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2025 Supreme(Guj) 1635

IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD
J.C. DOSHI, J.
Damjibhai Hansrajbhai Gamdha and Another - Appellants
Versus
State of Gujarat and Another - Respondents
Criminal Misc. Application (For Quashing & Set Aside FIR/Order) No. 14689 of 2016
Decided On : 20-06-2025

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellant : Pratik Y. Jasani
For the Respondent: Tirthraj Pandya

Successive acts of copyright infringement provide fresh cause of action; courts exercise quashing powers sparingly, primarily focusing on whether the allegations constitute a cognizable offense.

Headnote:(A) Copyright Act, 1957 - Sections 63, 65, and 69 - Quashing of FIR - FIR registered for copyright infringement regarding artistic work on chewing lime bags - Petitioners challenged the FIR asserting it as mala fide and abusive of process due to multiple proceedings initiated by the complainant - Court found prima facie case of copyright infringement and held that successive acts of infringement provide fresh cause of action, rejecting the petitioner's claims. (Paras 1, 7, 10, 11, 12, 15)

(B) Inherent Powers of High Court - Section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 - Power to quash FIR exercised sparingly; courts should not engage in evaluating evidence at this stage but rather assess whether the allegations constitute a cognizable offense. (Paras 12, 14, 15)

Facts of the case:
Petitioners running a business for producing and selling chewing lime allege that the respondent filed frivolous complaints against them, claiming infringement of a registered artistic work. The history of civil and criminal litigations was considered. (Paras 2.1, 2.3)

Findings of Court:
The petitioners' argument of abuse of legal process and mala fide intentions in filing the FIR was rejected; evidence showed a continuing breach of rights under the Copyright Act. (Paras 10, 11)

Issues: Whether multiple filings by the complainant constitute abuse of legal process, and if the FIR was maintainable despite previous settlements. (Paras 3, 11)

Ratio Decidendi: The court stated that multiple acts of infringement provide continuous cause for action regardless of prior settlements, emphasizing the exclusive rights of the copyright owner to maintain both civil and criminal actions for infringement. (Paras 10, 15)

Result: Petition dismissed; FIR stands.

Table of Content
1. factual background of the case. (Para 1 , 2)
2. petitioners argue abuse of process through multiple firs. (Para 3)
3. respondent defends validity of fir based on continuous breach. (Para 5)
4. details about the artistic work owned by complainant and its infringement. (Para 6 , 7)
5. clarification on permissible acts under section 52 of the copyright act. (Para 9)
6. fresh cause of action arises with each infringement. (Para 10 , 11)
7. guidance from supreme court regarding quashing proceedings. (Para 12 , 13 , 14)
8. no grounds found to quash fir. (Para 15)
9. petition dismissed and interim relief vacated. (Para 16)

ORDER :

1. By way of this application under Section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (hereinafter referred to as ”the Code”), the petitioners have prayed for quashing and setting aside FIR being C.R.No.II – 115 of 2016 registered with Panchkoshi "B" Division Police Station, Jamnagar for the offences punishable under Sections 63 , 65 and 69 of the Copy Right Act, 1957 as well as all other consequential proceedings arising out of the aforesaid FIR qua the petitioner herein.

2. Brief facts of the case are as under:-

2.1. The petitioners are running partnership firm in the name of Radekrishna Products and doing business of producing, processing, selling and marketing different type of edible lime for betel nut pan and pan masala at Jamnagar. The petitioners are selling their product under different brand names i.e. BABU, NEW PATEL, SHRI BHOLE BAPA. The petitioners are using trademark "BABU" since 2006 and upon request of petitioners trademark "BABU CHUNA" came to be assigned in favour of the petitioners. Respondent no.2 on 30.07.2012 instituted Civil Suit against the petitioners being Civil Suit No.4 of 2012 for infringement and against use of BABU artistic label. The petitioners on being served with summons appeared and also filed application under Order VII Rule 11 of CPC raising manifold contention. As on date, the suit is pending. Thereafter, petitioners gathered information that respondent no.2 is using trademark "BABU" and therefore, petitioners filed Regular Civil Suit No.7 of 2012 as respondent no.2 committed act of infringement of registered trademark. Respondent no.2 appeared in the said suit and while the two suits were pending, respondent no.2 not being successful in getting any injunction in his favour, filed complaint before Panchkoshi "B" Division Police Station, Jamnagar being II-C.R.No.141 of 2012 under the provisions of Copy Right Act. That filing of charge-sheet culminated into registration of Criminal Case No.1085 of 2013.

2.2. That the petitioners thereafter filed a petition before this Hon'ble Court being Criminal Misc. Application no. 19369/2013, whereby the petitioners have challenged the complaint being II- CR No. 141/2012 filed by the respondent no.2 against the petitioners before Panchkoshi "B" Division Police Station, Jamnagar as well as filing of the charge-sheet and the proceedings of Criminal Case no. 1085/2013 pending before the Court of learned Chief Judicial Magistrate, Jamnagar. The petitioners state that this Hon'ble Court, vide order dated 04.12.2013, was pleased to issue notice to the respondents. That, though the respondent no.2 was served, did not appear. That, as on date, the above-referred petition being Criminal Misc. Application no. no. 19369/2013 is pending consideration before this Hon'ble Court.

2.3. That the respondent no.2, on 08.10.2013, has filed a complaint before Rajkot Taluka Police Station being II-CR No. 89/2013 against one Shri Umeshbhai Ravjibhai Nasit and Shri Maheshbhai Dhanjibhai Ramani under the provisions of Section 63 , 65 and 69 of the COPYRIGHT ACT , inter-alla, alleging that the said accused named therein are infringing his copyrighted article which has received protection under registration no. 100015/2013. The petitioners state that the said accused namely Shri Umeshbhai Ravjibhai Nasit and Shri Maheshbhai Dhanjibhai Ramani has preferr

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