IN THE HIGH COURT OF GAUHATI, ASSAM, NAGALAND, MIZORAM AND ARUNACHAL PRADESH
MICHAEL ZOTHANKHUMA, MITALI THAKURIA, JJ.
Prabitra Das – Appellant
Versus
The State of Assam – Respondent
Criminal Appeal No. 126 of 2016
Decided On : 10-10-2023
Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Sections 302, 34, 341, 323 – Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 - Section 313 - Murder offence – Appeal against conviction - Appeal has been filed against impugned judgment passed by learned Sessions Judge in Sessions Case by which two appellants have been convicted under Sections 302/34 IPC – Held, In case of Sukhdev Singh (supra) has clearly held that arguments of parties are to be heard after Section 313 Cr.P.C. stage is over and as same has not been done in present case, as can be seen from facts enumerated above, Court is of view that parties would have to give their final arguments afresh – Court is of view that there is no bar for learned Trial Court to consider examination of appellants under Section 313 Cr.P.C. made on both dates, while taking a fresh decision while disposing off Sessions Case - Learned Trial Court shall pass a fresh decision after hearing parties, without being influenced by any observations and findings made in impugned judgment and order - Consequently, impugned judgment passed by learned Sessions Judge is hereby set aside - Appeal is disposed of.
JUDGMENT :
MICHAEL ZOTHANKHUMA, J.
1. Heard Mr. S. Borgohain, learned counsel for the appellants. Also heard Ms. B. Bhuyan, learned Additional Public Prosecutor appearing for the State respondent.
2. The appeal has been filed against the impugned judgment dated 12.06.2015, passed by the learned Sessions Judge, Golaghat in Sessions Case No. 139/2003, by which the two appellants have been convicted under Sections 302/34 IPC and have been sentenced to undergo imprisonment for life with a fine of Rs. 5,000/- each, in default simple imprisonment for 2 (two) months. They were also convicted and sentenced to undergo simple imprisonment for a period of 1 (one) month under Sections 323/34 IPC and simple imprisonment for 15 (fifteen) days under Sections 341/34 IPC.
3. The brief facts of the case is that the two appellants in this case and one Pranabjyoti Das had been convicted under Sections 341/323/302/34 IPC vide judgment dated 27.02.2007, passed by the learned Sessions Judge, Golaghat in Sessions Case No. 139/2003.
4. The appellants and Pranabjyoti Das thereafter filed Criminal Appeal No. 76/2007 before this Court. Criminal Appeal No. 76/2007, which was disposed of vide order dated 05.12.2012, by remanding the case back to the learned Trial Court to determine the plea of juvenility taken by Pranabjyoti Das. This Court in its order dated 05.12.2012 also directed the learned Trial Court to examine the appellants under Section 313 Cr.P.C. as none of the incriminating circumstances contained in the evidence of PWs. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 had been laid before the appellants so as to elicit their explanations with regard thereto. Thereafter, the learned Trial Court was to proceed with the case, from the stage of examining the appellants herein under Section 313 Cr.P.C. and record its final verdict.
5. Consequent to the order dated 05.12.2012, passed in Criminal Appeal No. 76/2007, the learned Trial Court examined the plea of juvenility taken by Pranabjyoti Das and held that Pranabjyoti Das was a Juvenile. Thereafter, the learned Trial Court proceeded with the case against the appellant herein by examining them under Section 313 Cr.P.C. on 25.04.2013. The final arguments of the parties was thereafter heard by the learned Trial Court on 20.05.2015 and the case was disposed of vide the impugned judgment dated 12.06.2015, wherein the appellants were convicted under Sections 302/34, 341/34 and 323/34 IPC. However, the learned Trial Court had also passed a separate order on the date of disposal of the case, i.e. on 12.06.2015, stating that the learned Trial Court could not find the records of the examination of the appellants under Section 313 Cr.P.C. made on 25.04.2013. Accordingly, a fresh examination of the appellants under Section 313 Cr.P.C. was undertaken by the learned Trial Court on 12.06.2015, i.e. the date the impugned judgment was passed by the learned Trial Court.
6. On perusing the LCR, we have found the records of the previous examination of the appellants under Section 313 Cr.P.C. taken on 25.04.2013. The order sheet of the learned Trial Court also shows that the appellants had been examined under Section 313 Cr.P.C. on 25.04.2013. However, as the learned Trial Court could not find the examination of the appellants under Section 313 Cr.P.C. taken on 25.04.2013, the subsequent examination under Section 313 Cr.P.C. has been taken on 12.06.2015. Thus, it is quite apparent that there is irregularity in the manner in which the impugned judgment has been passed.
7. In the case of State of Maharashtra vs. Sukhdev Singh and Another, (1992) 3 SCC 700, the Supreme Court has held that after the Section 313 Cr.P.C. stage is over, the learned Trial Court has to hear the oral submissions of the counsels on the evidence adduced before pronouncing judgment on the evidence. The relevant paragraph 50 of the Supreme Court judgment in Sukhdev Singh (supra), wherein it has been stated that oral arguments are to be heard after the Section 313 Cr.P.C. stage is over,
SupremeToday
The examination of the accused under Section 313 of the Cr.P.C is not a mere formality and incriminating circumstances must be asked to the accused. The accused's opportunity to explain incriminating....
The main legal point established in the judgment is the importance of properly examining the accused under Section 313 of the CrPC to allow them to explain any circumstances appearing in the evidence....
(1) Where all incriminating evidence are not put to notice of appellants, there is clear breach of Section 313 Cr.P.C. as well as principle of audi alteram partem.(2) Claim of juvenility could be rai....
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(1) Court must ordinarily eschew material circumstances not put to accused from consideration while dealing with case of particular accused.(2) Examination of accused – Court is empowered to take hel....
The power under Section 311 CrPC is to be exercised judicially and not capriciously or arbitrarily, and only when the evidence sought to be obtained is essential to a just decision of the case.
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