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2025 Supreme(Raj) 1969

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN AT JODHPUR
MANOJ KUMAR GARG, RAVI CHIRANIA, JJ.
Om Prakash S/o Shri Tulsi Ram - Appellant
Versus
The State of Rajasthan - Respondent
D.B. Criminal Appeal No. 942 of 2001
Decided On : 22-08-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellants : Chaitanya Gehlot, Vandana Prajapati
For the Respondent: Prem Singh Panwar

The prosecution failed to prove the appellant's identity and involvement in the crime beyond reasonable doubt, leading to the quashing of the conviction based on contradictory witness testimonies.

Headnote:(A) Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Sections 307, 324, and 326 - Appellant convicted for life imprisonment and rigorous imprisonment for acid attack - Trial Court failed to consider serious contradictions in prosecution's story - Key witnesses did not provide consistent accounts or identify the appellant - Failure to produce crucial medical evidence from treating doctors - Conviction quashed due to lack of reliable evidence. (Paras 1, 20, 22)

(B) Criminal Law - Burden of proof - The prosecution must establish the identity of the accused beyond a reasonable doubt - Merely circumstantial or inconsistent testimony is insufficient for conviction. (Paras 10, 19)

Facts of the case:
The appellant was convicted in an alleged acid attack case, with varying accounts from key witnesses regarding the incident and the identity of the assailant, leading to inconsistent evidence against the appellant.

Findings of Court:
The court noted significant discrepancies in witness testimony and the absence of critical medical evidence; thus, the trial's conclusions were overturned.

Issues: The primary issue was whether the prosecution had proven the appellant's involvement and whether the contradictions in eyewitness accounts undermined the conviction.

Ratio Decidendi: The court emphasized the prosecution's burden to prove the appellant's identity beyond doubt, ruling that inconsistencies among witnesses rendered the conviction unsustainable.

Result: Appeal allowed; the conviction and sentence were quashed.

Table of Content
1. conviction based on fir and evidence presented. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6)
2. challenge to prosecution based on witness reliability. (Para 7 , 8 , 9 , 10)
3. importance of expert witness testimony for injury assessment. (Para 11 , 12 , 13)
4. prosecution's burden to prove presence and causation. (Para 14 , 15)
5. inconsistencies in witness statements undermine conviction. (Para 16 , 17 , 18 , 19)
6. reevaluation of punishment based on evidence shortcomings. (Para 20 , 21)
7. release of appellant on bail post-appeal. (Para 22 , 23)

ORDER :

1. The present appeal is against the judgment dated 29th November 2001 passed by the learned Additional District and Sessions Judge (Fast Track), Rajsamand in Sessions Case No. 60/2001 titled as State vs. Om Prakash . The learned trial Court convicted the appellant for the offences under Sections 307 , 326 and 324 of IPC and imposed the punishment which are as under:

Offence U/sSentenceFine
307 IPCLife ImprisonmentRs.50,000/-
326 IPCLife ImprisonmentRs.50,000/-
324 IPCThree Years’ Rigorous ImprisonmentRs.5,000/-

All the sentences were ordered to run concurrently.

2. The facts as noted from the record of the trial Court are that a written report dated 23.09.2000, Ex-P1, was submitted by one Suresh Chandra to S.H.O. PS. Rajnagar, District Rajsamand. In the report, he stated that someone had thrown chemical on his son while he was returning home after closing his shop around 11:45 PM. According to him, the incident occurred so fast that he (victim Manish Jain) was unable to understand or identify anyone. The written report dated 23.09.2000, Ex-P1, is reproduced as under:

^^fyf[kr fjiksVZ Jh lqjs'k pUnz }kjk Fkkukf/kdkjh iqfyl Fkkuk jktuxj ftyk jktlean ¼bZ,Dlih&1½ fnukad 23-9-2000

fnukad 22-9-2000

Jheku Fkkuk vf/kdkjh egksn; th

jktlean ftyk & jktlean

fo"k;%&euh"k ds psgjs ij rstkc Mkyus dh ?kVuk dh fjiksVZ ckcr

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euh"k tSu iq= Jh lqjs'k pUnz th tSu ¼inekorh Hkkstuky;½ ¼ikyhoky ekdsZV ds lkeus½ ds Åij viuh nqdku can djds 11-45 cts ?kj tkrs le; ekyfu;k pkSd esa fdlh us mlds psgjs ij rstkc Qsad fn;k ftlls mldh vka[kks vkSj psgjs ij cgqr vf/kd izHkko gqvk o iwjs 'kjhj ij vlj QSy x;k ;gka rd fd diM+s rd mlh {k.k rstkc ds izHkko ls ty x;sA ?kVuk bruh rhoz xfr ls ?kVh fd mls fdlh dks le>us o igpkuus dk ekSdk Hkh ugha feykA vkSj gesa ekywe iM+rs gh jktuxj ftyk fpfdRlky; esa bykt gsrw ysdj vk x,A vr% vkils fuosnu gS fd mijksDr ?kVuk ds fo"k; esa ,Q-vkbZ-vkj- ntZ djokus dh d`ik djkosa ,oa rRi'pkr vko';d dk;Zokgh djds ?kVuk ds eqtfje dk irk yxkus dk d"V djkosaA

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dk;Zokgh iqfyl ceqdke th-,p- jktlean fnukad 23-09-2000 le; 0-40 ,-,e-

¼1½ ;g fjiksVZ izkFkhZ Jh lqjs'kpUnz iq= ftus'oj yky th tSu mez 48 lky iS'kk lqUnj Vkdht esa lgk;d izca/kd fuoklh ekyfu;k pkSd dkadjksyh Fkkuk jktuxj us ceqdke th-,p- is'k dhA

¼2½ etewu fjiksVZ ls ekeyk vijk/k /kkjk 324@326 vkbZ-ih-lh- dk odwok esa vkuk ik;k tkus ls ekSds ij vko';d dk;Zokgh 'kq: dh Fkkus ij igqap izdj.k dk;e gksxkA

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fnukad&23-9-2000 le;&1-30 ,-,e-

¼1½ ;g fjiksVZ izkFkhZ Jh lqjs'kpUnz tSu }kjk is'k 'kqnk ,-,l-vkbZ- ukFkwflag }kjk Fkkus ij ykdj is'k dhA

¼2½ etewu fjiksVZ ls vijk/k /kkjk 324] 326 vkbZ-ih-lh- dk odq,s esa vkuk ik;k tkus ls eqd- u- 610@2000 tqeZ lnj esa ntZ dj vuqla/kku ,-,l- vkbZ- Jh dj.kflag vkbZ@lh vkW-ih- dkadjksyh ds ftEes fd;k x;kA

¼3½ ,Q-vkbZ-vkj- izfr;ka fu;ekuqlkj tkjh dh xbZA

,pbZ&,lMh&,Q

vkbZ&,lMh&ts**

3. On the said written report, Ex-P1, an FIR, Ex-P2, was registered bearing No.610/2000 for offences under Sections 324 and 326 IPC against unknown person. The accused was arrested on 01.10.2000. The police conducted the investigation and filed the charge-sheet against the accused appellant.

4. The learned trial Court framed the charges against the appellant for offence under Sections 324 , 326 and 307 of the IPC on 24.03.2001.

5. The accused appellant denied the charges and claimed trial. On the prosecution side, 14 witnesses were produced in evidence which are PW-1 Manish Kumar, PW-2 Suresh Chandra, P

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