IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD
Divyesh A. Joshi, J.
Manishbhai Jayantibhai Patel - Appellant
Vs.
State Of Gujarat & Anr. - Respondent
Criminal Misc. Application (For Quashing & Set Aside Fir/Order) No. 7892 of 2018
With Criminal Misc.Application No. 8799 of 2018
Decided On : 01-05-2024
ABUSE OF PROCESS OF LAW - Criminal Procedure - Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, Section 482 - 376, 467, 468, 469, 471, 323, 504, 506(2), 498A, 114 - The court discussed the statutory requirement of Section 13 of the Notaries Act, 1952 and its non-compliance before registering the FIR. It also referred to the decision in Pankajbhai Ratilal Bakeri v. State of Gujarat, highlighting the legal bar against taking cognizance of an offence against a Notary unless the requirements of Section 13 of the Notaries Act, 1952 are satisfied. The court applied the legal principles outlined in State of Haryana v. Bhajan Lal and others, AIR 1992 SC 604, to determine the misuse and abuse of the process of law, leading to the quashing and setting aside of the FIR against the applicants.
Fact of the Case:
The FIR was registered for various offences under the Indian Penal Code against 7 accused persons, including an Advocate-cum-Notary and a priest, related to a marriage and forgery of documents.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that the FIR was a clear misuse and abuse of the process of law insofar as the applicants were concerned, leading to the quashing and setting aside of the FIR and all consequential proceedings arising from it.
Issues: The issues involved the statutory requirement of Section 13 of the Notaries Act, 1952, the involvement of the applicants in the alleged offences, and the misuse and abuse of the process of law.
Ratio Decidendi: The court applied the legal principles outlined in State of Haryana v. Bhajan Lal and others, AIR 1992 SC 604, to determine the misuse and abuse of the process of law, leading to the quashing and setting aside of the FIR against the applicants.
Final Decision: The applications succeeded, and the FIR and all consequential proceedings arising from it were quashed and set aside qua the applicants.
ORDER :
1. As common questions of law and facts are involved in both the applications and both the applications arise out of the selfsame FIR, with the consent of learned advocates appearing for the parties, the matters are taken up for final hearing and are being disposed of by this common order.
2. The present applications have been filed under Section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 for quashing and setting aside of the FIR being C.R.No.I-68 of 2018 registered with Kadi Police Station, District Mehsana for the offence punishable under Sections 376, 467, 468, 469, 471, 323, 504, 506(2), 498A and 114 of the Indian Penal Code and all consequential proceedings arising out of the said FIR qua the applicants.
3. The brief facts of the case are as under:
4. Heard learned advocates Mr. Kuldip Acharya appearing on behalf of learned advocate Mr. Mrugen K. Purohit and learned advocate Mr. Dave for the applicants and learned APP Mr. Hardik Soni for the respondent – State.
5. Learned advocate Mr. Acharya submits that applicant of Criminal Misc. Application No.7892 of 2018 is an Advocate-cum-Notary and it is alleged that he had notarized the documents at the relevant time. Learned advocate Mr. Acharya further submits that as per Section 13 of the Notaries Act, 1952, no court shall take cognizance of any offence committed by a notary in the exercise or purported exercise of his functions under the said Act unless a complaint in writing has been made by an officer authorized by the Central Government or a State Government by general or special order in this behalf. Admittedly, in the present case, there is no compliance of statutory requirement of Section 13 of the Notaries Act, 1952. Learned advocate Mr. Acharya has put reliance upon the decision of this Court in Pankajbhai Ratilal Bakeri v. State of Gujarat, reported in 2022 (1) Crimes (HC) 139 and submitted that in similar set of facts and circumstances, the Coordinate Bench of this Court has quashed and set aside the FIR. Learned advocate Mr. Acharya, therefore, submits that the issue involved in the present applications is squarely covered by the aforesaid decision and therefore the FIR in question may be quashed and set aside qua the applicant.
6. Learned advocate Mr
Pankajbhai Ratilal Bakeri v. State of Gujarat
The central legal point established in the judgment is that for initiating proceedings against a notary, a written complaint by an authorized officer as required by Section 13 of the Notaries Act, 19....
No cognizance of offences by notary in exercise of functions under Notaries Act without written complaint by authorized officer of Central/State Government. FIR quashed for non-compliance with Sectio....
The central legal point established in the judgment is the legal bar against taking cognizance of an offence committed by a notary without following the procedure as contemplated under Section 13 of ....
No cognizance can be taken against the present applicant in terms of Section 13 of the Notaries Act, 1952. It is apparent from the provisions of Section 13 of the Notaries Act that if the offence is ....
The power to quash criminal proceedings should be exercised sparingly and with circumspection, and the Court cannot conduct a mini-trial while exercising jurisdiction under Section 482 of Cr.P.C. Add....
No court can take cognizance of offences by a Notary in exercise or purported exercise of functions without written complaint by authorized Central/State Government officer per Section 13 Notaries Ac....
The main legal point established is that the cognizance of an offense committed by a notary under the Notaries Act can only be taken upon a written complaint by an authorized officer, as per Section ....
The Notary's failure to verify the identity of the deponent during notarization constitutes professional misconduct, negating protections under the Notaries Act.
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