IN THE HIGH COURT OF KERALA AT ERNAKULAM
RAJA VIJAYARAGHAVAN V., P.V. BALAKRISHNAN, JJ.
XXXXXXX - Appellant
Versus
State of Kerala - Respondent
CRL. Appeal No. 882 of 2020
Decided On : 19-02-2025
(A) Indian Penal Code - Sections 376(2)(f), 376(2)(n), and 506(i) - Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 - Sections 5(j)(ii), 5(l), and 6 - Conviction for aggravated penetrative sexual assault on a minor - The appellant, a close relative, was found guilty of multiple sexual assaults on the victim, resulting in pregnancy. The court emphasized the reliability of the victim's testimony and the corroborative DNA evidence. (Paras 21, 37, 41)
(B) Evidence - Testimony of the victim - The court held that the evidence of the prosecutrix, particularly in sexual assault cases, must be treated with sensitivity and can be sufficient for conviction without corroboration if it inspires confidence. (Paras 24, 28)
Facts of the case:
The appellant was charged with multiple counts of rape and intimidation against his 17-year-old niece, resulting in her pregnancy and the birth of a child. The offences occurred in 2015, and the victim delivered on 13.02.2016. (Paras 1, 2, 9)
Findings of Court:
The Sessions Judge found the appellant guilty based on the victim's testimony, corroborated by medical evidence and DNA analysis, confirming the appellant as the biological father of the child. (Paras 37, 41)
Issues: The main issues included the reliability of the victim's testimony, the admissibility of DNA evidence, and the appellant's relationship to the victim. (Paras 21, 24)
Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that the victim's testimony, supported by DNA evidence, was sufficient for conviction, emphasizing that the evidence of a victim in sexual assault cases should not be viewed with suspicion. (Paras 24, 28)
Result: Appeal dismissed, confirming the conviction and sentence of life imprisonment. (Para 41)
| Table of Content |
|---|
| 1. victim's age and relationship (Para 2) |
| 2. registration of crime (Para 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7) |
| 3. evidence tendered (Para 8 , 9) |
| 4. contentions of the appellant (Para 10) |
| 5. submissions of the learned public prosecutor (Para 11) |
| 6. evaluation of the evidence (Para 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27) |
| 7. reliability of victim's testimony (Para 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39) |
| 8. conclusion of the court (Para 40 , 41) |
JUDGMENT :
Raja Vijayaraghavan, J.
1. The above appeal is directed against the judgment dated 25.06.2020 in S.C. No.196 of 2016 on the file of the Special Court for Trial of Offences under POCSO Act & Children’s Court (Additional Sessions Court-I), Kalpetta, Wayanad. The appellant was charged for having committed the offences punishable under Section 376(2)(f) and (n) and 506 (i) of the Indian Penal Code (hereinafter referred to as IPC ) and Sections 5(j)(ii), (l), & (n) r/w. Section 6 of the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 (hereinafter referred to as POCSO). He was found guilty and was sentenced to undergo :
a) Rigorous Imprisonment for life meaning thereby imprisonment for the remainder of his natural life and to pay a fine of Rs.50,000/- with a default clause for the offence under Section 376(2)(f) of the IPC.
b) Rigorous Imprisonment for life meaning thereby imprisonment for the remainder of his natural life and to pay a fine of Rs.50,000/- with a default clause for the offence under Section 376(2)(n) of the IPC.
c) Rigorous Imprisonment for life and to pay a fine of Rs.50,000/- with a default clause for the offence under Section 5(j)(ii) r/w. Section 6 of POCSO.
d) Rigorous Imprisonment for a period of two years and to pay a fine of Rs.5,000/- with a default clause for the offence under Section 506(i) of the IPC.
The sentences were ordered to run concurrently.
The Prosecution Case :
2. The victim, a female child aged 17 years, was the daughter of the wife’s younger sister of the appellant. At the time of the commission of the offence, the appellant was 29 years of age. The prosecution alleged that the appellant threatened the victim, that her intimate relationship with her boyfriend (hereinafter mentioned as “A” for the sake of privacy) would be exposed to her family members and thereby induced fear in her. He is then alleged to have impregnated the victim multiple times and in various locations, including her own residence, an unoccupied house adjacent to her home, and a nearby coffee plantation. The prosecution alleges that the victim became pregnant and delivered a girl child on 13.02.2016.
Registration of Crime and Investigation
3. The records reveal that on 13.02.2016, the victim went to the Vythiri Hospital and seeing the child writhing in pain, she was rushed to the Labour room. She delivered a girl child. When the hospital personnel noted that the victim was a minor, the police were alerted. Her statement was recorded at 6:00 p.m. on 19.02.2016 consequent to which, Ext.P12 FIR was registered under Section 376(2)(n) IPC and Section 3(a), 4, 5 (l) r/w. Section 6 of POCSO. While furnishing the information, the victim mentioned only the name of ‘A’, with whom she was in a relationship and hence, Crime No. 94 of 2016 was registered arraying the said person as the sole accused.
4. The investigation was taken over by PW10, the Circle Inspector of Police, Vythiri Police Station on 20.02.2016. He prepared Ext.P4 scene mahazar in respect of the eastern bedroom of the house where she was allegedly subjected to sexual abuse. Ext.P5 scene mahazar was prepared in respect of the area pointed out by the victim in the coffee plantation. Ext.P6 scene mahazar was prepared in respect of the uninhabited house situated at a distance of about 50 mts. to the south of the house of the victim. MO1 (nighty) and MO2 (skirt) which were stated to be worn by the victim at the time of commission of the offence were seized as per Ext.P7 seizure mahazar.
Rahul v. State of Delhi, Ministry of Home Affairs
Sunil v. State of Madhya Pradesh
The court affirmed that the victim's testimony, corroborated by DNA evidence, is sufficient for conviction in sexual assault cases, emphasizing the need for sensitivity in evaluating such evidence.
The conviction under the POCSO Act was upheld due to credible victim testimony and corroborative evidence establishing aggravated sexual assault on a minor.
The prosecution must establish the identity and age of the victim beyond reasonable doubt in sexual offense cases, particularly involving minors, and the evidentiary value of DNA reports is contingen....
The court affirmed that the testimony of a child victim, supported by medical evidence, is sufficient for conviction under the POCSO Act, even in the presence of a negative DNA report regarding pater....
The judgment reinforces the importance of corroborative evidence in sexual assault cases, particularly when the victim is a minor, and clarifies the legal standards for assessing credibility and dela....
The legal principle established in the judgment is that the court may rely on evidence such as DNA testing to establish the guilt of the accused, and the benefit of the doubt may be rejected based on....
The main legal point established in the judgment is the reliance on the victim's unshaken testimony, the presumption of guilt under Section 29 of the POCSO Act, and the impact of the amendment to Sec....
In sexual offenses against minors, the sole testimony of the victim is sufficient for conviction if deemed credible, even in the absence of corroborative evidence.
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