IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN BENCH AT JAIPUR
Narendra Singh Dhaddha, J.
Shatrudhan Tiwari – Appellant
Versus
State of Rajasthan, Through Public Prosecutor & Ors. – Respondent
S.B. Criminal Miscellaneous (Petition) No. 8024/2021
Decided On : 07-04-2022
Section 482 Cr.P.C. - Framing of Charge - Sections 227 and 228 of the Cr.P.C. - Principles for framing charges and discharging an accused - Union of India vs Prafulla Kumar Samal, (1979) 3 SCC 4; Bhawna Bai v. Ghanshyam, (2020) 2 SCC 217; Amit Kapoor v. Ramesh Chander, (2012) 9 SCC 460; Dilawar Balu Kurane v. State of Maharashtra, (2002) 2 SCC 135; Stree Atyachar Virodhi Parishad v. Dilip Nathumal Chordia, (1989) 1 SCC 715
Fact of the Case:
The petitioner filed a Criminal Miscellaneous Petition under Section 482 Cr.P.C. against the order of the learned Revisional Court, which upheld the order framing charge under Section 353 IPC by the learned Trial Court. The petitioner argued that there was no evidence to frame the charge and that the courts had not considered certain evidence.
Finding of the Court:
The court found that prima facie material existed against the petitioner for framing the charge under Section 353 IPC, and therefore, the petition was devoid of merit and liable to be dismissed.
Issues: The issues revolved around the framing of charge under Section 353 IPC and the consideration of evidence by the trial and revisional courts.
Ratio Decidendi: The court applied the principles laid down in various judgments, emphasizing that at the stage of framing the charge, only a prima facie case needs to be seen, and the court should not delve into an elaborate inquiry or weigh the evidence as if conducting a trial. The judge should consider whether there are sufficient grounds for proceeding against the accused based on the material on record.
Final Decision: The Criminal Miscellaneous Petition was dismissed, and the stay application was disposed of accordingly.
ORDER
1. This Criminal Miscellaneous Petition has been filed by the petitioner under Section 482 Cr.P.C. against the order dated 17.11.2021 passed by learned Additional Sessions Judge No.3, Bharatpur(for Short ’learned Revisional Court’) in Criminal Revision Petition No.12/2021 (CIS No.46/2021) whereby revision petition filed by the petitioner was dismissed and upheld the order framing charge dated 01.02.2021 passed by learned Additional Judicial Magistrate No.2, Bharatpur (for Short ’learned Trial Court) in case No.217/2019 by which charge for the offence under Section 353 IPC has been framed.
2. Learned counsel for the petitioner submits that the learned trial Court had wrongly framed the charge for offence under Section 353 IPC against the petitioner. Learned counsel for the petitioner also submits that the learned Revisional Court erred in dismissing the revision petition. Learned counsel for the petitioner also submits that there is no evidence to frame the charge for offence under Section 353 IPC against the petitioner. Learned counsel for the petitioner further submits that after investigation, Police has not found the charge proved against the petitioner but learned trial Court had wrongly believed the statements of the witnesses-Dheerendra Pal, Prateek Choudhary, Devendra Kumar Gupta and Mukesh Chand. Learned counsel for the petitioner also submits that the charges could not be framed merely on the basis of the witnesses recorded under Section 202 Cr.P.C without taking the previous statement recorded by the Investigating Officer during the investigation.
3. Learned counsel for the petitioner further submits that the learned trial Court had not considered the transcript and CD while framing the charge for offence under Section 353 IPC against the petitioner. So, order of the learned trial Court as well as learned Revisional Court be set-aside.
4. Learned counsel for the respondent as well as learned Public Prosecutor has opposed the arguments advanced by learned counsel for the petitioner and submitted that the order of the learned trial Court as well as learned Revisional Court do not suffer from any irregularity or infirmity, so, petition filed by the petitioner be dismissed.
5. I have considered the arguments advanced by learned counsel for the petitioner, learned counsel for the respondent as well as learned Public Prosecutor.
6. The provisions under the Cr.P.C. with respect to charge are reproduced as under:-
"227. Discharge. -If, upon consideration of the record of the case and the documents submitted therewith, and after hearing the submissions of the accused and the prosecution in this behalf, the Judge considers that there is not sufficient ground for proceeding against the accused, he shall discharge the accused and record his reasons for so doing.
’228. Framing of charge.-(1) If, after such consideration and hearing as aforesaid, the Judge is of opinion that there is ground for presuming that the accused has committed an offence which-
(a) is not exclusively triable by the Court of Session, he may, frame a charge against the accused and, by order, transfer the case for trial to the Chief Judicial Magistrate, [or any other Judicial Magistrate of the first class and direct the accused to appear before the Chief Judicial Magistrate, or, as the case may be, the Judicial Magistrate of the first class, on such date as he deems fit, and thereupon such Magistrate] shall try the offence in accordance with the procedure for the trial of warrant-cases instituted on a police report;
(b) is exclusively triable by the Court, he shall frame in writing a charge against the accused.
(2) Where the Judge frames any charge under clause (b) of sub-section (1), the charge shall be read and explained to the accused and the accused shall be asked whether he pleads guilty of the offence charged or claims to be tried."
7. The Hon’ble Supreme Court as well as various High Courts have interpreted the provisions in the understated judgements, that
At the stage of framing the charge, the court should only consider whether there are sufficient grounds for proceeding against the accused based on the material on record, and should not weigh the ev....
A trial court must apply its mind to the evidence and material before framing charges, ensuring reasonable grounds exist for presuming guilt.
The court affirmed that at the charge framing stage, only a prima facie case is required, emphasizing that meticulous examination of evidence is not necessary.
The trial court must provide minimum reasons for framing charges, and framing of charges is an important part of the trial that cannot be done casually.
There are no limits of powers of Court under Section 482 of Code but more power, more due care and caution is to be exercised in invoking these powers.
Point of Law : Once charges have been framed, the issue of discharge becomes redundant, as Courts have no jurisdiction to allow discharge after charges having been framed.
The main legal point established in the judgment is the requirement for a prima facie case and the evaluation of material by the court before framing charges under sections 227 and 228 of the Cr.P.C.
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