IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN AT JODHPUR
FARJAND ALI, J.
Vijendra Sihag - Appellant
Versus
State of Rajasthan - Respondent
S.B. Criminal Misc. (Pet.) No. 694 of 2024
Decided On : 05-03-2025
(A) Rajasthan Police Rules, 1965 - Rules 4.4 and 4.9 - Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 - Section 482 - Quashing of history-sheet - Petitioner sought to quash the order allowing the opening of a history-sheet against him based on multiple cases, most of which resulted in acquittals - Court held that for a history-sheet to be sustained, a person must have three convictions or more than ten cases, irrespective of their outcomes - Petitioner was acquitted in 11 out of 15 cases, with the last case registered in 2017, thus not qualifying as a habitual offender. (Paras 4, 6, 11.2, 10)
(B) Judicial Scrutiny - The court emphasized that entries in the history-sheet are subject to judicial review and must meet specific criteria for justification. (Paras 11.1, 11.3)
Facts of the case:
The petitioner challenged the Superintendent of Police's order to open a history-sheet based on 15 cases, of which he was acquitted in 11, with the last case in 2017.
Findings of Court:
The court quashed the Superintendent's order and directed the removal of the petitioner's name from the history-sheet, establishing that he did not meet the criteria for being a habitual offender.
Issues: The main issues were whether the petitioner qualified as a habitual offender and the validity of the Superintendent's order to maintain a history-sheet.
Ratio Decidendi: The court ruled that a history-sheet can only be maintained if there are three convictions or more than ten cases against a person, and the petitioner did not meet these criteria.
Result: Petition allowed.
ORDER :
1. This criminal misc. petition under Section 482 Cr.P.C. has been preferred claiming the following reliefs:
“It is, therefore, most repsectfully prayed on behalf of the petitioner that this Misc. petition may kindly be allowed and the impugned order dated 08.07.2016 passed by the Superintendent of Police, Sri Ganganagar may kindly be quashed and set aside and the SHO PS Ghamoodwali District Sri Ganganagar may kindly be directed to remove the name of the petitioner from history-sheet/surveillance register of PS Ghamoodwali District Sri Ganganagar.”
2. Brief facts of the case as placed before this Court by learned counsel for the petitioner are that on 07.07.2016, the SHO, Police Station Ghamoodwali, District Sri Ganganagar sent a letter to grant permission to open history-sheet of the petitioner pursuant to total 14 cases pending against him at that time. The Superintendent of Police, Sri Ganganagar upon receipt of the aforesaid application, passed the impugned order dated 08.07.2016, whereby permission was granted to open history sheet against the petitioner.
3. The details of cases registered against the petitioner in the District Sri Ganganagar are as under:
| S. No. | FIR No. Police Station | Offence U/Sec. | Decision/Result |
| 1. | 7/2009 PS Ghamoodwali | 420, 465, 167 IPC | Acquitted vide judgment dated 12.03.2014 |
| 2. | 146/2010 PS Ghamoodwali | 420, 467, 468, 120-B IPC | Acquitted vide judgment dated 08.01.2014 |
| 3. | 255/2011 PS Jawaharnagar | 427, 448, 34 IPC | Acquitted vide judgment dated 12.01.2019 |
| 4. | 460/2011 PS Jawaharnagar | 452, 323, 34 IPC | Acquitted vide judgment dated 06.12.2016 |
| 5. | 396/2011 PS Sadar | 420, 467, 468, 471, 120-B, 177, 181 IPC | Pending in the Court |
| 6. | 67/2012 PS Ghamoodwali | 447, 427, 147, 148, 149 IPC | Acquitted vide judgment dated 21.04.2017 |
| 7. | 361/2012 PS Pilibanga | 340, 323 IPC, 3 of the SC/ST Act | Pending in the Court |
| 8. | 143/2012 PS Ghamoodwali | 420 IPC | Acquitted vide judgment dated 28.10.2017 |
| 9. | 80/2013 PS Ghamoodwali | 323, 341, 447, 34, 427 IPC | Acquitted vide judgment dated 08.01.2014 |
| 10. | 104/2014 PS Ghamoodwali | 430 IPC | Acquitted vide judgment dated 18.11.2016 |
| 11. | 86/2015 PS Ghamoodwali | 427, 430, 120-B IPC | Acquitted vide judgment dated 20.03.2017 |
| 12. | 267/2014 PS Sadar | 420, 467, 468, 471, 120-B IPC | Acquitted vide judgment dated 30.09.2023 |
| 13. | 298/2016 PS Jawahar Nagar | 452, 342, 352, 357, 363, 365, 148 and 149 IPC | Acquitted vide judgment dated 21.12.2016 |
| 14. | 91/2016 PS Ghamoodwali | 430 IPC | Pending in the Court |
| 15. | 106/2017 PS Jawahar Nagar | 420, 406, 467, 468, 471, 120-B IPC | Acquitted vide judgment dated 24.08.2023 |
4. Learned counsel for the petitioner submitted that as per Rule 4.4 and Rule 4.9 of the Rajasthan Police Rules, 1965, the history-sheet can be opened if the name of a person is entered in the surveillance Register and if person falls under the essential ingredients provided in Rajasthan Police Rules, 1965 (hereinafter to be referred as ‘the Rules of 1965’) as well as definition of the Habitual offender under the Rajasthan Habitual Offenders Act, 1953. As per learned counsel for the petitioner, the present petitioner is not falling under the definition of Habitual offender and also does not fall under the Rule 4.4 and Rule 4.9 of the Rules of 1965.
5. Learned counsel for the petitioner further submitted that as per Rule 4.9 of the Rules of 1965, the concerned officer should have reasonable belief that a person is habitually addicted to crime or to be aider or abettor; the petitioner does not even fall under the category of Habitual Offender.
6. Learned counsel for the petitioner submits that out total 15 cases registered against the petitioner, he has been acquitted in 11 cases, negative final report has been filed in 1 case and 3 cases are pending trial. The reason for high number of cases is land dispute of the petitioner with his relatives, due to which false cases were lodged, but now the parties have resolved the dispute through compromise and in most of the cases, the petitioner has been acquitted. The petitioner is not a habitual offender and last case was registered against him
AI
A history-sheet can only be maintained if a person has three convictions or more than ten cases, irrespective of outcomes; the petitioner did not meet these criteria.
A history sheet can only be sustained if an individual has three consecutive convictions or more than ten cases, with specific conditions regarding the age of convictions.
A person has to have three cases of convictions which would bring him within domain of definition of “Habitual Offender.”
The court established that a history-sheet can only be maintained if a person has three convictions or more than ten cases against them, subject to judicial scrutiny.
The criteria for maintaining a history-sheet require either three convictions or more than ten cases against an individual, irrespective of outcomes.
A history sheet can only be sustained if a person has three convictions or more than ten cases, with specific conditions regarding the age of cases.
A person's name cannot be maintained in a police surveillance register unless they have been convicted twice, as supported by past legal precedents and the Rajasthan Police Rules.
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