IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD
BIREN VAISHNAV, MAULIK J.SHELAT, JJ.
State Of Gujarat – Appellant
Versus
Kaluram Khimji Modiya – Respondent
R/Criminal Appeal No. 1061 of 2003
Decided on : 04-12-2024
(A) Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 - Section 378 - Appeal against acquittal - The State appeals against acquittal of accused for murder and related charges - The Trial Court acquitted based on contradictions in witness testimonies and insufficient evidence - The appellate court found no grounds to overturn the acquittal. (Paras 1, 12)
(B) Acquittal - Scope and principles - The appellate court has full power to review evidence but must respect the presumption of innocence and only overturn if the trial court's reasoning is perverse or not supported by evidence. (Paras 9, 10)
Facts of the case:
The prosecution alleged that the accused murdered the complainant's son due to suspicions of an illicit relationship, but the Trial Court found the evidence insufficient to support the charges. (Paras 2-5)
Findings of Court:
The evidence presented was contradictory and did not establish guilt beyond reasonable doubt, leading to the acquittal of the accused. (Paras 8.3, 12)
Issues: The main issue was whether the evidence was sufficient to uphold the charges against the accused. (Paras 6.1, 8.1)
Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized that an appellate court should not disturb an acquittal unless the trial court's reasoning is found to be perverse or unsupported by the evidence. (Paras 9, 10)
Result: Appeal dismissed, and the acquittal by the Trial Court is upheld.
JUDGMENT :
(PER : HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE BIREN VAISHNAV)
1. This appeal has been filed by the appellant-State under Section 378 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, against the judgement and order of acquittal passed by the learned Additional Sessions Judge, Fast Track Court, Himmatnagar, in Sessions Case No.165 of 2000 on 31.05.2003. By the aforesaid judgement, the Trial Court has acquitted the respondent-accused of the offenses punishable under Sections 302, 201, 506(2) read with Section 34 of the Indian Penal Code.
2. The brief case of the prosecution is that on 18.04.1997 at around 16:30, on Vijaynagar-Rani road, the deceased son of the complainant i.e. Maganbhai Ravjibhai and her other son named Babubhai Ravjibhai came home in a jeep. They stepped down from the jeep. At that time, the above named accused along with Dinesh Ratnaji Modia, Prabhu Khimji Modia and Shantilal Punaji Modia, all residents of Rani, Khervada, having doubt on the deceased that he had illicit relationship with one Kantaben, had beaten up the deceased, more particularly on his private part with a wooden log and strangulated him and committed the offence punishable as mentioned herein above. It is also alleged that thereafter, the dead body was removed from the road and hanged with the branch of a tree to create an impression of suicide. The accused had also threatened to kill the eyewitness i.e. brother of the deceased Babubhai Ravji. Therefore, with a common intention and to destroy the evidence, the above-mentioned offence has been committed.
3. In pursuance of the above allegation, the Investigating Agency during the course of investigation recorded statements of the witnesses, drew various panchnamas including panchnama of scene of offence, panchnama of clothes, dead body and the PM was carried out etc. for the purpose of proving of the offence. Appropriate medical and expert evidence is also recorded as required.
4. Upon committal of the case, the Trial Court framed charges vide Exh.13 against the Respondents-Accused for the aforesaid offences. The Respondent-Accused pleaded not guilty and was tried. The prosecution has examined 10 prosecution witnesses and also produced various documentary evidence before the Trial Court. The details of the evidence led by the prosecution are reproduced in a tabular form hereunder:
| PW No. | Exh No. | Pg. No | Name and particulars | Judgment Para/Pg.No. |
| 1 | 29 | 36 | Narendrakumar Pander-Dr.P.M. describes injury, strangulation, however, initially does not confirm till expert report is not available. | Para-4, pg.105, Para-10, pg.115-116 |
| 2 | 33 | 53 | Ramjibhai Klaswa-Panch of deadbody and scene.(Inquest) (Scene) |
|
| 3. | 35 | 56 | Maniben Parmar-Complainant- Mother- contradictions, unnatural behaviour as not registered any offence about prior incidents. | Para-9, pg.112-113, Para-10,114 |
| 4 | 37 | 62 | Babubhai Parmar-Brother-saw them beating and ran away, did not went to any nearby police station, contradictions with mother, was in Std-3 at the time of incident. | Para5,6,7,8,9 pg.105-111, Para-10, 114 |
| 5 | 38 | 65 | Naniben Nonama-She first reported the dead body in forest. | Para-5, pg.106 |
| 6 | 39 | 66 | Arjanbhai Ninama-cousin of deceased, informed complainant about deadbody, works in forest department. |
|
| 7. | 40 | 67 | Shantilal Kalal-Kirana Shop ownerdoes not support prosecution case-Hostile |
|
| 8. | 41 | 68 | Nandlal Kodarbhai-PSO, Vijaynagar Police Station. |
|
| 9 | 43 | 71 | Khimjibhai Barda-CPI, Idar- accepts did not examine or investigate prior injuries and treatment, no independent witness cited in charge-sheet. | Para 9, Pg.112 |
| 10 | 51 | 96 | Lakhabhai Vankar-H.C., Vijaynagar Police Station |
|
Documentary Evidences
| Exh-No. | Pg.No. | Particulars |
| 25 | 29 | |
Rajesh Singh & Others vs. State of Uttar Pradesh reported in (2011) 11 SCC 444
Bhaiyamiyan Alias Jardar Khan and Another vs. State of Madhya Pradesh reported in (2011) 6 SCC 394
Chandrappa and ors. vs. State of Karnataka reported in (2007) 4 SCC 415
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