IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
ANIL K. NARENDRAN, MURALEE KRISHNA S., JJ.
C. Leela W/o Chellayya - Petitioner
Versus
State of Kerala - Respondent
WP (C) No. 35713 of 2015
Decided On : 02-04-2025
(A) Constitution of India - Article 226 - Kerala Land Assignment Rules, 1964 - Kannan Devan Hills Act, 1971 - Writ petition for mandamus to assign land - Petitioners, landless persons of scheduled caste, claimed possession of land since 1998 but faced delays in assignment applications - Respondents contended that land is government puramboke and certificates submitted by petitioners are forged - Court found no evidence of possession and dismissed the petition. (Paras 1 - 10 )
(B) Assignment of Land - The authority to assign land vested in the Government under the KDH Act can be delegated to the District Collector, and the petitioners failed to prove their possession of the claimed land. (Paras 9 - 10 )
Facts of the case:
Petitioners, belonging to a scheduled caste community, sought assignment of land they claimed to possess since 1998, but faced delays and allegations of forgery regarding their possession certificates.
Findings of Court:
The court found that the petitioners did not provide sufficient evidence of possession and that the land in question was government puramboke.
Issues: The main issues were the legitimacy of the petitioners' claims to land possession and the authority responsible for land assignment under the KDH Act.
Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that the petitioners failed to substantiate their claims of possession and that the assignment authority lies with the District Collector under the KDH Act.
Result: Writ petition stands dismissed.
JUDGMENT :
Muralee Krishna, J.
1. This writ petition is filed under Article 226 of the Constitution of India by the petitioners seeking a writ of mandamus directing the 3rd respondent Tahsildar, Devikulam to consider Exts.P2 to P2(h) applications for the assignment of land submitted by the petitioners and assign 0.03 cents of property each in survey No.912 of Kannan Devan Hills Village to the petitioners.
2. Going by the averments in the writ petition, the petitioners are landless persons. They belong to scheduled caste community, and they are enjoying the possession of 0.03 cents of landed property each in Kannan Devan Hills Village from 1998 onwards. The petitioners have no other land except the small extent of land covered by Ext.P1 certificate issued by the 5th respondent. On 9.4.2004 the petitioners submitted applications for assignment before the 3rd respondent under Rule 11(8) of the Kerala Land Assignment Rules, 1964 , in the prescribed form. But even after the lapse of considerable time, the 3rd respondent did not pass any order on Ext.P2 to P2(h) applications submitted by the petitioners.The petitioners also submitted Ext.P3 to P3(h) applications before the Munnar Grama Panchayat for a building permit. Aggrieved by the inordinate delay in considering the application for building permit, petitioners approached this Court by filing W.P.(C) No.12455 of 2015. On 10.04.2015 this Court disposed of that writ petition directing the Munnar Grama Panchayath to consider and dispose of Exts.P3 to P3(h) representations within two months from the date of receipt of a copy of the judgment. Since there was non-compliance on Ext.P4 judgment, the petitioners filed a contempt of court case and the same is pending before this Court. However, the 4th respondent threatened the petitioner and demolished their respective sheds without serving any notice. Since petitioners had no other land, they again constructed their sheds and resided there. The applications of the petitioners for assignment are pending before the 3rd respondent. But the 4th respondent unnecessarily harassing and threatening to evict the petitioner forcefully. Hence the petitioners approached this Court by filing this writ petition.
3. The 4th respondent Special Tahsildar, Revenue Department filed a counter affidavit dated 24.02.2016 producing therewith Exts.R4(a) to R4(c) documents. Paragraphs 2 to 5 of that counter affidavit read thus:
“2. It is submitted that the land in question is Government puramboke land comprised in Sy.No.912 of KDH Village. The land is under the custody of KSHB and it is under the supervision of the 4th respondent. The land is kept for KSHB purpose, and it is free land without any structure for years.
3. The Certificates produced by the petitioners as exhibits are forged ad created by the petitioners. The 2nd respondent as per his Proceedings No.E2.40384/99 dated 16.08.2001 has ordered to cancel all old cases of Possession Certificates issued and had given one month to submit application for ratification. If ratification has not been made within one month, the Certificates will stand cancelled. No ratification is seen made in the Certificates produced by the petitioners as exhibits. A true copy of the Proceedings No.E2.40384/99 dated 16.08.2001 of the District Collector, Idukki is produced herewith and may be marked as Exhibit R4(a).
4. It is submitted that no structure has been there in the land in question for several years and the land under the custody of KSHB and under the supervision of the 4th respondent. The petitioners have approached the Hon'ble Court with forged documents created by them and their action should not have to be entertained at any cost. This Hon'ble Court had dismissed W.P.(C)No.14013/2013 by judgment dated 12.07.2013 in the light of similar facts. A true copy of the judgment dated 12.07.2013 in W.P.(C)No.14013/2013 of the Hon'ble Court is produced herewith and may be marked as Ext.R4(b). Hence, the attempt of the petitioners to
The court ruled that the petitioners failed to prove their possession of land and that the authority to assign such land lies with the District Collector under the Kannan Devan Hills Act.
The court ruled that claims for land assignment must adhere to statutory provisions, and existing possession does not confer entitlement under the Kannan Devan Hills Act.
The court ruled that the petitioner failed to establish a legal right over the property, and eviction must follow due process under the Land Conservancy Act.
The court affirmed that only the District Collector has the authority to assign land under the Kannan Devan Hills Act, rendering any patta issued by an unauthorized officer invalid.
The court emphasized that land assignments must adhere to statutory procedures, and unauthorized occupation does not confer legal rights.
A writ of mandamus requires a legal right and statutory duty, and cannot be issued contrary to law.
Under the Kannan Devan Hills Act, mere inclusion in an eligibility list does not confer the right to land assignment without adequate proof of claims, and procedural correctness in rejection must be ....
The court emphasizes the mandatory consideration of land assignment applications under the Kerala Panchayat Raj Act and the right to objection by affected parties.
A writ of certiorari cannot be issued to enforce rights under repealed rules; legal rights must be based on current statutory provisions.
Authority responsible for decision on land assignment must consider all claims and maintain the status quo pending resolution.
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