IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD
Divyesh A. Joshi, J.
Rahul Gangwal S/o Mahendrakumar Gangwal - Appellant
Vs.
State Of Gujarat & Ors. - Respondent
Special Criminal Application (Quashing) No. 6256 of 2015
With
Special Criminal Application No. 6258 of 2015
Decided On : 18-04-2024
Non-Bailable Warrant - Criminal Procedure - FEMA, IPC, PMLA - Summary of the judgment's legal framework
Fact of the Case:
The petitioner was implicated in a case involving hawala racket and online cricket betting. The Enforcement Directorate conducted searches and seized incriminating documents. The petitioner was summoned to give statements but failed to appear, leading to the issuance of a non-bailable warrant.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the non-bailable warrant was issued without following proper procedure and judicial guidelines. It was observed that the warrant should have been preceded by summons or a bailable warrant, and the court should have recorded satisfaction before issuing a non-bailable warrant.
Issues: The main issue was the legality of the non-bailable warrant issued against the petitioner without following proper procedure and judicial guidelines.
Ratio Decidendi: The court held that the issuance of a non-bailable warrant should be preceded by summons or a bailable warrant, and the court should record satisfaction before issuing a non-bailable warrant.
Final Decision: The non-bailable warrant issued against the petitioner was converted into a bailable warrant, and the petitioner was directed to appear before the Designated Court and furnish surety.
JUDGMENT :
1. As similar set of facts and law are involved in both the petitions and challenge in both the petitions is the impugned order dated 30.05.2015 passed by the learned Sessions Judge & Designated Special Judge, Ahmedabad (Rural), whereby, non- bailable warrant came to be issued against the petitioners, both the petitions are required to be heard analogously and decided by this Court with this common judgment.
2. For deciding the present petitions, the facts of Special Criminal Application No.6256 of 2015 are taken into consideration. By way of preferring present petition under Article 226 and 227 of the Constitution of India read with Section 482 and 483 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, the petitioner has prayed for the following relief/s:
(B) To issue a Writ of Mandamus and/or Writ of Certiorari and/or any other writ, order or direction, directing to convert Non- bailable warrant summons into bailable warrant and further to direct the Hon'ble Designated Special Court, Ahmedabad to take such surety as directed by this Hon'ble Court by Order dated 19/11/2014 in Special Criminal Application No. 4697 of 2014;
(C) At the interim / ad-interim stage, this Hon'ble Court may be pleased to restrain the Respondents from taking any coercive steps prejudicial to the Petitioner's interests, during the pendency of the Petition, and to grant stay of his arrest, or to issue a direction to grant interim bail till final disposal of the Instant Petition in the event of the Petitioner's arrest or appearance before the Learned Designated Court;
(D) To pass any other and further orders as may be deemed fit and proper.
(E) To provide for the costs of this petition.
3. The brief facts as narrated in the memo of the petition are as under:
3.2. The Petitioner learnt that the Police registered FIR. No. 85/2015 based on the documents and digital items supplied by the authorities under FEMA against Shri Girish P. Patel @ Tommy Patel, Shri Kiran J. Mala, Shri Dharmendra V. Chauhan @ Dharmin Chauhan & Shri Chirag Parikh for commission of offences in terms of Section 1208 read with 418, 419, 420, 467 and 471 of Indian Penal Code which are scheduled offences in terms off PMLA.
3.3. Pursuant to the aforesaid FIR No.85/2015, the Investigation under provisions of PML Act 2002 were being conducted vide Enforcement Case Information Report (ECIR) No. ECIR/03/AMZO/2015 by Respondent No.2 to ascertain, identify, locate proceeds of crime generated as a result of alleged Criminal activities by Shri Girish P. Patel @ Tommy Patel, Shri Kiran J. Mala, Shri Dharmendra V. Chauhan, Shri Chirag Parekh and unknown accused as others which constitutes commission of offence in terms of Section 3 of PMLA.
3.4. The Respondent No.2 approached the Designated Court under PMLA for issuance of Non- Bailable Warrant against t
The judgment established that the issuance of a non-bailable warrant should follow proper procedure and judicial guidelines, including the recording of satisfaction by the court.
Non-bailable warrants cannot be issued in a routine manner and must be supported by specific reasons to protect individual liberties under Articles 21 and 22 of the Constitution.
Issuance of Non-Bailable Warrants requires specific justifications and must not occur routinely; individual liberty should be prioritized unless necessitated by compelling circumstances.
Non-bailable warrants should not be issued routinely and must be justified with specific reasons, emphasizing the balance between individual rights and public interest.
Non-bailable warrants cannot be issued routinely; courts must provide adequate reasoning and evidence to justify such action, ensuring individual liberty is not curtailed without necessity.
Non-bailable warrants must not be issued routinely and require specific judicial justification to protect individual liberties as mandated by Article 21.
The court affirmed that under the PML Act, the burden of proof lies with the accused, and economic offences necessitate a stringent approach in judicial proceedings.
Non-bailable warrants cannot be issued in a routine manner; courts must ensure specific, reasoned justification for their necessity to protect individual liberties.
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