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2026 Supreme(HP) 7

IN THE HIGH COURT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH, SHIMLA
Vivek Singh Thakur, Ranjan Sharma, JJ
State of H.P. - Appellant
Versus
Yogesh Kumar @ Yadu - Respondent
Cr. Appeal No. 537 of 2012
Decided On : 07-04-2026

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant :Mr.Raj Negi, Deputy Advocate General.
For the Respondent:Mr.Lakshay Thakur, Advocate.

Acquitted defendants maintain the presumption of innocence, reinforced by the prosecution's failure to provide credible evidence beyond a reasonable doubt.

Headnote:(A) Indian Penal Code, 1860 - Section 302 - Criminal Procedure Code, 1973 - Section 154 - Acquittal in murder case - The High Court upheld the acquittal of the respondent, finding that the prosecution failed to present credible evidence to establish the guilt beyond a reasonable doubt - Discrepancies in witness testimonies raised doubts about the prosecution's case - The principle that the accused is presumed innocent until proven guilty was reinforced. (Paras 43-45)

Facts of the case:
The State of Himachal Pradesh appealed against the acquittal of the respondent in a murder case concerning the death of Des Raj. Prosecution claimed the respondent attacked the deceased with a weapon, but evidence was inconsistent. (Paras 1-12)

Findings of Court:
The trial court's judgment was reaffirmed, noting the lack of reliable evidence. Conflicting testimonies of key witnesses undermined the prosecution's claims. (Paras 43-45)

Issues: The primary issue was whether the prosecution established the respondent's culpability through credible evidence. (Paras 43-44)

Ratio Decidendi: The court highlighted that doubts in the prosecution's case must favor the accused, emphasizing that acquittal should be maintained if evidence creates reasonable doubt. (Paras 43-44)

Result: The appeal was dismissed.

Table of Content
1. appeal against acquittal in murder case. (Para 1)
2. establishment of circumstances leading to accusation. (Para 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7)
3. witness testimony regarding incident. (Para 8 , 9 , 10)
4. procedural aspects of investigation. (Para 11 , 12 , 13)
5. corroborative testimonies and identifying contradictions. (Para 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24)
6. evidence assessment and its credibility. (Para 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29)
7. conduct of investigation and evidentiary issues. (Para 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35)
8. doubts arising from contradictory witness statements. (Para 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42)
9. benefit of doubt to the accused. (Para 43)
10. final ruling on acquittal based on evidentiary failure. (Para 44 , 45)

JUDGMENT :

Vivek Singh Thakur, J.

State of Himachal Pradesh has preferred this appeal against acquittal of respondent in case FIR No. 289, dated 30.11.2011 registered in Police Station Sadar, Chamba under Section 302 of the Indian Penal Code, vide judgment dated 18.8.2012 passed by Sessions Judge, Chamba in Sessions Trial No. 12 of 2012, titled as State of Himachal Pradesh Vs. Yogesh Kumar alias Yadu.

2. Prosecution case is that on 29.11.2011 at about 10:37 PM a telephonic call was received in the Head Office of 108 Ambulance regarding an emergency, to be attended at village Saroo, District Chamba, whereupon PW-6 Pawan Kumar Emergency Medical Technician alongwith driver of Ambulance Surinder Kumar (not examined) proceeded towards Saroo in Ambulance bearing No. HP-63-4394. After some time caller had talked with PW-6 Pawan Kumar, whereupon caller was informed that Ambulance was on the way and likely to be reached on the spot. On reaching Saroo Nallah, PW-6 Pawan Kumar and driver did not find any patient on the spot, whereupon they tried to contact the patient on telephone number available with them, but no one was responding on the said phone and consequently PW-6 Pawan Kumar informed the Head Office accordingly. While going towards Saroo Nallah, Ambulance staff had noticed a person lying on the road side. They had mistaken him to be some drunkard. During return journey, PW-6 Pawan Kumar asked his Head Office as to whether he could attend upon the said person. On receiving permission to do so, the Ambulance staff stopped near the person, who had been found with injury on his head. First aid was given to him on the spot by PW-6 Pawan Kumar. According to PW-6 Pawan Kumar the patient was unconscious and it was informed to the Headquarter and Police was informed by the Headquarter.

3. According to prosecution case a telephonic information was received, from emergency phone number 108, in Police Station, Sadar Chamba at 11:20 P.M., informing that team 108 of Regional Hospital Chamba had informed through Headquarter, on a conference call that a person was lying dead at Saroo, whereupon ASI Kuldeep Chand alongwith ASI Jai Chand, Head Constable Kuldeep Chand, constable Ram Chand, Honorary Head Constable Raj Kumar alongwith Camera and Videographer HHG Desh Raj, HHG Ranjeet Singh, left for spot in official vehicle HP-73- 0919 being driven by Constable-driver Suresh Kumar and in this regard daily station diary GD entry number 56 (A) was recorded at 11:20 P.M.

4. PW-19 ASI Kuldeep Chand alongwith Police Party, after informing PW-15 Kulbhushan Verma Deputy Superintendent of Police Headquarter, reached on the spot, but none was found there. He called PW-4 Bansi Dhar Pradhan of Gram Panchyat. One Keso was also accompanying the Pradhan. The dead body, lying on the road side, was got identified by Pradhan as Des Raj S/o Sh. Rijhu Ram, R/o Village Chhabuin.

5. PW-4 Bansi Dhar Pradhan also disclosed that wife of deceased was living at Drabla. Photographs of the dead body were taken on the spot. Dead body was sent to mortuary in Regional Hospital, Chamba. Inquest reports Ex. PW-4/W and Ex. PW-4/X were filled in in presence of witness Janak Raj (not examined) and PW-4 Bansi Dhar. PW1 Bebi wife of deceas

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