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2023 Supreme(Raj) 1938

IN THE HIGH COURT OF RAJASTHAN
Rekha Borana, J.
Lali Meena and Others – Appellants
Versus
Ajmer Vidhyut Vitran Nigam Limited – Respondent
S.B. Civil First Appeal No. 540 of 2017
Decided On : 12-07-2023

Advocates:
Advocate Appeared:
For the Appellant : Naresh Khatri
For the Respondent: Vikram Choudhary

Headnote:(A) Fatal Accident Act, 1855 - Limitation Act, 1963 - The appeal against the dismissal of a claim under Fatal Accident Act was rejected, asserting the suit was time-barred under Article 82 due to its filing in 2014 for an incident occurring in 2003 - The Court clarified that maternal grandson does not qualify as a dependent under the Act of 1855, nor did legal disability apply to other plaintiffs for limitation - Affirmed the trial court's findings. (Paras 3, 7, 11, 13)

(B) Legal Disability - Minor's status does not automatically extend to dependents not recognized by the Act.

Findings of Court:
The trial court dismissed the suit based on limitations and the definition of dependents under the Fatal Accident Act being strictly interpreted.

Issues: Addressed whether the maternal grandson qualifies as a dependent and the applicability of legal disability.

Ratio Decidendi: Plaintiffs No. 1 and 2 were not under legal disability and limitation commenced from the date of the accident; maternal grandson not entitled to bring forth a suit under the Act.

Result: Appeal dismissed.

Table of Content
1. trial court's decision dynamics. (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. accident and limitation timeline. (Para 4 , 5)
3. legal disability of minor's impact. (Para 6 , 11 , 12)
4. court's reasoning on dependents. (Para 7 , 10 , 13)
5. arguments surrounding the limitation. (Para 8 , 9 , 14)
6. affirmation of trial court's judgment. (Para 15 , 16 , 17)

ORDER :

1. The present appeal has been preferred against the judgment and decree dated 04.03.2017 passed by Additional District Judge, Salumbar, District Udaipur, in Civil Suit No. 05/2014 whereby the application/suit of the plaintiffs claimants under the Fatal Accident Act, 1855 has been dismissed.

2. The learned Trial Court on basis of the pleadings as made by the parties, framed as many as six issues. Although issue No. 1 pertaining to the factum of accident/incident due to electric shock was decided in favour of the plaintiffs/claimants, issue Nos.2, 4 and 4A having been decided against them, the suit was dismissed.

3. Although no specific issue regarding limitation had been framed, the learned Court below, while deciding issue nos.2, 4 and 4A considered the same and dismissed the suit of the plaintiffs on the ground of the same being time barred in terms of Article 82 of the Limitation Act, 1963 (hereinafter referred to as 'the Act of 1963').

4. It is admitted on record that the accident/incident in question occurred on 15.07.2003 which resulted into death of the husband of plaintiff no. 1, father of plaintiff No. 2 and maternal grandfather of plaintiff No. 3.

5. The limitation as provided under Article 82 of the Act of 1963 is two years whereas the suit was preferred in the year 2014.

6. The defence taken by the plaintiffs for the delay in filing the suit was that plaintiff No. 3 was a minor at the time of the accident/incident and therefore, in terms of Section 6 of the Act of 1963, he was under a legal disability. Hence, he was entitled to institute the suit after the said legal disability had ceased.

7. Learned Court below while deciding issue nos.2, 4 and 4A specifically reached to the following conclusions:

    (i) Plaintiff No. 3 being the son of a daughter, does not fall in the category of 'dependent' in terms of the Fatal Accidents Act, 1855 (hereinafter referred to as 'the Act of 1855') and therefore, Section 6 of the Act of 1963 would not even apply.

    (ii) In terms of Section 1A of the Act of 1855, a suit under the Act could be brought only for the benefit of the wife, husband, parent and child if any. The interpretation of the said provision provided in Section 4 of the Act of 1855 states that the word 'child' shall include son and daughter; grand son and grand daughter; step son and step daughter. The said interpretation does not include a maternal grand son and therefore, a suit by him or on his behalf could not even be instituted under the Act of 1855.

    (iii) So far as plaintiff Nos.1 & 2 are concerned, they were not suffering from any legal disability and therefore, the limitation started running against them from the date of accident/incident. Admittedly, the suit had been filed in the year 2014 qua the accident/incident of the year 2003 and therefore, the same was clearly barred by law of limitation.

8. Learned counsel for the appellants argued that the above findings of the learned Court below are not in consonance with law as limitation in the present matter would be saved by Section 7 of the Act of 1963.

9. Per contra, learned counsel for the respondent submitted that Section 6 of the Act of 1963 would not even apply in the present matter as plaintiff-claimant No. 3 was a minor on the date of the incident as well as on the date of the institution of the suit.

10. Heard the parties and perused the material available on record.

11. So far as the ground raised by counsel for the appellants that the suit was not barred in terms of Section 7 of the Act of 1963 is concerned, even if it is assumed that plaintiff claimant No. 3 was a minor on the date of incident and therefore, suffered w

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