibit 75, Insurance Policy of Jeep at Exhibit 69, Medical certificates issued by the doctor. The Tribunal, after evaluating the pleadings and evidence tendered by the parties, partly allowed the claim petitions and awarded a sum of Rs.4,10,000/- in M.A.C.P. No.598 of 2001, Rs.4,10,000/- in M.A.C.P. No.599 of 2001 and Rs.40,00,750/- under the different heads as against the respective claims. Being aggrieved and dissatisfied by the impugned common judgment and award, the appellant – Insurance Company preferred these appeals.
3. Heard Mr. Maulik Shelat, learned counsel appearing for the appellant – Insurance Company and Mr. Palak Thakkar, learned counsel appearing for respondent no.11 – New India Assurance Company Ltd. Though served to the other respondents, who have chosen not to appear before the Court.
4. Mr. Shelat, learned counsel appearing for the appellant – Insurance Company submitted that the present appeals are filed mainly on the ground of liability of the appellant 50% each. He submitted that the appellant – Insurance Company insured jeep involved in the accident in question and respondent no.11 – Insurance Company insured truck involved in the accident. He also submitted that the Tribunal held the contributory negligence on the part of the present appellant and respondent no.11 50% each. He further submitted that the Tribunal has materially erred in overlooking the fact that the claimants were travelling in the insured Jeep where the appellant has issued liability only policy – Act only policy and, therefore, the risk of the passengers sitting in the Jeep is not covered under such policy. He submitted that there was no additional premium to pay the compensation. He relied upon the policy of the Jeep at Exhibit 69 and submitted that the appellant has not liable for the claims raised by the claimants as the risk was not covered under such policy. He submitted that even the Tribunal has noted the said fact, which has not been dealt with in its true spirit. Mr. Shelat, learned counsel, in order to buttress his arguments,
Oriental Insurance Co. Ltd. Vs. Sudhakaran K. V.
National Insurance Co. Ltd. Vs. Balakrishnan
Oriental Insurance Company Ltd. Vs. Brij Mohan and Ors.
The main legal point established in the judgment is that the risk of the pillion rider cannot be covered under the 'Act Only Policy' without any extra premium.
An act only policy under the Motor Vehicles Act does not cover the risk of a pillion rider, and the insurance company is not liable to pay compensation for injuries sustained by a pillion rider.
An 'Act Only Policy' does not cover pillion riders unless additional premium is paid, and such riders cannot be treated as third parties under the insurance policy in the context of liability for acc....
Insurance companies are not liable for compensation if passengers are not covered by the policy terms, specifically under Act policy provisions.
An 'Act only policy' under the Motor Vehicles Act does not cover the risk of gratuitous passengers, such as pillion riders, unless additional premium is paid.
An 'Act Only' insurance policy does not cover passengers unless additional premium is paid, exonerating the insurer from liability for compensation.
An Act policy under the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 does not cover the risk of death or bodily injuries to gratuitous passengers, such as pillion riders.
Login now and unlock free premium legal research
Login to SupremeToday AI and access free legal analysis, AI highlights, and smart tools.
Login
now!
India’s Legal research and Law Firm App, Download now!
Copyright © 2023 Vikas Info Solution Pvt Ltd. All Rights Reserved.