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2025 Supreme(HP) 1138

IN THE HIGH COURT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH SHIMLA
SATYEN VAIDYA, J.
Dr. Ram Narayan Thakur - Petitioner
Versus
Union of India and others – Respondents
CWP No. 7378 of 2014
Decided On : 17-09-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioner:Mr. Sanjeev Bhushan, Senior Advocate, with Mr. Rajesh Kumar, Advocate.
For the Respondents:Mr. Balram Sharma, DSGI with Mr. Ashish Pathak, Advocate.

Prolonged contractual engagement for perennial teaching in public-funded institution mandates regularization with full benefits, rejecting ad-hocism and temporary exploitation despite need-based claims.

Headnote:(A) Constitution of India - Articles 12, 14, 16 and 21 - Service law - Regularization - Continuous engagement as contractual lecturer since 2001 exceeding 24 years in government-funded deemed university - Sole teacher for subject with average 280 students per session - Engagement claimed need-based but against sanctioned post for perennial work - PhD qualified as per norms - Successive salary revisions but paltry remuneration - Held, temporary labels for long-term essential work impermissible; exploitation via ad-hocism violates dignity and equity - Entitled to regularization as lecturer/assistant professor from date of filing petition with consequential benefits including regular scale per norms - Fresh recruitment process quashed implicitly. (Paras 16-24)

(B) Public employment - Ad-hocism and temporary contracts - State as constitutional employer cannot misuse for perennial duties denying security, benefits and progression - Must create sanctioned/supernumerary posts, ensure transparency in records and align with fairness - Adverse inference from non-production of records. (Paras 17-21)

Facts of the case:
Petitioner continuously served as teacher on contract/part-time basis with periodic extensions, interviews and pay revisions from Rs.5000/- to Rs.39,000/- per month; only faculty for subject amid rising student strength (218-308); documents showed sanctioned post created in 2000; prayer for regularization and quashing recruitment advertisement filed in 2014.

Findings of Court:
Respondents directed to regularize services on lecturer post from date of petition with all benefits completed within eight weeks.

Issues: Whether long continuous service on need-based contract for perennial teaching entitles regularization; whether institution qualifies as 'State' under Article 12 permitting writ jurisdiction; validity of temporary engagement sans sanctioned post.

Ratio Decidendi: Prolonged contractual engagement for essential, recurring work in public institution offends constitutional fairness; equity demands regularization where service undisputed, work perennial, vacancy exists and employee qualified, disfavoring indefinite temporariness.

Result: Petition allowed.

Table of Content
1. petition seeks regularization after 13+ years service (Para 1 , 2 , 3)
2. contractual engagements with repeated interviews and salary hikes (Para 4 , 5 , 6 , 7)
3. respondents claim need-based, non-sanctioned temporary engagement (Para 8 , 9 , 10)
4. undisputed long service as sole qualified history teacher (Para 11 , 12 , 16)
5. writ maintainable against government-funded deemed university (Para 13 , 14 , 15)
6. rejects need-based defence; sanctioned post exists for perennial work (Para 17 , 18)
7. prohibits perpetual temporary employment for permanent roles (Para 19)
8. equity demands regularization of ad-hoc perennial public workers (Para 20 , 21)
9. exploitation via low pay violates sc anti-ad-hocism rulings (Para 22 , 23)
10. orders regularization with consequential benefits (Para 24 , 25)

JUDGMENT :

Satyen Vaidya, J.

The instant petition has been filed for the following substantive reliefs: -

“(i) That an appropriate writ, order or directions may kindly be issued and respondents may kindly be directed to regularize the services of the petitioner as lecturer (now re-designated as Assistant Professor) forthwith by further directing the respondents to pay regular scale to the petitioner for which a Lecturer/Assistant Professor is entitled to as per the UGC norms.
(ii) That further an appropriate writ, order or directions may kindly be issued and Annexure P-16, or any other similar Ad. Particularly qua subject of the petitioner and for the campus where the petitioner is working, may be quashed and set-aside by further directing the respondents not to hold interviews for the post of History at Ved Vyas Campus, Garli Balahar, Kangra, H.P.”

2. The petitioner is teaching subject of History in respondent No.3 Rashtriya Sanskrit Sansthan (for short, “The Sansthan”) continuously since 2001. The instant petition was filed by the petitioner in the year 2014 on the premise that despite the petitioner having rendered more than 13 years of continuous service, was being called upon to participate in a fresh selection process. Claiming a right to be regularized on the strength of long service rendered by the petitioner, the instant petition was filed for the reliefs as noticed above.

3. Indisputably, the petitioner is still serving respondent No.3 and, in this manner, the duration of service of petitioner has been more than 24 years.

4. It has been pleaded by the petitioner that though he has continuously been serving the Sansthan as a teacher in the subject of History, the nomenclature used for his post has been differently applied as part time teacher, period based teacher and contract employee from time to time. As per the petitioner, in the year 2002, the petitioner was being employed on one-year contract and thereafter his services were regularly extended from time to time. He was being paid Rs.5000/- per month as remuneration, which was revised to Rs.8000/- per month w.e.f. 13.08.2005.

5. It is also the case of the petitioner that vide order dated 14.07.2006 his tenure was extended till further orders or new appointment was made.

6. The petitioner has further alleged that in between 2001 to 2006, the petitioner was made to face three walk- in-interviews. In 2007, an advertisement was issued in National Newspaper, in pursuance to which the petitioner faced another interview at Delhi for the same post. Thereafter, the respondents started giving contractual appointment to the petitioner on year-to-year basis.

7. The salary of the petitioner, as alleged in the petition, was revised to Rs.12,000/- per month w.e.f. 01.07.2009 and Rs.20,000/- per month w.e.f. 17.06.2011.
Lastly, the petitioner was drawing revised salary of Rs.39,000/- per month at the time of filing of the petition.

8. Respondents No. 2 and 3 have filed their reply. It is stated that respondent No.2 is a Society registered under the Societies Registration Act, 1860 and was funded by grant-in-aid received from the Ministry of Human Resources Development, Government of India.






























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