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2025 Supreme(Guj) 1793

IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD
BHARGAV D. KARIA, L. S. PIRZADA, JJ.
S.A. Infracom Through Sanjay Lalda Patel - Appellant
Versus
Jetpur-Navagadh Nagarpalika Through Chief Officer - Respondent
Special Civil Application No. 15143 of 2024
Decided On : 06-11-2025

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared: For the Appellant :Munjaal M Bhatt For the Respondent: Mr Bhavesh P Trivedi, Mr RR Trivedi

Blacklisting in public contracts requires compelling evidence of misconduct; mere disputes over contract terms do not justify severe penalties.

Headnote:(A) Article 226 of the Constitution of India - Blacklisting and Debarring - Blacklisting of the petitioner by respondent was quashed due to lack of fraud or malpractice allegations and the existence of a bona fide dispute regarding contract work. Supreme Court principles outlined that blacklisting, as a severe penalty, should only apply when justified by significant evidence of misconduct. (Paras 5.10, 18, 20)

(B) Contracts in Public Procurement - The State must ensure fair treatment and due process before blacklisting, which is deemed a disproportionate penalty for ordinary breaches of contract. (Paras 5.9, 18)

Facts of the case:
A petition was filed to challenge the blacklisting of the petitioner, invoked due to perceived non-compliance with tender terms regarding the dismantling of electric poles, which the petitioner disputed as extra work.

Findings of Court:
The court determined the blacklisting was disproportionate as it did not stem from fraud or misconduct, affecting the petitioner's business viability and reputation.

Issues: The validity of blacklisting due to alleged non-compliance with contract terms and whether the enforcement of penalties was proportionate.

Ratio Decidendi: A blacklisting that causes civil death must be supported by compelling evidence; where bona fide disputes arise, blacklisting should generally be avoided.

Result: The blacklisting resolution was quashed, allowing for possible resolution of contract disputes.

Table of Content
1. facts surrounding the blacklisting of the petitioner and contractual obligations. (Para 5)
2. arguments for and against the legitimacy of blacklisting. (Para 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 11 , 12)
3. court’s analysis and observations on the facts and legal principles. (Para 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17)
4. court's reasoning on authority and appropriate use of blacklisting. (Para 18 , 19 , 20)
5. final decision to quash the blacklisting order. (Para 21)

JUDGMENT :

(PER : HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE BHARGAV D. KARIA)

1. Heard learned advocate Mr. Munjaal M. Bhatt for the petitioner and learned advocate Mr. Bhavesh P. Trivedi for the respondent.

2. Having regard to the controversy in narrow compass with the consent of the learned advocates appearing on behalf of respective parties, the matter is taken up for the final hearing.

3. Rule returnable forthwith. Learned advocate Mr. Bhavesh P. Trivedi waives service of notice of Rule on behalf of the respondent.

4. By this petition under article 226 of the Constitution of India, the petitioner has prayed for the following reliefs:

a) This Hon’ble Court may be pleased to issue an appropriate writ of mandamus or any other writ, order or direction quashing and setting aside the impugned order dated 14.03.2024, received on 11.10.2024, passed by the Respondent (Annexure-M); aa) This Hon’ble Court may be pleased to issue an appropriate writ of mandamus or any other writ, order or direction quashing and setting aside the impugned order dated 28.02.2025, passed by the Respondent (Annexure A-1);

b) Pending hearing and final disposal of the present Special Civil Application, this Hon’ble Court may be pleased to stay the operation, implementation and execution of the impugned order dated 14.03.2024, received on 11.10.2024, passed by the Respondent (Annexure-M); bb)Pending hearing and final disposal of the present Special Civil Application, this Hon’ble Court may be pleased to stay the operation, implementation and execution of the impugned order dated 28.02.2025, passed by the Respondent (Annexure A-1);

c) Pending hearing and final disposal of the present Special Civil Application and considering that the Bank Guarantee stands invoked by the Respondent, this Hon’ble Court may be pleased to mark lien on the amount invoked by the Respondent under the Bank Guarantee amounting to Rs.6,55,000/-;

5. The brief facts of the case are as under:

5.1 The Respondent Jetpur – Navagadh Nagarpalika floated a tender for “Supply, Installation, Testing and Commissioning of CCMS Box and Street Light with Pole and Its Related Accessories.” The contract value was estimated at Rs.2,18,24,758/- and the completion time was stipulated for 6 months from the date of site handover by the respondent.

5.2 The Defect Liability Period was set at one year from the completion date. The petitioner was declared as L1 for a total contract value of Rs.2,01,31,156.77/-. The petitioner also furnished a Bank Guarantee of Rs.6,55,000/- in compliance of the letter dated 14.10.2022 issued by the respondent on 20.10.2022.

5.3 Thereafter, a contract agreement was entered into between the petitioner and the respondent on 01.11.2022. On entering the contract agreement, work order was issued by the respondent. The petitioner completed the work as per the work order. However, there was a dispute with regard to dismantling of existing electric poles and its incidental work to be carried out by the petitioner. According to the petitioner, such work was not within the scope of the contract agreement and it was an extra item as no such item was referred to in bill of quantities or the tender description. The petitioner therefore, did not carry out the work of dismantling the existing pole and the incidental work as directed by the respondent.

5.4 The respondent thereafter, issued the notices to the petitioner dated 04.09.2023, 22.09.2023 and 09.01.2024 and separate replies were filed by the petitioner dated 17.01.2024 and 19.02.2024 contending that the petitioner shall carr

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