IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN AT JODHPUR
Pushpendra Singh Bhati, J.
Sunil Bhati S/o Mala Ram - Petitioner
Versus
State Of Rajasthan - Respondents
S.B. Criminal Misc(Pet.) No. 2947/2018
Decided On : 18-08-2022
Constitution of India, 1950 – Article 20 (3) – Indian Penal Code, 1860 – Sections 304-B, 498A – Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 – Section 233, 232, 315, 482 – Dowry death – Husband or relative of husband of a woman subjecting her to cruelty – Acquittal – Criminal Misc. Petition under Section 482 Cr.P.C. has been preferred claiming prayer –Held, Court, however, does not wish to enter into degree of relevance of such a test, but certainly finds that such a scientific technique, which is recognized by strength of law in courts and in the legal system of Country, and is crystallised by Hon’ble Apex Court in landmark case of Selvi (supra) wherein Hon’ble Apex Court has held that voluntary administration of such scientific techniques in context of criminal justice may be permitted, and therefore, same cannot be denied to petitioner as it would amount to depriving him of valuable right to defend himself during trial – Petition allowed.
JUDGMENT :
1. This Criminal Misc. Petition under Section 482 Cr.P.C. has been preferred claiming the following prayer:-
2. Learned counsel for the petitioner submits that this petition has been preferred against the order dated 13.08.2018 passed by learned Additional Sessions Judge (Women Atrocities Cases), Jodhpur Metropolitan in Sessions Case No.127/2013, whereby the learned trial court has rejected the application of the petitioner, wherein he sought to submit himself to a Narco Analysis test and bring the resultant report of the same onto the record as a part of his defence. He further submits that the petitioner, who is husband of the deceased-victim, is facing trial under Sections 304-B & 498A IPC.
3. Learned counsel for the petitioner has drawn the attention of this Court to the fact that after the examination of the prosecution witnesses and defence witnesses, an application was preferred by the petitioner to get himself examined for Narco Analysis test, which is a recognized scientific technique, at the relevant stage of Section 233 Cr.P.C.
4. Learned counsel for the petitioner also submits that Section 233 Cr.P.C. would operate, as while entering into his own defence, the petitioner is entitled to present any evidence, he may have in support thereof.
5. Section 233 Cr.P.C. reads as follows:
(1) Where the accused is not acquitted under section 232, he shall be called upon to enter on his defence and adduce any evidence he may have in support thereof.
(2) If the accused puts in any written statement, the Judge shall file it with the record.
(3) If the accused applies for the issue of any process for compelling the attendance of any witness or the production of any document or thing, the Judge shall issue such process unless he considers, for reasons to be recorded, that such application should be refused on the ground that it is made for the purpose of vexation or delay or for defeating the ends of justice.”
6. Learned counsel for the petitioner further submits that once the stage of Section 232 Cr.P.C. is crossed and an acquittal is not made in favour of the petitioner, an indefeasible right of the petitioner emanates to to adduce any evidence in support of his defence, and that the learned Court below has erred in denying him the same, vide the impugned order.
7. Learned counsel for the petitioner has relied upon the judgment rendered by this Hon’ble Court in State of Rajasthan Vs. Jasveersingh Jat reported in 2017(4) Cr.L.R. (Raj.) 2079. Relevant portion of the said judgment is reproduced hereunder:
7. The solitary objection raised by Shri Sunil Mehta learned counsel representing the complainant and the learned Public Prosecutor for opposing the prayer of the accused to get himself subjected to the invasive scientific test was that the application was belated and that if at all, the same could have been filed during the course of investigation as per the plain language of Section 54 Cr.P.C.. However, the said objection is not of any significance because in the entire purview of Cr.P.C., the only stage where the accused is allowed to speak out before the court is the stage of defence i.e. under Section 313 Cr.P.C. Before that, the accused has to simply go by the commands of the prose
Point of law: Narco Analysis Tes -Even if the petitioner voluntarily submits for subjecting himself for Narco Analysis Test, there is no guarantee that the statements would be voluntary. So even if t....
The court established that an accused cannot unilaterally demand that witnesses or victims undergo Narco Analysis or Polygraph tests, as such tests require voluntary consent and cannot be used as con....
Compelling scientific tests violates constitutional rights against self-incrimination; consent is mandatory.
The accused has an absolute right to summon witnesses in defense, and the trial court must allow such requests unless there are cogent reasons to deny them.
An accused person cannot claim de novo trial as a matter of right, except in exceptional circumstances where the defence counsel's representation falls below an objective standard of reasonableness.
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