IN THE GAUHATI HIGH COURT (THE HIGH COURT OF ASSAM, NAGALAND, MIZORAM & ARUNCHAL PRADESH) AIZAWL BENCH : AIZAWL
NELSON SAILO, J.
Sh. K. Sanglawma, S/o Kapduna (L) – Appellant
Versus
The State of Mizoram Represented by the Chief Secretary to the Government of Mizoram, Aizawl – Respondent
RFA No. 35 of 2012
Decided on : 28-10-2022
Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 – Section 26(1) – Order-VII, Rule 11 – Indian Evidence Act, 1872 – Indian Stamp Act, 1996 – Succession Act, 1925 – Trusts Act, 1882 – Every suit shall be instituted by presentation of a plaint or in such other manner as may be prescribed – This is an appeal filed by appellant against Judgment & Order passed by Senior Civil Judge, l District, Title Suit – Appellant was plaintiff before Trial Court and likewise, present respondents were defendants – Learned Trial Court vide impugned Judgment & Order dismissed Suit – Aggrieved with same, plaintiff as appellant is before this Court – Held, In result, impugned Judgment & Order is set aside and matter remanded back to learned Trial Court for consideration afresh from stage of arguments and hearing parties by giving them reasonable opportunity – This liberty is given keeping in mind fact that much development has taken place on disputed land as can be noticed from spot verification attempted on as directed by this Court – On remand, learned Trial Court shall issue notice to parties by fixing a date for appearance of parties and to receive further orders and take steps as mentioned herein above – Since matter has been pending for quite some time, learned Trial Court shall make an endeavor to dispose of case as expeditiously as possible – appeal disposed.
JUDGMENT :
Heard Mr. A.R. Malhotra, learned counsel for the appellant/plaintiff and Ms. Mary L. Khiangte, learned Government Advocate appearing for the State respondent/defendant Nos.1 to 4. Also heard Mr. Zochhuana, learned counsel for the respondent/defendant No. 5.
2. This is an appeal filed by the appellant against the Judgment & Order dated 27.06.2012 passed by the Senior Civil Judge-I, Aizawl District, Aizawl in Title Suit No. 9/2008. The appellant was the plaintiff before the Trial Court and likewise, the present respondents were the defendants. The learned Trial Court vide the impugned Judgment & Order dated 27.06.2012 dismissed the Suit. Aggrieved with the same, the plaintiff as appellant is before this Court.
3. Brief facts of the case as projected by the appellant is that he purchased a certain plot of land, which was a part of LSC No. 668 of 1976 from one Smt. Debu Thapani by executing a Sale Deed dated 21.12.1995 for a considered sum of Rs. 5,00,000/-(Rupees Five Lakhs). The dimension and boundary of the purchased land was mentioned in the Sale Deed. According to the appellant, Smt. Debu Thapani survived her late mother Smt. Mangali Thapani and she looked after the landed property after obtaining Heirship Certificate No. 293/1993 in respect of LSC No. 668 of 1976. However, while the said LSC was in her custody, the same was stolen by her nephew Sh. Lalzuiliana, alias Budea, S/o Gone Thapa (L) and he caused the partition of the said LSC into 5 (five) different plots as follows:-
(ii) Rosiama - LSC No. 858/1993
(iii) LilaThapa - LSC No. 859/1993
(iv) JamunaThapa - LSC No. 860/1993
(v) Lalzuiliana - LSC No. 861/1993
4. Smt. Debu Thapani then made a complaint on the partition of LSC No. 668 of 1976 in the names of the persons as mentioned above and subsequently, she filed a Civil Suit, which was registered and numbered as Civil Suit No. 5/1995. The Civil Suit was disposed of by the learned Trial Court vide Judgment & Order dated 25.03.2003 with a finding that the plaintiff Smt. Debu Thapani was entitled to relief to the extent it was mentioned in the judgment. The operative portion of the judgment may be abstracted below:-
(ii) Demarcation lines of LSCs between those of the defendant Nos. 5 & 8 and the plaintiff shall be modified accordingly by the defendant Nos. 1 -4 at the instant of the plaintiff within 60 (sixty) days from the date of the order.”
5. That since the appellant had purchased some portion of the land from Smt. Debu Thapani, he was about to make developments on the suit land. However, Smt. Phulmaya Thapa and her children instituted a Declaratory Suit No. 1/1998 by making Smt. Debu Thapani and the appellant as the defendants. The Declaratory Suit came to be dismissed vide Judgment & Order dated 17.10.2006. Smt. Phulmaya Thapa and her children being dissatisfied with the dismissal of the suit filed an appeal, i.e., RFA No. 18/2006 before the appellate Court but the same was also dismissed vide Judgment & Order dated 21.08.2007 and the right and title in respect of the suit land in favour of the appellant was confirmed. Despite such being the case, the respondent Nos. 1 to 4 in the meantime had issued LSC No. 103102/01/1281 of 2005 to the respondent No. 5 on the strength of an alleged Sale Deed executed by Sh. Baitea, S/o Sene (L) in favour of the respondent No. 5 for the very same land purchased by the appellant. The appellant therefore being aggrieved instituted Title Suit No. 9/2008 praying for a decree to declare his right and title over the suit land after the cancellation of the LSC issued to the respondent No. 5. The appellant also sought for modification of the order under Memo No. 21011/39/07-DC(A)/206 dated 25.01.2008 for effecting cancellation of the LSC issued to the re
Jiten Borah Vs. Union of India & Others reported in 2012 (5) GauLT 347
Life Insurance Corporation of India & Another Vs. Ram Pal Singh Bisen reported in 2010 (4) SCC 491
Sinnamani & Anr. Vs. G. Vettivel & Ors.
Sewa Ram & Others Vs. Union of India & Others reported in 1997 (5) SCC 166
The main legal point established in the judgment is that ownership rights over land must be supported by valid evidence and in accordance with the provisions of the Mizo District (Land and Revenue) A....
The identification of the disputed land is crucial in land disputes, and the requirement to prove a Sale Deed by examining the vendor is not applicable without a specific denial of the appellant's ri....
The appellate court's decision was deemed perverse for disregarding an unchallenged survey report on ownership, necessitating a re-evaluation of the case.
Ownership and encroachment claims on land require clear proof and adherence to established records, emphasizing the necessity of addressing specific issues raised during the trial.
The burden of proof in establishing adverse possession and the application of the Indian Limitation Act, 1963, are crucial legal principles established in the judgment.
The courts upheld the validity of a sale deed executed by a relative, finding no proof of ownership or possession by the appellant, thus affirming the dismissal of the appeal.
The Appellate Court erred in denying recovery of possession despite confirming the plaintiff's title, emphasizing that possession without title is unlawful.
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