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2026 Supreme(HP) 383

IN THE HIGH COURT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH, SHIMLA
Sandeep Sharma, J.
State of Himachal Pradesh - Appellant
Versus
Gaurav Joshi and others - Respondents
Cr. Appeal No.55 of 2012
Decided On : 28-02-2026

Advocates Appeared:
For the Appellant:Mr. Rajan Kahol & Mr. Vishal Panwar, Additional Advocate Generals with Mr. Ravi Chauhan & Mr. Anish Banshtu, Deputy Advocates General.
For the Respondent:Mr. Ashok K. Tyagi, Advocate.

In appeal against acquittal, material contradictions in interested witnesses' inconsistent testimonies, absence of independent corroboration and two possible views from evidence justify upholding acquittal without interference.

Headnote:(A) IPC - Sections 341, 323 and 325 read with Section 34 - CrPC - Section 378 - Criminal appeal against acquittal - Prosecution witnesses' statements riddled with material contradictions and inconsistencies regarding sequence of events, cause of injuries, presence of accused and role of key eyewitness - Witnesses interested due to ongoing litigation over rented premises - No independent witnesses associated despite public place on festival day - Medical evidence of simple and grievous injuries not conclusively linking accused - Two views possible from evidence - Acquittal not perverse, rightly upheld. (Paras 9-19)

(B) Evidence - Appreciation in criminal cases - Consistency and inherent probability essential for reliability - Interested witnesses' testimony requires cautious scrutiny - Material contradictions going to root of case create reasonable doubt precluding conviction. (Paras 10-18)

Facts of the case:
Complainant and associates allegedly assaulted by accused near public area to evict tenants from rented shop. Prosecution claimed initial misbehaviour led to beatings; defence version involved altercation over applying festival colours with counter-allegations of assault. Trial court acquitted due to unreliable evidence; state appealed.

Findings of Court:
No interference warranted as trial court properly appreciated contradictory evidence of interested witnesses lacking corroboration.

Issues: Whether prosecution proved case beyond reasonable doubt despite contradictions; scope of appellate interference in acquittal judgments.

Ratio Decidendi: Material inconsistencies in eyewitness accounts, absence of independent testimony and interested nature of witnesses justify benefit of doubt; if two reasonably possible views emerge, view favouring acquittal prevails; appellate court interferes only if finding perverse. Result : Appeal dismissed; acquittal upheld.

Table of Content
1. prosecution alleges accused assaulted victims over shop possession. (Para 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5)
2. state contests acquittal; defense cites contradictions and litigation. (Para 6 , 7 , 8)
3. contradictions in witnesses and absent independents create doubt. (Para 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14)
4. interested witnesses demand caution; material inconsistencies undermine case. (Para 15 , 16 , 17)
5. consistency essential; two views favor accused benefit of doubt. (Para 18 , 19 , 20 , 21)
6. acquittal upheld for lack of proof beyond doubt. (Para 22 , 23)

JUDGMENT :

Sandeep Sharma, J.

Instant Criminal Appeal filed under Section 378 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, lays challenge to judgment of acquittal dated 16.06.2011 passed by learned Chief Judicial Magistrate, Sirmour, District Nahan, Himachal Pradesh in case No.1/2 of 2010/09 titled Gaurav Joshi & others vs. State of Himachal Pradesh, whereby learned trial held respondents-accused (hereinafter referred to as the accused) not guilty of having committed offence punishable under Sections 341,323 and 325 read with Section 34 of IPC and accordingly acquitted them.

2. In nutshell, case of the prosecution is that complainant Jitender Kumar alongwith Mohd. Abid and Kira was going from Delhi Gate to popular Dhaba near Hindu Ashram Road, Nahan and at around 3.00 PM near Science Block, Nahan, accused Gaurav Joshi came on the road and stopped them. Allegedly, when accused Gaurav Joshi misbehaved with Kira, complainant interfered, but in turn accused Gaurav Joshi gave fist blow on his nose and Kira due to fear fled away from the spot, whereas Mohd. Abid also tried to patch up the matter, but yet accused Gaurav Joshi started giving beatings to him. Allegedly, accused Gaurav Joshi called his brother Saurabh and Kamal through telephone call and thereafter, all the accused started giving beatings to the complainant and Mohd. Abid, who subsequently were rescued by Dharam Pal, owner of the Dhaba and Nazir, who came on the spot after having heard their cries. Dharam Pal and Abid have taken the shops from the father of the accused Gaurav Joshi and Saurabh Joshi on rent and allegedly, accused gave beatings to the complainant and Mohd. Abid with a view to get the possession of the shop. In the aforesaid background, matter came to be reported to the police by the complainant and accordingly, FIR(Ex.PW1/A) under Sections 341, 325 and 323 read with Section 34 of IPC was registered against the accused at police Station Nahan.

3. Police got Jitender Kumar and Mohd. Abid medically examined and procured MLCs Ex. PW4/A and PW4/B, wherein doctor opined injuries on the person of Mohd. Abid to be simple and on the person of Jitender as grevious in nature. After having completed investigation, police presented the challan in the competent court of law, which having found prima-facie case against the accused charged them under Sections 341, 325 and 323 read with Section 34 of IPC, to which they pleaded not guilty and claimed trial.

4. Prosecution with a view to prove its case examined as many as 6 witnesses, whereas accused in his statement recorded under Section 313 Cr. CPC, denied the case of the prosecution in toto and claimed trial.

5. Learned trial Court on the basis of the entire evidence led on record held accused not guilty and accordingly, acquitted them. In the aforesaid background, appellant-State has approached this Court in the instant proceedings, praying therein for conviction of the accused after setting aside the judgment of acquittal recorded by the Court below.

6. I have heard learned counsel representing the parties and gone through the record carefully.

7. Mr. Vishal Panwar, learned Additional Advocate General, while making this Court peruse the evidence adduced on record by the prosecution vis-à-vis reasoning assigned in the impugned judgment of acquittal recorded by learned trial Court, vehemently argued that Court below has failed to appreciate the evidence in its right perspective and has

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