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2018 Supreme(Ker) 670

IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
C.K.ABDUL REHIM, R. NARAYANA PISHARADI, JJ.
Tomy Joseph S/o. Joseph - Appellant
Versus
Smitha Tomy D/o. Xavior M Sebastian - Respondent
OP (FC).No. 577 of 2018
Decided on : 30-10-2018

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellant : Sri.P.B.Krishnan Adv.

Headnote:The Divorce Act, 1869 – Section 10A;; The Special Marriage Act, 1954 – Section 28(1);; The Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 – Section 13B(1);;The Constitution of India – Article 227

       Facts of the Case:

       The petitioner is the husband and the respondent is the wife – Jointly filed O.P. under Section 10A of the Divorce Act, 1869 for granting a decree of divorce on the basis of mutual consent – The petitioner filed an application as I.A.No.4728/2018 for waiving the 'cooling period' of six months – As per Ext.P4 order, the Family Court dismissed the aforesaid application – Ext.P4 order is under challenge in this Original Petition filed under Article 227 of the Constitution of India.

       Reasons for the decision:

       The only substantial difference is that, instead of the period of one year mentioned in Section 13B(1) of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 and Section 28(1) of the Special Marriage Act, 1954, a period of two years of separate residence is provided under Section 10A(1) of the Divorce Act, 1869 – The beneficiaries under the abovementioned provisions of different statutes are persons who want divorce by mutual consent and who file joint petition for that relief. – There can be no discrimination among them on the ground of religion – Divorce by mutual consent is a secular concept – When the Apex Court has declared the law that the “cooling off period” of six months provided under Section 13B(2) of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 is not mandatory but directory and such period can be allowed to be waived by the court on satisfaction of certain conditions, denying that benefit to persons who are governed by the Divorce Act, 1869 would amount to unjust discrimination – The dictum laid down by the Apex Court in Amardeep Singh v. Harveen Kaur, AIR 2017 SC 4417 is applicable to a petition for divorce filed under Section 10A of the Divorce Act, 1869 and on satisfaction of the conditions laid down in that decision, the Family Court can waive the period of six months stipulated under Section 10A(2) of that Act.

       Finding of the Court:

       Order passed by the Family Court cannot be sustained in law and it is liable to be set aside – The Family Court has to consider afresh the application I.A.No.4728/2018 filed by the petitioner and pass appropriate orders thereon.

       Result : Allowed

JUDGMENT :

R.NARAYANA PISHARADI, J.

1. The petitioner is the husband and the respondent is the wife.

2. The petitioner and the respondent jointly filed O.P.No.1636/2018 in the Family Court, Thrissur under Section 10A of the Divorce Act, 1869 for granting a decree of divorce on the basis of mutual consent. The petitioner filed an application as I.A.No.4728/2018 for waiving the 'cooling period' of six months. As per Ext.P4 order, the Family Court dismissed the aforesaid application. Ext.P4 order is under challenge in this Original Petition filed under Article 227 of the Constitution of India.

3. We have heard learned counsel for the petitioner and also the respondent.

4. The petitioner and the respondent are Christians. Their marriage was solemnised on 29.12.1999 in a church as per religious ceremonies. They are living separately from 09.01.2016 onwards. On 10.09.2018, they jointly filed O.P.No.1636/2018 in the Family Court under Section 10A of the Divorce Act, 1869. The application I.A.No.4728/2018 was filed by the petitioner on 27.09.2018 for waiving the cooling period of six months.

5. Ext.P4 order passed by the Family Court, dismissing the application I.A.No.4728/2018 filed by the petitioner, reads as follows:

“The petition is to waive 6 months period for making second move for divorce under Section 10A of Divorce Act. As per Section 10A(2), the second motion cannot be made before 6 months of the first motion. There is no provision in the Divorce Act to waive 6 months period also. No decision under Section 10A of the Divorce Act brought to my notice permitting waiver of 6 months period. Hence, the petition cannot be allowed. In the result, the petition is dismissed.”

6. In Amardeep Singh v. Harveen Kaur : AIR 2017 SC 4417, the Hon'ble Supreme Court considered the question whether the minimum period of six months stipulated under Section 13B(2) of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 for a motion for passing decree of divorce on the basis of mutual consent is mandatory or directory and whether such period can be relaxed in exceptional situations. The object of the provision contained in Section 13B of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 was considered by the Apex Court and it was held as follows:

“The object of the provision is to enable the parties to dissolve a marriage by consent if the marriage has irretrievably broken down and to enable them to rehabilitate them as per available options. The amendment was inspired by the thought that forcible perpetuation of status of matrimony between unwilling partners did not serve any purpose. The object of the cooling off the period was to safeguard against a hurried decision if there was otherwise possibility of differences being reconciled. The object was not to perpetuate a purposeless marriage or to prolong the agony of the parties when there was no chance of reconciliation. Though every effort has to be made to save a marriage, if there are no chances of reunion and there are chances of fresh rehabilitation, the Court should not be powerless in enabling the parties to have a better option.”

7. In Amardeep Singh (supra), after analysing the provision contained in Section 13B(2) of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955, the Hon'ble Supreme Court further held as follows:

“18. Applying the above to the present situation, we are of the view that where the Court dealing with a matter is satisfied that a case is made out to waive the statutory period under Section 13-B(2), it can do so after considering the following:

(i) the statutory period of six months specified in Section 13-B(2), in addition to the statutory period of one year under Section 13-B(1) of separation of parties is already over before the first motion itself;

(ii) all efforts for mediation/conciliation including efforts in terms of Order XXXIIA, Rule 3, CPC/Section 23(2) of the Act/Section 9 of the Family Courts Act to re-unite the parties have failed and there is no likelihood of success in that direction by any further efforts;

(iii) the parties have ge



























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