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2023 Supreme(Raj) 1895

IN THE HIGH COURT OF RAJASTHAN AT JAIPUR BENCH
PANKAJ BHANDARI, BHUWAN GOYAL, JJ.
Asharam - Accused-Appellant
Versus
State of Rajasthan – Respondent
D.B. Criminal Appeal No. 886 of 2016
Decided On : 07-02-2023

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant : Mr. Harendra Singh Sinsinwar.
For the Respondent: Mr. Rajendra Yadav, GA cum AAG with Mr. Imran Khan, Dy. GA.

Headnote:(A) Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Section 302 - Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 - Section 437-A - Appeal against conviction for murder - Conviction based on circumstantial evidence found insufficient due to lack of a complete chain, non-recovery of critical evidence like lock/key, and inconclusive forensic results - Appellant acquitted and ordered to be released. (Paras 12, 13, 14, 15)

(B) Principles regarding circumstantial evidence - Court reiterated five conditions for establishing guilt beyond reasonable doubt as highlighted in Sharad Birdhichand Sarda v. State of Maharashtra. (Paras 12)

Facts of the case:
The appellant was convicted of murdering his wife based on circumstantial evidence, including an axe found near the body and claims of an extra judicial confession. Appeals raised doubts about the evidence linking the appellant to the crime, highlighting deficiencies in the investigation.

Findings of Court:
The court found significant lacunae in the prosecution's case, leading to the conclusion that the conviction could not be upheld.

Issues: The primary issues included the adequacy of circumstantial evidence and the presence of reasonable doubt regarding the appellant's guilt.

Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that the prosecution failed to establish a conclusive and coherent link between the appellant and the murder, with many lapses in investigative procedures undermining the conviction.

Result: Criminal appeal is allowed; judgment and order dated 08.01.2016 is quashed and set aside.

Table of Content
1. conviction based on confession and evidence. (Para 4 , 5)
2. arguments highlighting doubts in prosecution case. (Para 6 , 7 , 8)
3. court's observations on the evidence presented. (Para 9 , 10 , 11)
4. conditions for establishing guilt in circumstantial cases. (Para 12 , 13)
5. appeal granted; conviction overturned. (Para 14 , 15 , 16 , 17)

ORDER :

(Pankaj Bhandari, J.)

With the consent of the parties and taking note of the custody period, the matter is taken up for final hearing.

2. It is informed by learned GA cum AAG that victim has been intimated about filing of the present appeal and suspension of sentence application. Report is taken on record.

3. No one has put in appearance on behalf of victim, despite information.

4. Accused-Appellant has preferred this appeal aggrieved by judgment and order dated 08.01.2016 passed by District and Sessions Judge, Sawaimadhopur in Sessions Case No.30/2014, whereby appellant has been convicted for offence under Section 302 IPC and has been sentenced to life imprisonment and fine of Rs.5,000/- and in default of payment of fine, to further undero six months additional rigorous imprisonment.

5. Succintly stated the facts of the case are that Kanhaiyalal lodged a written report (Ex.P.1) at Police Station Bonli, District Sawaimadhopur on 20.01.2014 alleging therein that in the afternoon at 2:30 pm, two boys came from village-Purapane Singh and informed him that his maternal grand daughter-Asha has expired. It is mentioned that he came on the motorcycle of two boys to village-Purapane Singh and saw his maternal-grand daughter lying in pool of blood. It is also mentioned in the FIR that an axe was lying near the dead body. It is also mentioned in the FIR that on enquiry, the persons who were present there, informed him that Asha has been murdered by her husband-present appellant. On receipt of above report, police registered FIR No.28/2014 and commenced investigation. After due investigation, police filed challan against appellant under Section 302 IPC. The learned Trial Court framed charges for offence under Section 302 IPC. Appellant denied the charges and sought trial. As many as 15 witnesses were examined and 23 documents were exhibited on behalf of the prosecution. Appellant was examined under Section 313 Cr.P.C. and has stated that he has been falsely implicated in this case. Learned Trial Court after hearing both the parties convicted and sentenced the appellant for offence under Section 302 IPC vide judgment and order dated 0801.2016. Aggrieved by which, the present appeal has been preferred.

6. It is contended by counsel for the accused-appellant that the case rests on circumstantial evidence. A complete chain is not made out and hence the conviction order deserves to be set aside. It is also contended that in the FIR (Ex.P-1), there is no mention about the extra judicial confession made by the accused before complaint. It is contended that in the FIR, there is mention that the axe was near the dead body, however, the police has recovered the axe on the next day from the kitchen, adjacent to the place of occurrence which goes to show that the Investigating Officer has tried to implicate the present appellant. It is also contended that Ex.P-3 (site plan) was prepared on the next day i.e. 21.01.2014, whereas as per the statement of the witnesses, police reached the place of occurrence on the same day and had also prepared site plan on the same day in the presence of the complainant-Kanhaiyalal (PW-2). Similar is the statement of Ramdhan (PW-1).

7. It is also contended that as per the prosecution version, the appellant had locked the room and left the place. The lock was broken by PW-1 (Ramdhan), neither the broken lock, nor the key has been recovered at the instance of the appellant which creates doubt on the prosecution version. It is also contended that no blood stained clothes of the appellant were recovered by the police and no motive has been assigned. It is al

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