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2025 Supreme(Gau) 1183

IN THE GAUHATI HIGH COURT (THE HIGH COURT OF ASSAM, NAGALAND, MIZORAM AND ARUNACHAL PRADESH) PRINCIPAL SEAT
ROBIN PHUKAN, J.
Ms. O. Anjana Devi, D/o Shri O. Churmoni Singha - Appellant 
Versus
The State of Assam - Respondent 
WP(C) No. 5428 of 2019
Decided on : 08-05-2025

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellant : Mr. M.K. Choudhury, Sr.Adv., Mr. A.U. Ahmed
For the Respondents: Mr. K. Gogoi, SC, Higher Edu., Mr. R.M. Das, Mr. R.R.Kaushik, SC, N.C. Hills, Mr. P.P. Dutta, SC, APSC.

The principle of equality mandates that similarly situated individuals must receive akin treatment regarding service regularization, emphasizing that the failure to regularize the petitioners while others were regularized is unjustifiable.

Headnote:(A) Constitution of India - Article 226 - Service Regularization - Petitioners prayed for regularization as Lecturers based on previous Cabinet decisions for similarly situated personnel. Court noted the petitioners possessed requisite qualifications but were not regularized. Court found respondents failed to explain negative discrimination and directed regularization before State Cabinet within three months. (Paras 24, 25)

(B) Discrimination - Petitioners argued equality before law under Articles 14 and 16, asserting right to similar treatment as other regularized lecturers. Court upheld this principle, emphasizing no negative equality in public service benefits. (Paras 18, 19)

Facts of the case:
Petitioners, initially appointed as Lecturers in 2001, sought regularization after years of service under contract. After obtaining qualifications, they argued they were denied regularization compared to similarly situated lecturers who had been regularized by Cabinet orders. Respondents contested the claim based on rules and prior terminations.

Findings of Court:
Court concluded that petitioners, being qualified and similarly placed as other lecturers who were regularized, are entitled to the same benefits.

Issues: Court addressed whether the petitioners have a right to regularization compared to similarly situated individuals and the legitimacy of applying different criteria for regularization.

Ratio Decidendi: Court reasoned that Articles 14 and 16 mandate equal treatment and pointed out that the respondents could not justify the inconsistency in regularization practices. Overall fairness in administration was highlighted.

Result: Petitioners' writ petition allowed; respondents directed to process regularization within three months.

Table of Content
1. petitioners' request for service regularization. (Para 2 , 3)
2. respondents' justifications against petitioners' regularization. (Para 4 , 5 , 6)
3. arguments presented by petitioners and their unique situation. (Para 8 , 9 , 10 , 11)
4. court analysis of qualifications and cases of similar lecturers. (Para 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 18 , 19 , 20)
5. court's awareness of past case law on similar employment. (Para 21 , 22 , 23)
6. court's final opinion on petitioners' claims. (Para 24)
7. court order for regularization process. (Para 25 , 26)

JUDGMENT :

ROBIN PHUKAN, J.

Heard Mr. M.K. Choudhury, learned Senior Counsel, assisted by Mr. A.U. Ahmed, learned counsel for the petitioners. Also heard Mr. K. Gogoi, learned standing counsel, Higher Education, appearing for the respondent No.2, Mr. R.M. Das, learned standing counsel for the respondent No.3, Mr. R.R. Kaushik, learned standing counsel for the N.C. Hills and Mr. P.P. Dutta, learned standing counsel for the respondent No.5.

2. In this petition, under Article 226 of the Constitution of India, three petitioners, namely, Ms. O. Anjana Devi, Ms. Priyanka Hojai and Ms. Anima Das, have prayed for issuing direction to the respondent authorities to regularize their services as Lecturers/Assistant Professors in the department of Physics, History and Zoology, respectively, in Haflong Government College, by relaxation of Rules as has been done in the case of similarly situated Lecturers of Government Colleges including Haflong Government College, vide orders dated 02.06.2006, 27.02.2016 and 12.06.2017 (Annexures-14, 28 and 29), issued by the Higher Education Department.

3. The background facts leading to filing of the present writ petition is briefly stated as under:-

“The petitioner No.1 was appointed as Lecturer in the Department of Physics, the petitioner No.2 was appointed as Lecturer in the Department of History and the petitioner No.3 was appointed as Lecturer in the Department of Zoology of Haflong Government College, under Regulation 3(f) of A.P.S.C. (L&F) Regulation, 1951 in UGC scale of pay along with many others in different disciplines, vide Notification dated 23.03.2001 (Annexure- 4). Thereafter, the services of the petitioners were extended from time to time by the respondent authorities. Thereafter, a selection process was conducted by APSC, vide advertisement dated 17.05.2001 (Annexure-5) and the petitioners were duly selected by the APSC, vide select list dated 17.05.2002 (Annexure-6), but, they could not be regularized as their posts did not cover the recommendation. The petitioners have qualified in SET and also completed M.Phil. and they become fully qualified for being regularized and appointed as Lecturers/Assistant Professors in the Government Colleges. Thereafter, the N.C. Hills Autonomous Council also conducted a selection in the month of September, 2005 for fresh appointment or extension of service, wherein the petitioners were selected for re-engagement on contractual basis by the Principal Secretary, N.C. Hills Autonomous Council, Haflong, vide Notifications dated 02.09.2005 and 21.11.2005.

The pleaded case of the petitioners‟ is that the Dima Hasao Autonomous Council (Erstwhile N.C. Hills Autonomous Council) wanted regular appointment/regularization of services of the petitioners and other Lecturers, who have been working under Regulation 3(f) of the 1951 Regulation or on contractual basis in sanctioned posts in Haflong Government College and on several occasions the Council insisted the Government of Assam to regularize the service by way of relaxation of Rules or by a Cabinet decision and the Council also requested the Government that since the services of some lecturers, who were working on contractual basis at Diphu Government College, have been regularized by way of Cabinet decision, vide Notifications dated 02.06.2006 (Annexure- 14), 27.02.2016 (Annexure-28) and 12.06.2017 (Annexure-29), the services of the petitioners in Government Colleges, may also

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