Rajasthan High Court
Dave, C.J. & Tyagi, J.
Gopal Singh - Appellant
Versus
State of Rajasthan - Respondents
D.B. Civil Writ Petition No. 471 of 1961
Decided On : January 20, 1964
Sec. 4(1) casts a duty on the Collector to cause public notice of substance of the Govt. notification to be given at convenient places in the locality where the land, which is sought to be acquired, is situated. It is only after such a public notice is issued that it becomes lawful for the officers to proceed under sec. 4(2).
In a case where persons interested in the land come to know of the notification and they file their objections within time and the objections are decided by the Government under sec.5-A, that absence of a public notice may not be considered a fatal defect for vitiating further proceedings, but the same view cannot be taken in a case where persons interested in the land are unable to file their objections under sec. 5-A on account of the absence of a public notice. Again the absence of a public notice would not have assumed importance if the objections filed by the petitioners were forwarded by the Collector to Government and decided by the Government according to law.
It is incorrect on the part of the non-petitioners to say that the objections Ex. C were time barred, because the non-petitioners were unable to show if the petitioners had received notice of the substance of the notification under sec. 4(1) more than 30 days before.
It has not been shown if the Collector gave to the petitioners an opportunity of being heard in person or by pleader in respect of the objections. In view of these objections it was necessary for the Collector to make an inquiry into them and to send his report to the Government together with the record of the proceedings and the petitioners objections. If the Government had then given its decision, it would have been final. It follows as necessary corollary that the declaration Ex. F. made by the Government under sec. 6 of the Act was also invalid. (Paras 14, 15 and 16)
The Land Acquisition Act, no doubt, enables the Govt. to acquire their property if it is needed for purposes mentioned therein, but it is extremely necessary that the provisions of this Act should be strictly followed. Normally, every person, who has interest in the land, which is sought to be acquired, should have a notice of the notification which is issued under sec. 4(1). He should also have an opportunity of being heard. There should be a proper inquiry and then the decision upon his objections should be that of the Govt. and not of the officer inquiring into them. It is only after a decision regarding his objections is given, that a declaration under sec. 6 of the Act should be made. In cases of urgency, special powers have been given under sub-sees. (1) and (4) of sec. 17 of the Act. The question of urgency may not be justiciable, but the powers must be used only when there is urgency and they should not be used just to cover up the deficiencies, if any, left out by officers concerned under sec. 4(1) or sec. 5-A. (Para 21)
2. It is common ground between the parties that the petitioners Gopal Singh and Surat Singh are Khatedars of Kahsra Nos. 41 and 36 respectively, situated in village Radi, Tehsil Taranagar, District Churu. In 1955, Panchayat Gajoowas, which also exercised jurisdiction over village Redi, came to the conclusion that abadi area of village Redi, should be extended by acquiring some agricultural land adjoining the inhabited area in order to convert it for purposes of habitation. It., therefore, wrote to the Tehsildar, Taranagar for acquiring land for the said purpose. The matter was however dropped after about four years by order of the Collector, Churu dated 15th January, 1959. Thereafter in December, 1959, the Tehsildar, Taranagar again recommended to the Collector for acquiring the land the said purpose. The Collector, in turn, wrote to the Government and the Government issued a notification (Ex. A) dated 11th August, 1960 under sec. 4(1) of the Rajasthan Land Acquisition Act (No. 24 of 1953) (hereinafter called "the Act"). This notification was published in the Rajasthan Gazette dated 29th September, 1960. The petitioners presented an application (Ex. C) dated 3rd November, 1960 to the Collector, Churu, raising certain objections against the acquisition of their land.
3. The petitioners have contested the legality of the proceedings taken after the publication of the said notification. It is urged in the first instance that under sec. 4(1) of the Act it was necessary for the Collector to cause public notice of the substance of the said notification to be given at convenient places in the said locality, but no such public notice was issued by him and thus the mandatory provisions of law were not complied with. It is next urged that even though no such notice was issued by the Collector the petitioners, when they came to know of the notification, presented their objections before the Collector on 3rd November, 1960. These objections ought to have been considered by the Collector and the petitioners should have been afforded an opportunity of being heard either in person or by their pleader but no such opportunity was given to them and thus he contravened the provisions of sec, 5A of the Act. The petitioners proceed to say that under sec. 5A of the Act it was further necessary for the Collector to forward all the objections raised by the petitioners together with the proceedings of the enquiry made by him and he should have also sent a report containing his recommendations on the objections raised by the petitioners. It was only on the basis of this date that the Government could give its decision under sec. 5-A of the Act. It is pointed out by the petitioners that since the Collector failed to discharge his part of the duty and the papers containing the petitioners objections and his recommendations were not forwarded to the Government, the Government had no opportunity to base its decision thereon. The petitioners second objection thus relates to non-compliance of the provisions of sec. 5-A of the Act.
4. The third contention raised by the petitioners is that the Government of Rajasthan made its declaration under sec. 6 of the Act on 3rd June, 1961 and that it was published in the Rajasthan Gazette dated 3rd August, 1961 (Ex. F). It is urged that according to sec. 6(1) of the Act, such a declaration should have been made by the Government only after considering the report of the Collector under sec. 5-A of the Act, but since the petitioners objections were not forwarded by the Collector and no proper report was made under sec. 5-A of the Act, this declaration was also not valid in law.
5. The fourth contention raised by the petitioners is that the Land Acquisition Officer issued notification on 30th November, 1960 under sec. 9 of the Act (Ex. D). It is pointed out that the notice under sec. 9 of the Act could be issued only after the publication of the
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