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2025 Supreme(HP) 1771

IN THE HIGH COURT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH AT SHIMLA
AJAY MOHAN GOEL, J. 
M/s Kundlas Loh Udyog – Petitioner 
Versus
Himachal Pradesh State Electricity Board Limited (HPSEBL) and Another - Respondents
CWP No. 2239 of 2021
Decided On : 29-12-2025

Advocates Appeared:
For the Petitioner:Mr. R.L. Sood, Senior Advocate with M/s Manik Sethi and Vidur Kapur, Advocates.
For the Respondents:Mr. Amal Nair, Advocate with Mr. Shivom Vashisht, Advocate.

Provisional assessment under Electricity Act Section 126 invalid without inspection of consumer premises or records maintained by consumer; licensee’s internal MRI/consumer records insufficient basis.

Headnote:(A) Electricity Act, 2003 - Sections 126 and 127 - Himachal Pradesh Electricity Supply Code, 2009 - Chapter-VI, Clauses 6.1.1 to 6.1.7 - Unauthorized use of electricity - Provisional assessment under Section 126(1) permissible only if assessing officer, on inspection of place/premises/equipments/gadgets/machines/devices or records maintained by the person concerned, concludes such person indulging in unauthorized use - Assessment cannot be based solely on scrutiny of licensee’s own consumer/MRI records without site inspection, preparation/serving of inspection report - Procedure sacrosanct; non-compliance renders order void ab initio and arbitrary - Distinguished from theft cases under Section 135. (Paras 12,17-21,22-23,24)

(B) Writ Petition under Article 226 - Maintainability against provisional assessment - Not premature where order ex facie violates statutory provisions; no need to await final order as illegality apparent. (Paras 4,6,21)

Facts of the case:
Provisional assessment issued for alleged meter tampering/unauthorized use detected via scrutiny of MRI data for period August 2014-May 2015, claiming higher charges at twice tariff - Prior demand withdrawn during appellate proceedings before Ombudsman - No site inspection/premises visit/inspection report produced despite court directions - Assessment computed on basis of licensee’s records alone.

Findings of Court:
Impugned provisional assessment order quashed and set aside. Consequences to ensue.

Issues: Whether provisional assessment valid absent inspection of premises/consumer records; whether petition premature.

Ratio Decidendi: Statutory language of Section 126 mandates inspection-based trigger for provisional assessment targeting records "maintained by any person" (consumer), not licensee’s internal data - Supply Code requires prompt inspection, report preparation/service, possible videography - Proceedings commence with inspection per Supreme Court exposition; violation incurable by final order.

Result: Petition allowed.

Table of Content
1. history of tampering demands and forum proceedings. (Para 1 , 2)
2. debate on section 126 procedural compliance. (Para 4 , 5 , 6)
3. court directs production of inspection records. (Para 7 , 8 , 9 , 10)
4. section 126 mandates premises inspection for assessment. (Para 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18)
5. impugned order relies solely on board records. (Para 19 , 20)
6. provisional assessment invalid without consumer inspection. (Para 21 , 23)
7. quash provisional order for statutory violation. (Para 24)

JUDGMENT :

Ajay Mohan Goel, J.

By way of this petition, the petitioner has, inter alia, prayed for the following reliefs:-

“i. Set-aside the order dated 15.03.2021 passed by the Respondent No. 2 as being arbitrary and without any jurisdiction.
ii. As the public money is involved and the same should not be made to suffer due to the malafides of the erred officials, this Hon’ble Court may, if it pleases, direct the personal recoveries from the erred officials without prejudicing the right of the petitioner to get the timely payment/interest as per the law and order of the Ombudsman dated 05.03.2021.”

2. The case of the petitioner is that on 27.06.2015, the respondent-Board raised a demand of Rs. 1,52,12,681/- from the petitioner on the grounds that during the scrutiny of the MRI energy data obtained from the energy meter installed in the premises of the petitioner with effect from August 2014 to May 2015, it was observed that energy meter was tampered to record the actual energy consumer during that period. According to the petitioner, after the receipt of the said demand, the petitioner agitated the same by way of various representations and when no response was received thereto, it approached the Consumer Grievance Redressal Forum in the month of August, 2015, against the said demand. The Consumer Forum dismissed the complaint of the petitioner on 20.12.2016 for want of jurisdiction. The petitioner thereafter approached the Divisional Commissioner by way of an Appeal and the Divisional Commissioner after hearing the parties, dismissed the same on the ground of jurisdiction on 14.03.2019 by stating that the demand raised by the Board was not as per the provisions of Section 126 of the Electricity Act, 2003 and, therefore, the Divisional Commissioner could not adjudicate the same under Section 127 of the Electricity Act. The petitioner feeling aggrieved, again approached the learned Consumer Grievance Redressal Forum citing the order passed by the Divisional Commissioner, but the Consumer Grievance Redressal Forum dismissed the complaint of the petitioner on 20.08.2020 without going into the merits thereof by observing that the petitioner should approach the learned Divisional Commissioner as the issue was of tampering, as was alleged by the Board. It is further the contention of the petitioner that against order dated 20.08.2020, passed by the Consumer Grievance Redressal Forum, it again preferred an Appeal before the learned Ombudsman. During the pendency of the proceedings before the learned Ombudsman on 26.02.2021, respondent No.2 set aside their demand by withdrawing the notice.

3. It is further the contention of the petitioner that after withdrawal of the said demand relating to the alleged tampering of the meter, respondent No.2 again in order to harass the petitioner, issued provisional assessment notice dated 15.03.2021 for an amount of Rs.4,55,18,952/- on the same cause and feeling aggrieved, the petitioner has approached this Court against the same.

4. Learned Senior Counsel appearing for the petitioner submitted that the impugned order Annexure P-10 is non est in the eyes of law as the provisional assessment order was passed by the Authority without adhering to the provisions of Section 126 of the Electricity Act, which makes the provisional order void ab initio. Learned Senior Counsel took the Court through the provisions of of the Electricity Act and submitted that the procedure prescribed therein was bre




































































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