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2023 Supreme(Raj) 2336

IN THE HIGH COURT OF RAJASTHAN
Rekha Borana, J.
Hari Lal and Others – Appellants
Versus
Bhoori Devi and Another – Respondents
S.B. Civil First Appeal No. 96 of 1990
Decided On : 03-07-2023

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellants : Sandeep Shah, Pratyushi Mehta
For the Respondents: Manoj Bhandari, Prateek Surana

Headnote:(A) Specific Relief Act, 1963 - Section 20(2)(a) - Limitation Act, 1963 - Plaintiff sought specific performance of a contract dated 29.01.1974, requiring payment of Rs.5,999/- within six months - Defendant admitted existence of the agreement but claimed it was forged and the consideration was Rs.51,000/- - Suit filed in 1982 was deemed time barred as limitation commenced on 29.07.1974, yet trial court decreed suit in favor of plaintiff - Appellate court found no evidence of plaintiff's readiness and willingness to perform their part of the contract - The case was remitted for retrial due to lack of specific issues framed regarding readiness and willingness. (Paras 1, 6, 9, 12-15)

Facts of the case:
The defendant failed to execute sale deeds after receiving advance, leading the plaintiff to file suit after the limitation period expired.

Findings of Court:
The court noted the absence of a specific issue on readiness and willingness, crucial for a decree of specific performance.

Issues: The essential questions were regarding the limitation period and proof of readiness and willingness of the plaintiff.

Ratio Decidendi: The appellate court ruled a specific issue on readiness and willingness was necessary for granting specific performance under Section 16(c) of the Specific Relief Act, and that the absence of such issue invalidated the trial court's decree.

Result: Appeal allowed, matter remitted for retrial.

Table of Content
1. agreement to sell and breach (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. defendant's claims of cancellation and forgery (Para 4)
3. trial court's decree for specific performance (Para 6)
4. arguments regarding limitation and readiness (Para 7 , 8)
5. importance of readiness and willingness in performance (Para 9 , 10 , 11 , 12)
6. appellate court's authority to frame issues (Para 13 , 14)
7. remand of case for retrial (Para 15 , 16 , 17)

ORDER :

1. The present regular appeal has been preferred against the judgment and decree dated 30.03.1990 passed by the District Judge, Jalore in Regular Suit No. 02/1982 whereby the suit for specific performance of contract as preferred by the plaintiff respondents had been decreed.

2. The case of the plaintiff was that an agreement to sell dated 29.01.1974 was executed by defendant Dharam Chand in favour of plaintiff Bhuri Devi with respect to two plots at Shivaji Nagar Colony, Jalore. The said plots were agreed to be sold for a consideration of Rs.11,000/- out of which Rs.5,001/- was paid on the date of agreement itself that is, 29.01.1974, as advance. The remaining amount of Rs.5,999/- was agreed to be paid at the time of execution of the sale deed. It was also agreed between the parties that the defendant would get the sale deeds of the plots in question from the Municipal Board, Jalore within a period of six months and thereafter he would execute the sale deeds in favour of the plaintiff on payment of the remaining consideration amount.

3. The sale deeds were issued by the Municipal Board on 25.07.1979 and 26.07.1979 respectively in favour of the defendant but he, thereafter refused to execute the sale deeds in favour of the plaintiff and hence the plaintiff served notice dated 31.05.1980 on him. Despite the notice being served, the defendant failed to execute the sale deeds in her favour and therefore, the present suit for specific performance of contract with a prayer to direct the defendant to execute the sale deeds in her favour and in alternate, with a prayer for refund of the advance amount with interest, has been preferred.

4. Written statement was filed by defendant Dharam Chand wherein the factum of the agreement to sell was admitted but it was averred that the document dated 29.01.74 as placed on record by the plaintiff was a forged one. It was pleaded that the actual agreement was for an amount of Rs.51,000/- and not Rs.11,000/- as averred by the plaintiffs. The case of the defendant was that Rs.5,001/- was paid in advance and the remaining amount was to be paid after a period of six months at the time of execution of the sale deeds; the six months' time being accorded by the plaintiffs to the defendant to get the sale deeds issued in his favour from the Municipal Board. However, the sale deeds were not issued by the Municipal Board within a period of six months and therefore, the defendant offered repayment of the advance amount to the plaintiff or in the alternate, it was requested by the defendant that the remaining consideration amount be paid to him else the agreement would be deemed to be cancelled. The plaintiff refused to pay the remaining consideration amount and asked for cancellation of the agreement. Therefore, the agreement stood cancelled on 15.08.1974 and hence the plaintiff was not entitled for performance of any contract in her favour.

5. On basis of the pleadings as made by both the parties, the learned trial Court proceeded on to frame the following eight issues:

^^¼1½ D;k izfroknh us fooknxzLr IykWV :- 11000@& esa oknhx.k dks nsus dk bdjkj dj fnukad 29&1&1974 dks :- 5001@& oknhx.k ls izkIr dj oknhx.k ds gd esa fooknkLin bdjkj ukek laikfnr fd;k\

¼2½ D;k izfroknh ;g dg dj jftLVMZ cspkuukek oknhx.k ds i{k esa laikfnr djus ls budkj djrk jgk fd uxjikfydk ls fooknxzLr IykWVl ds lEcU/k esa mls iV~Vk izkIr ugha gqvk gS vkSj tqykbZ 1979 esa iV~Vk feyus ij Hkh vafre ckj 5&5&1980 dks cspkuukek jftLVªh djkus ls budkj fd;k vkSj blfy, nkok vof/k vUnj gS\

¼3½ D;k izfroknh oknhx.k ds i{k esa

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