IN THE HIGH COURT OF JAMMU & KASHMIR AND LADAKH AT JAMMU
Rajnesh Oswal and Mohan Lal, JJ.
Liaqat Ali – Appellant
Versus
Union Territory of Jammu & Kashmir through SHO Ramsoo and Another - Respondent
Crl.A.(D)No.5/2021 and Crl.M.No.253/2021
Decided on : 2-9-2022
Criminal Conviction Appeal - Rape - 376 RPC, 506 RPC - The court upheld the conviction of the appellant for the charges of rape under Sections 376/506 RPC. The delay in lodging the FIR was satisfactorily explained by the prosecutrix. The court emphasized that the evidence of the prosecutrix does not need corroboration for sustaining the conviction of the accused. The date of birth certificate of the prosecutrix was proven to establish that she was a minor at the time of the occurrence. The non-examination of material witnesses did not cast serious doubt upon the credibility of the sole testimony of the prosecutrix. The court modified the sentence of 20 years rigorous imprisonment to a minimum sentence of 7 years for the offence of rape under Section 376 RPC without altering the fine component of Rs. 50,000. The sentence imposed for the offence under Section 506 RPC remained unaltered.
Fact of the Case:
The prosecutrix, a minor, accused her uncle of committing rape upon her. The delay in lodging the FIR was explained by the prosecutrix, and the court found her testimony to be credible. The date of birth certificate of the prosecutrix was proven to establish that she was a minor at the time of the occurrence. The non-examination of material witnesses did not cast serious doubt upon the credibility of the sole testimony of the prosecutrix.
Finding of the Court:
The court upheld the conviction of the appellant for the charges of rape under Sections 376/506 RPC. The delay in lodging the FIR was satisfactorily explained by the prosecutrix. The evidence of the prosecutrix does not need corroboration for sustaining the conviction of the accused. The date of birth certificate of the prosecutrix was proven to establish that she was a minor at the time of the occurrence. The non-examination of material witnesses did not cast serious doubt upon the credibility of the sole testimony of the prosecutrix. The court modified the sentence of 20 years rigorous imprisonment to a minimum sentence of 7 years for the offence of rape under Section 376 RPC without altering the fine component of Rs. 50,000. The sentence imposed for the offence under Section 506 RPC remained unaltered.
Issues: The delay in lodging the FIR, the nature of the prosecutrix's testimony, the age of the prosecutrix, and the non-examination of material witnesses were the key issues in the case.
Ratio Decidendi: The delay in lodging the FIR was satisfactorily explained by the prosecutrix. The evidence of the prosecutrix does not need corroboration for sustaining the conviction of the accused. The date of birth certificate of the prosecutrix was proven to establish that she was a minor at the time of the occurrence. The non-examination of material witnesses did not cast serious doubt upon the credibility of the sole testimony of the prosecutrix.
Final Decision: The court modified the sentence of 20 years rigorous imprisonment to a minimum sentence of 7 years for the offence of rape under Section 376 RPC without altering the fine component of Rs. 50,000. The sentence imposed for the offence under Section 506 RPC remained unaltered. The Criminal Conviction Appeal was disposed off and the record was consigned to the trial court for information.
JUDGMENT :
Mohan Lal, J.-
Instant Criminal Conviction Appeal is directed by appellant/convict against the judgment and order dated 12.01.2021 rendered by the court of learned Principal Sessions Judge Ramban in the case File No. 02/challan bearing case CNR No. JKRB010000382016 titled State vs Liaqat Ali, whereby, appellant/convict has been held guilty, convicted and sentenced to undergo rigorous imprisonment for a period of 20 years for commission of offence punishable u/s 376 RPC and to pay fine of Rs. 50,000/- and further sentenced to simple imprisonment for a period of two (2) years for commission of offence punishable u/s 506 RPC and in default of payment of fine, appellant/convict has been directed to further undergo simple imprisonment for the period of 06 months.
2. Aggrieved of and dissatisfied with the impugned judgment, appellant/ convict has questioned it’s legality, propriety and correctness and has sought it’s setting aside/quashment on the following grounds:-
(ii) that the prosecutrix has never mentioned in her statement recorded before the trial court that appellant/convict has ever committed rape upon her, she has only stated that the appellant/convict committed “Beparadgi” upon her, which by no stretch of imagination can be construed as rape;
(iii) that the learned trial court has considered the age of prosecutrix as 16 years and a minor, whereas, prosecutrix has stated before the trial court that she is illiterate, however, PW-8 Mohd Mudasir a teacher in Govt. Upper Primary School Digog Ramban has stated before the trial court that the prosecutrix was admitted in the school on 16.04.2001 with her date of birth recorded as 12.12.1995, the statements of PW8 Mohd Mudasir and that of the prosecutrix are totally contradictory to each other regarding date of birth, therefore, the learned trial court has fallen into an error by considering the prosecutrix as minor and has wrongly convicted the appellant/convict by virtue of impugned judgment and order;
(iv) that the material witnesses of the prosecution viz; I.O and doctor have not been examined by the prosecution which has cast a serious dent in the credibility and genuineness of the prosecution case;
3. Sh. Arjun Singh Raju learned counsel for the appellant/convict has vehemently argued, and has sought the setting aside/quashment of impugned judgment and the acquittal of appellant/convict on the following counts:-
(ii) It is argued, that the prosecutrix has never mentioned in her statement recorded before the trial court that appellant/convict has ever committed rape upon her, she has only stated that the appellant/convict committed “Beparadgi” upon her, which by no stretch of imagination can be construed as rape;
(iii) It is moreso argued, that the learned trial court has considered the age of prosecutrix as 16 years and a minor, whereas, prosecutrix has stated before the trial court that she is illiterate, however, PW-8 Mohd Mudasir a teacher in Govt. Upper Primary School Digog Ramban has stated before the trial court that the prosecutrix was admitted in the sc
: : (1) Delay in lodging of first information report should be satisfactorily explained.(2) A young unmarried woman will not put her reputation in peril by alleging falsely about forcible sexual assa....
The prosecution must prove an accused's guilt beyond reasonable doubt, and significant delays or contradictions in testimonies can undermine a conviction.
The testimony of the victim of sexual assault is vital and can be relied upon without corroboration, and delay in lodging a complaint does not necessarily indicate falsehood.
The testimony of the victim of sexual assault is vital and more reliable than that of an injured witness. Conviction can be founded on the testimony of the prosecutrix alone unless there are compelli....
In cases of sexual assault, delay in lodging FIR is not fatal if explained, especially when considering societal attitudes toward victims.
Rule 12 is strictly applicable only to determine age of a child in conflict with law.
Conviction for rape can rely solely on the prosecutrix's credible testimony, with proper explanation of FIR delay not undermining the prosecution’s case.
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