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2025 Supreme(Guj) 1871

IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD
J. C. DOSHI, J.
Mahendrabhai Devsinh Desai & Ors. – Petitioners 
Versus 
State Of Gujarat – Respondent 
R/Criminal MISC. Application (For Quashing & Set Aside Fir/Order) No. 12202 Of 2012 With R/Criminal MISC. Application No. 16100 Of 2012 With R/Special Criminal Application No. 2744 Of 2013 With R/Special Criminal Application No. 3647 Of 2013
Decided On : 08-09-2025

Advocates Appeared:
Mr. Vishal K. Anandjiwala, Mr Hriday Buch for Mr. Jay M Thakkar, Mr IM Pandya, Mr Jayant Panchal, SR. Adv. with Ms Amrita Ajmera, Mr Pankaj A Kapadia, Mr Aftabhusen Ansari, Mr Karan U. Vyas, Mr Vishal K Anandjiwala, Mr Chintan Dave, Addl. Public Prosecutor.

The court highlighted the necessity for a thorough evaluation of evidence before rejecting a discharge application, emphasizing that mere suspicion without substantial proof is insufficient for prosecution.

Headnote:(A) Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 - Section 239 - Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Sections 365, 344, 419, 467, 468, 471, 406, 120B - Discharge of accused - The court ruled that the learned trial Court and Sessions Court failed to sufficiently assess the material placed before them under Section 173 - Allegations against the petitioners were as bona fide purchasers without notice and lacked sufficient evidence - The court emphasized the importance of a thorough evaluation of evidence before a discharge application - Orders declining discharge quashed and remanded for fresh consideration. (Paras 13, 20, 28.1-28.5)

Facts of the case:
The petitioners were accused in a police FIR regarding fraudulent property transactions alleged to have been facilitated through forged power of attorney. The first informant learned of the fraud after noticing irregularities in property transactions involving deceased relatives. The cases involved several petitions challenging the trial court's orders refusing to discharge the petitioners.

Findings of Court:
The trial and revisional courts did not adequately discuss the evidence nor provided sufficient justification for upholding charges against the petitioners.

Issues: The main issues included whether the petitioners were legitimate purchasers or conspirators in property fraud, and whether sufficient grounds existed for their prosecution based on the evidence presented.

Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized that before a charge is framed against accused persons, a thorough sifting of evidence must confirm sufficient grounds for charges, and suspicion should be founded on material capable of being translated into evidence.

Result: Applications allowed, and earlier orders quashed; cases remanded for fresh consideration.

Table of Content
1. filing of applications related to fir. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. overview of consolidated petitions for decision. (Para 4 , 5)
3. arguments regarding bona fide purchasers' defense. (Para 6)
4. defense submission related to notary actions. (Para 7)
5. submission regarding limited role of the lawyer. (Para 8)
6. complainant's argument and evidence against the accused. (Para 9)
7. status of pending relief claim in application. (Para 10)
8. prosecutor's submission and need for no interference. (Para 11)
9. court's duty to sift material before trial. (Para 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17)
10. discussion on discharge motions and required evidentiary standards. (Para 18 , 19 , 20 , 21)
11. analysis of prior orders concerning discharge and material review. (Para 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26)
12. final directive for remanding discharge applications. (Para 27)
13. conclusion of orders regarding applications and their status. (Para 28 , 29)

JUDGMENT :

J.C. DOSHI, J.

1. I proposed to decide captioned petitions by this common judgment and order, as they are pertaining to selfsame FIR having involved similar issue.

2. In Criminal Misc. Application No.12202 of 2012 filed u/s 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 , the petitioners claimed following relief:-

a. call for the record and proceedings of court of Criminal Case No.62/2012 of the court of JMFC, Patdi and examine the same;

b. quash and set aside the order passed by the learned J.M.F.C. Patdi, dated 05/06/2012 below Exh. 56 in Criminal Case No.62/2012. Exh. 56;

c. allow Exh.56 preferred by the accused-applicants Criminal seeking discharge in Special Case No. 62/2012 pending in the Court of Ld. JMFC, Patdi and discharge the accused revisionists;

d. pending admission and/or final disposal of this application, further proceedings of Criminal Case No.62/2012 pending in the Court of Ld. JMFC, Patdi, be stayed;”

The petitioners of aforesaid petition are arraigned as accused Nos.1 to 3 in the FIR and accused Nos.5 to 7 in the charge sheet.

2.1 In Criminal Misc. Application No.16100 of 2012 filed u/s 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 , the petitioner claimed following relief:-

“a. Call for the record and proceedings of Court of Criminal Case No. 62 of 2012 of the Court of learned Judicial Magistrate First Class, Patdi and be further pleased to allow discharge application.

b. Quash and set aside the impugned order passed on 23rd October 2012 by the learned Additional Sessions Judge, Dhangadhra in Criminal Revision Application No. 12 of 2012.

c. Pending admission and final disposal of this application, further proceedings of Criminal Case NO. 62 of 2012 pending in the court of learned Judicial Magistrate, Patdi, be stayed.”

The petitioner of aforesaid petition is arraigned as accused No.5 in the FIR and accused No.9 in the charge sheet.

2.2 In Special Criminal Application No.2744 of 2013 filed under Article 226 of the Constitution of India r/w section 239 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, the petitioner claimed following relief:-

b. Be pleased to quash and set aside the FIR lodged with Patdi Police station being CR No.I 0039/2010 as well as consequential proceedings arising out of the said complaint qua the present petitioner.

c. Be pleased to quash and set aside order passed by the Ld. Additional Sessions Judge, Dhangadhra dated 29.06.2013 in Criminal Revision Application no. 16 of 2012 and the order passed below Exh. 54 in Criminal Case No. 62 of 2012;

d. Be pleased to allow Exh. 54 preferred by the accused applicant seeking discharge in Criminal Case No. 62 of 2012 pending in the court of Ld. JMFC, Patdi;

The aforesaid petitioner is not named in the FIR, however, arraigned as accused No.3 in the charge sheet.

2.3 In Special Criminal Application No.3647 of 2013 filed under Article 226 of the Constitution of India r/w section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 , the petitioner claimed following relief:-

a. to transfer the investigation to CBI or any other higher police agency of CID Crime, in

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